Article
Cell Biology
Edmund Battey, Regula Furrer, Jacob Ross, Christoph Handschin, Julien Ochala, Matthew J. Stroud
Summary: PGC-1α plays a critical role in myonuclear accretion during adaptation to endurance training, especially in larger muscle fibers. Myonuclear accretion in PGC-1α mKO mice is slightly affected with increasing fiber size, but is significantly altered in trained larger fibers compared to sedentary mice, highlighting the importance of PGC-1α in myonuclear accretion in these fibers.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Marta Montori-Grau, David Aguilar-Recarte, Mohammad Zarei, Javier Pizarro-Delgado, Xavier Palomer, Manuel Vazquez-Carrera
Summary: This study found that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress downregulates the expression of PGC-1 alpha in skeletal muscle through the activation of ATF4 and the mTOR-CRTC2 pathway. These findings suggest that inhibition of ATF4 and the mTOR-CRTC2 axis could be a therapeutic target for insulin resistant states.
CELL COMMUNICATION AND SIGNALING
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ben Meister, Chris Collins, Mark McGlynn, Dustin Slivka
Summary: The study revealed that local muscle cooling during endurance exercise inhibits the expression of PGC-1 alpha and NRF1 in human skeletal muscle, suggesting that local cooling may lead to a less effective exercise stimulus compared to standard conditions. Researchers recommend considering other systemic cooling options for those considering using local cooling during exercise.
APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY NUTRITION AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Nattie O'Reilly, Christopher Collins, Mark L. McGlynn, Dustin Slivka
Summary: The study revealed that localized heating during endurance exercise enhances TFAM expression, while not affecting other genes related to mitochondrial homeostasis. Additionally, the normal exercise-induced increase in PGC-1a gene expression remains unaffected by local muscle heating.
APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY NUTRITION AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hannah Guak, Ryan D. Sheldon, Ian Beddows, Alexandra Vander Ark, Matthew J. Weiland, Hui Shen, Russell G. Jones, Julie St-Pierre, Eric H. Ma, Connie M. Krawczyk
Summary: The metabolic programming of dendritic cells (DCs), a type of innate immune cells, can be influenced by different stimuli, which in turn affects their function. While the increased glycolytic metabolism in response to inflammatory stimuli is well-known, the programming of mitochondrial metabolism in DCs is less understood. This study identifies PGC-1 beta as a key regulator of mitochondrial metabolism and inflammation in DCs.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mi-Young Song, Chang Yeob Han, Young Jae Moon, Ju Hyung Lee, Eun Ju Bae, Byung-Hyun Park
Summary: Exercise can counteract obesity and its complications by switching muscle fibers to an oxidative type. Researchers have found that Sirtuin 6 overexpression in mice can induce this switch and may be a target for exercise mimetics. By activating Sirt6, skeletal muscle can be transformed into slow-twitch oxidative type, improving exercise capacity and mitigating obesity-related metabolic diseases.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Weilei Yao, Baoyin Guo, Taimin Jin, Zhengxi Bao, Tongxin Wang, Shu Wen, Feiruo Huang
Summary: This study investigated the mechanism and effects of garcinol on the regulation of skeletal muscle fiber type transformation. The results showed that garcinol can downregulate the expression of fast myosin heavy chain and upregulate the expression of slow myosin heavy chain. In addition, garcinol promotes the conversion of skeletal muscle fibers from fast-glycolytic type to slow-oxidative type through the p300/PGC-1 alpha signaling pathway in C2C12 myotubes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Laura Pelosi, Maria Grazia Berardinelli, Laura Forcina, Francesca Ascenzi, Emanuele Rizzuto, Marco Sandri, Fabrizio De Benedetti, Bianca Maria Scicchitano, Antonio Musaro
Summary: IL-6 is a pleiotropic cytokine with different and opposite effects under healthy and pathologic conditions. It can stimulate muscle growth in healthy conditions but may lead to muscle wasting in pathological conditions. Increased plasma levels of IL-6 may be associated with stunted growth and muscle wasting.
