Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zane Lombard, Guida Landoure
Summary: Funding for a major genomics programme in Africa will run out this year, highlighting the importance of seizing the opportunity to address global health-related genomics inequality by leveraging the success of this initiative.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Angelo Eplite, Claudio Vicini, Giuseppe Meccariello, Giannicola Iannella, Antonino Maniaci, Angelo Cannavicci, Francesco Moretti, Fabio Facchini, Tommaso Mazzocco, Giovanni Cammaroto
Summary: This study introduces a new multi-level surgery setting for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), using 4K-3D endoscope and coblator for tongue base resectioning, and 3D exoscope for palatal treatment. The surgery was performed without complications, and it was found to be time-saving and cost-effective compared to robotic surgery.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
T. Joda, A. W. K. Yeung, K. Hung, N. U. Zitzmann, M. M. Bornstein
Summary: This essay discusses the impact of artificial intelligence on the field of dentistry, including electronic health data management, healthcare applications, and service operations. AI systems help strengthen personalized dental medicine workflows, optimizing treatment strategies and risk management.
JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ana Arias, Gumersindo Feijoo, Maria Teresa Moreira Cretus
Summary: Innovation in digitalization and low-carbon technologies are driving development in the production sector. The integration of bio-based processes into the value chain offers an alternative to fossil fuel-based production models, but requires process modeling and optimization. Artificial intelligence (AI) techniques such as machine learning and predictive modeling can be used for efficient process optimization, but require large amounts of historical data.
ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY & INNOVATION
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiwon Park, Fahrul Nurkolis, Hyunji Won, Jiye Yang, Dayeon Oh, Hyunkyung Jo, Jinwon Choi, Sanghyun Chung, Rudy Kurniawan, Bonglee Kim
Summary: Obesity is a global issue and green tea has been found to have preventive effects against obesity by decreasing lipogenesis and increasing fat oxidation and antioxidant capacity. Some natural products have shown antiobesity effects, but further research is needed to elucidate their mechanisms.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Caspar T. J. Roebroek, Gregory Duveiller, Sonia I. Seneviratne, Edouard L. Davin, Alessandro Cescatti
Summary: Carbon storage in forests serves as a critical means to prevent global warming beyond 1.5 degrees C. Nonetheless, the worldwide impact of forest management, such as harvesting, on carbon balance remains inadequately assessed. Through the integration of global forest biomass, management data, and machine learning, we reveal that a maximum of 44.1 petagrams of carbon could be added to aboveground forest biomass by reducing human intervention, given current climate conditions and CO2 concentration. This would represent a 15 to 16% increase compared to current levels, equivalent to approximately 4 years of anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Hence, without substantial emission reductions, this approach offers limited mitigation potential and preserving the forest carbon sink should primarily aim to offset ongoing carbon emissions.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
John D. Hung, Salvatore Brugaletta, James C. Spratt
Summary: Personalized medicine, particularly in cardiovascular medicine, has seen advancements through the use of health trackers and wearables. However, the integration of these technologies into routine clinical practice is often overlooked by physicians and healthcare organizations. This article discusses the potential of wearables in supporting patients in making lifestyle changes and transforming the future of cardiovascular medicine.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL SUPPLEMENTS
(2022)
News Item
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andrew Robinson
Summary: This article is a review by Andrew Robinson of five top science picks.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Gustavo Saposnik
Summary: The wide availability of social media has greatly influenced human interactions and education in various settings. Users spend a significant amount of time on social media platforms each day, which reshape their perceptions, choices, and communication. The science behind social media lies in the activation of brain reward pathways, which explains the success of platforms like TikTok. Understanding users' interests, access patterns, and screen time is crucial in advancing medical education and stroke care. New strategies utilizing engaging learning technologies and social media platforms are needed to enhance educational content delivery and provide rewarding experiences.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Matteo Giordani, Maria Assunta Meli, Carla Roselli, Michele Betti, Fabio Peruzzi, Marco Taussi, Laura Valentini, Ivan Fagiolino, Michele Mattioli
Summary: From a toxicological perspective, there is limited knowledge about the effects of highly soluble particles and fibers in water and biological environments. This study focused on natural water-soluble epsomite fibers and found that they are of inhalable size, contain significant amounts of toxic elements and surprisingly high levels of radioactive isotopes, posing potential hazards to human health.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yuka Muranaka, Asuka Mizutani, Masato Kobayashi, Koya Nakamoto, Miki Matsue, Fumika Takagi, Kenichi Okazaki, Kodai Nishi, Kana Yamazaki, Ryuichi Nishii, Naoto Shikano, Shigefumi Okamoto, Hideki Maki, Keiichi Kawai
Summary: This study evaluated the use of I-123-BMIPP to visualize fatty acid metabolism in bacteria for bacterial infection imaging. The results showed that I-123-BMIPP accumulated in Escherichia coli EC-14 and the uptake was mediated by a fatty acid transporting membrane protein. In infected mice, I-123-BMIPP showed higher contrast in infected muscle compared to non-infected muscle, indicating its potential for imaging bacterial infections.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Leslie A. Lenert, Steven Lane, Ramsey Wehbe
Summary: Prior authorization (PA) is a necessary evil in healthcare, causing physician burnout and care delays, but also preventing wasteful and ineffective care. The Health Level 7 International's (HL7's) DaVinci Project proposes using automated methods, while this article suggests using AI methods for authorization decisions. By combining electronic health data and AI methods that reflect expert judgments and are refined to prevent bias, a just and efficient process can be created. AI can simulate human appropriateness assessments, eliminating burdens while maintaining the benefits of PA.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL INFORMATICS ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Kaleb M. Naegeli, Mehmet H. Kural, Yuling Li, Juan Wang, Emmanuelle A. Hugentobler, Laura E. Niklason
Summary: Cardiovascular defects, injuries, and degenerative diseases often require surgical intervention and the use of implantable replacement materials. However, traditional grafts have limitations. Researchers are exploring avenues such as bioengineering to address these limitations.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Kadri Aavik
Summary: This article explores institutional resistance to veganism, particularly within the medical system. The study suggests that medical professionals construct the vegan body as deviant, based more on societal and political perceptions than actual bodily conditions. These experiences highlight the role of powerful institutions in resisting ethical and sustainable food practices, as well as perpetuating exploitation of animals.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Rachel Hellen Petra Schreurs, Manuela A. Joore, Hugo ten Cate, Arina J. ten Cate-Hoek
Summary: This study provides a detailed understanding of how ECS therapy is delivered in daily practice by describing major functions and variability in performances, and elicited six improvement themes from a multistakeholder perspective.