Review
Physiology
Aurel B. B. Leuchtmann, Volkan Adak, Sedat Dilbaz, Christoph Handschin
Summary: Exercise induces molecular and cellular adaptations in various organs beyond skeletal muscles. The release of signaling molecules from skeletal muscle plays a central role in systemic plasticity, with the long-term training adaptation secretome still not well understood. Targeting these factors could have implications for athletic performance and disease prevention.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jing-Feng Wang, Deng-Tai Wen, Shi-Jie Wang, Ying-Hui Gao, Xin-Yuan Yin
Summary: Atg2 is a key gene in autophagy formation and plays a crucial role in regulating aging progress. This study found that overexpression or knockdown of muscle Atg2 gene, combined with exercise intervention, significantly improved muscle function, cardiac function, and lifespan in aging flies. Overexpression and exercise both upregulated the expression of Atg2, AMPK, Sirt1, and PGC-1 alpha genes, and reduced muscle malondialdehyde and triglyceride levels. Notably, exercise also ameliorated age-related changes induced by Atg2 knockdown. The molecular mechanism involves the activation of the AMPK/Sirt1/PGC-1 alpha pathway, oxidation and antioxidant balance, and lipid metabolism in aging muscle.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bruno Ferreira Mendes, Liliane Vanessa Costa-Pereira, Jullia Alves de Andrade, Caique Olegario Diniz Magalhaes, Ramona Ramalho Souza de Pereira, Elizabethe Adriana Esteves, Ricardo Cardoso Cassilhas, Eric Francelino Andrade, Fernando Gripp, Flavio Castro de Magalhaes, Kinulpe Honorato Sampaio, Fabiano Trigueiro Amorim, Marco Fabricio Dias-Peixoto
Summary: This study compares the cardiometabolic and cellular adaptative responses in rats after 8 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) performed in either a single or three shorter daily sessions. The results indicate that both training methods have similar effects on resting VO2 and VO(2)max, cardiac function, and mitochondria density, while the three shorter daily sessions of HIIT are more effective in reducing visceral fat weight, adipocyte size, and improving insulin tolerance.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Julian Boesch, Eliane Pierrel, Christian Lambert, Arno Doelemeyer, Julie Kreider, Nathalie Accart, Serge Summermatter
Summary: This study investigates the role of the chemerin pathway in regulating skeletal muscle function and suggests the potential development of drugs targeting this pathway for musculoskeletal diseases. The study demonstrates that inhibiting chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1) transiently increases muscle strength during growth but decreases strength endurance in the long term. The findings provide insights into the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying skeletal muscle adaptation.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Boyu Yang, Qiongli Yu, Bo Chang, Qi Guo, Sitong Xu, Xuejie Yi, Shicheng Cao
Summary: The study demonstrates the potential of AMPK/PGC-1 alpha pathway in mediating the secretion and/or production of MOTS-c in skeletal muscle, suggesting the roles of exercise intervention and recombinant MOTS-c in treating obesity and diabetes mellitus.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Lucy Penfold, Angela Woods, Alice E. Pollard, Julia Arizanova, Eneko Pascual-Navarro, Phillip J. Muckett, Marian H. Dore, Alex Montoya, Chad Whilding, Louise Fets, Joao Mokochinski, Theodora A. Constantin, Anabel Varela-Carver, Damien A. Leach, Charlotte L. Bevan, Alexander Yu. Niktin, Zoe Hall, David Carling
Summary: Emerging evidence suggests that metabolic dysregulation is a driver of prostate cancer (PCa) progression and metastasis. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a master regulator of metabolism, has a protective effect on PCa progression in vivo. AMPK activation induces the expression of PGC1a, leading to catabolic metabolic reprogramming in PCa cells. This reprogramming inhibits PCa disease progression and is associated with the inhibition of a gene network involved in cell cycle regulation.
Article
Immunology
P. Kent Langston, Yizhi Sun, Birgitta A. Ryback, Amber L. Mueller, Bruce M. Spiegelman, Christophe Benoist, Diane Mathis
Summary: Exercise enhances physical performance and reduces the risk of various disorders. This study reveals that regulatory T cells play a crucial role in the health benefits of exercise, particularly in preventing interferon-gamma overproduction and metabolic disruptions in skeletal muscles.
SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Vandre C. Figueiredo, Yuan Wen, Bjorn Alkner, Rodrigo Fernandez-Gonzalo, Jessica Norrbom, Ivan J. Vechetti, Taylor Valentino, C. Brooks Mobley, Gabriel E. Zentner, Charlotte A. Peterson, John J. McCarthy, Kevin A. Murach, Ferdinand von Walden
Summary: The study reveals the genetic and rDNA gene-wide epigenetic regulation of ribosome biogenesis in response to exercise, highlighting the roles of rDNA dosage and CpG methylation in skeletal muscle. This indicates a genetic predisposition for hypertrophic responsiveness and preferential up-regulation of ribosome biogenesis with resistance exercise. The findings expand our understanding of the genetic and epigenetic factors involved in exercise-induced changes in ribosome biogenesis.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ferdinand von Walden, Ivan J. Vechetti, Davis Englund, Vandre C. Figueiredo, Rodrigo Fernandez-Gonzalo, Kevin Murach, Jessica Pingel, John J. Mccarthy, Per Stal, Eva Ponten
Summary: Mitochondrial biogenesis, mtDNA, and oxidative phosphorylation protein content are reduced in CP muscle compared with typically developing muscle. Transcriptional pathways shared between aging and long-term unloading suggests metabolic dysregulation in CP, which may guide therapeutic strategies for combatting CP muscle pathology.
DEVELOPMENTAL MEDICINE AND CHILD NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Erik Niklasson, Magnus Borga, Olof Dahlqvist Leinhard, Per Widholm, Daniel P. Andersson, Anna Wiik, Mats Holmberg, Torkel B. Brismar, Thomas Gustafsson, Tommy R. Lundberg
Summary: This study examined the relationship between MRI analysis and CT imaging in measuring muscle size and muscle fat infiltration in the anterior thigh. The results showed that both MRI and CT imaging can reliably quantify muscle size and MFI. This study supports the clinical use of both CT and MRI measures for evaluating muscle size and MFI.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Elisabeth Skoglund, Tommy R. Lundberg, Eric Rullman, Roger A. Fielding, Dylan R. Kirn, Davis A. Englund, Asa von Berens, Afsaneh Koochek, Tommy Cederholm, Hans E. Berg, Thomas Gustafsson
Summary: The study shows that a multicomponent physical activity program can result in significant improvements in physical function for older adults, with some changes in muscle size and quality of lower extremity muscles involved in locomotion. However, these changes are not directly associated with improvements in walking speed and Short Physical Performance Battery scores.
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Jari Puustinen, Mika Venojarvi, Marko Haverinen, Tommy R. Lundberg
Summary: This study aimed to compare the effects of flywheel training and traditional resistance training on neuromuscular performance in elite ice hockey players. The results showed that there were no significant differences in performance improvements between the two training methods.
JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Mirko Mandic, Bjorn Hansson, Alen Lovric, Patrik Sundblad, Niels B. J. Vollaard, Tommy R. Lundberg, Thomas Gustafsson, Eric Rullman
Summary: This study found that sprint-interval training can significantly improve maximal oxygen uptake and lead to adaptations in central hemodynamic factors, including an increase in hemoglobin mass, blood volume, and cardiac output.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2022)
Review
Sport Sciences
Moritz Schumann, Joshua F. Feuerbacher, Marvin Suenkeler, Nils Freitag, Bent R. Ronnestad, Kenji Doma, Tommy R. Lundberg
Summary: The study found that concurrent aerobic and strength training does not compromise muscle hypertrophy and maximal strength development, but may attenuate explosive strength gains, especially when performed in the same session. These results appeared to be independent of the type of aerobic training, frequency of concurrent training, training status, and age.
Review
Sport Sciences
Tommy R. Lundberg, Joshua F. Feuerbacher, Marvin Suenkeler, Moritz Schumann
Summary: Concurrent aerobic and strength training may have a small negative effect on fiber hypertrophy compared with strength training alone. The interference effect may be more pronounced when aerobic training is performed by running compared with cycling, at least for type I fibers.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Karl Olsson, Arthur J. Cheng, Mamdoh Al-Ameri, Nicolas Tardif, Michael Melin, Olav Rooyackers, Johanna T. Lanner, Hakan Westerblad, Thomas Gustafsson, Joseph D. Bruton, Eric Rullman
Summary: This study highlights the impact of skeletal muscle sphingomyelinase on human muscle fiber contractile function and evaluates skeletal muscle sphingomyelinase activity in patients with heart failure. The findings demonstrate a correlation between increased activity and disease severity and progression in heart failure patients.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Elisabeth Skoglund, Per Stal, Tommy R. Lundberg, Thomas Gustafsson, Per A. Tesch, Lars -Eric Thornell
Summary: This study compared muscle morphology in three advanced aging cohorts, including a unique cohort of lifelong endurance athletes. The findings suggest that lifelong endurance training is associated with higher muscle oxidative capacity, even in individuals over the age of 80.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anna-Maria Liphardt, Rodrigo Fernandez-Gonzalo, Kirsten Albracht, Joern Rittweger, Laurence Vico
Summary: Based on the European Space Agency (ESA) Science in Space Environment (SciSpacE) community White Paper Human Physiology - Musculoskeletal system, this perspective highlights unmet needs and suggests new avenues for future studies in musculoskeletal research to enable crewed exploration missions. Data collection from current space missions would provide important information to understand musculoskeletal alterations during long-term spaceflight. Understanding the kinetics and molecular mechanisms of the musculoskeletal system is crucial for addressing potential musculoskeletal problems that future exploratory-mission crew will face. Technical advances in monitoring tools are necessary for providing in-flight real-time feedback.
Article
Physiology
Mats Lilja, Marcus Moberg, William Apro, Luis Manuel Martinez-Aranda, Hakan Rundqvist, Billy Langlet, Thomas Gustafsson, Tommy R. Lundberg
Summary: We investigated the effects of ibuprofen and low-dose aspirin on muscle hypertrophy in young adults undergoing resistance training. The study found that there were no significant differences in molecular markers, muscle fiber size, ribosome biogenesis, satellite cell content, myonuclear accretion, and angiogenesis between the two groups. However, the mRNA levels of atrogin-1 and MuRF-1 were more downregulated in the low-dose aspirin group after acute exercise. These findings suggest that the previously reported deleterious effects of high doses of ibuprofen on muscle hypertrophy may not be explained by these established hypertrophy regulators.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Mirko Mandic, Lisa M. J. Eriksson, Michael Melin, Viktoria Skott, Patrik Sundblad, Thomas Gustafsson, Eric Rullman
Summary: This study investigates the contribution of central and peripheral factors to the increases in VO2max following sprint-interval training (SIT). It shows that maximal cardiac output (Qmax) is important for VO2max improvements, and the hypervolemic response plays a key role in increasing VO2max. The study also suggests that systemic O-2 extraction increases with SIT.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Eric B. Emanuelsson, Bjorn Baselet, Mieke Neefs, Sarah Baatout, Brit Proesmans, Lisa Daenen, Carl Johan Sundberg, Helene Rundqvist, Rodrigo Fernandez-Gonzalo
Summary: This study determined the nature of immune cell changes in the murine skeletal muscle following hindlimb unloading combined with an acute session of irradiation. The findings show that 14 days of hindlimb unloading induces a significant increase of myeloid immune cell infiltration in skeletal muscle.
Letter
Sport Sciences
Emma N. Hilton, Tommy R. Lundberg