Article
Surgery
Arthur Saniotis, Maciej Henneberg
Summary: Anatomists and biological anthropologists have studied anatomical variations in ancestral and living humans, finding that these variations are not only medically important but also reflect ongoing microevolution in humans. Reduced differential mortality since the mid-19th century has led to increased variation in heritable traits, impacting musculo-skeletal anatomy and vascular anatomy.
ANZ JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Wenpeng You, Francesco M. Galassi, Elena Varotto, Maciej Henneberg
Summary: The article analyzes Genghis Khan's death from a historico-medical perspective, indicating that bubonic plague is the most likely cause. It also reflects on the impact of pandemics on leadership in ancient times as well as today.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Letter
Anatomy & Morphology
Jaliya Kumaratilake, Teghan Lucas, Maciej Henneberg
Summary: The text describes the approximate location of the 12th meridian in the hand and forearm in relation to the median artery and median nerve.
JOURNAL OF ANATOMY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Maciej Henneberg, Kara Holloway-Kew, Teghan Lucas
Summary: The key to evolution lies in reproduction, where pathogens and hosts co-evolve over time leading to a significant decline in disease prevalence among human populations.
Review
Ecology
Ryan M. Campbell, Gabriel Vinas, Maciej Henneberg, Rui Diogo
Summary: Scientific textbooks and natural history museums display reconstructions of ancient hominins, which vary in appearance possibly due to unreliable methods and misinterpretation of evidence. The dissemination of erroneous ideas about human evolution through unscientific reconstructions poses a risk that needs to be addressed.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Review
Medicine, Legal
Meghan Mckinnon, Maciej Henneberg, Denice Higgins
Summary: Identifying incinerated human remains through genetic analysis of burned bone is challenging due to factors such as low levels of exogenous DNA, dense mineralized bone, contamination, and qPCR inhibitors. Research is needed to optimize DNA recovery protocols for burned bones, as current knowledge is mostly based on ancient bone studies.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ryan M. Campbell, Gabriel Vinas, Maciej Henneberg
Summary: By comparing the nasal and maxillary regions of humans and chimpanzees, a method for predicting the nasal tip position of fossil hominids has been developed. The results show that this method is compatible with both humans and African apes, and can be reasonably extended to their ancestors.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Maciej Henneberg, Elzbieta Zadzinska
Summary: This study proposes a method for describing child growth based on small samples, and shows that fitting polynomial curves to small data samples allows for a rapid assessment of child growth in situations with rapidly changing circumstances, limited resources, and restricted access to children.
Article
Biology
Carmen De Miguel, Arthur Saniotis, Agata Cieslik, Maciej Henneberg
Summary: This study examined the brain/body growth in marsupials and compared it with placental mammals. The findings suggest that despite differences in morphology and cerebral organization, marsupials possess similar mental capacities as other mammals. This highlights the need for further research on the intellectual abilities of marsupials.
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Angela Gurr, Maciej Henneberg, Jaliya Kumaratilake, Derek Lerche, Lindsay Richards, Alan Henry Brook
Summary: The study aims to examine the oral health status of 19th-century migrant settlers in South Australia, including their dental conditions, general health influence, and comparison with samples from Australia, New Zealand, and Britain. The investigation involved non-destructive methods to analyze the dentitions of 18 adults and 22 subadults, revealing high prevalence of carious lesions, periodontal disease, and enamel hypoplastic defects. The findings indicate poor oral health among the South Australian settlers, but with some categories showing better conditions compared to other historic samples.
Article
Anthropology
Christine Adams, Timothy D. Owen, F. Donald Pate, David Bruce, Kristine Nielson, Robert Klaebe, Maciej Henneberg, Ian Moffat
Summary: This study analyzed tooth enamel and dentine samples from individuals buried in the colonial section of St Mary's Anglican Cemetery to determine their geographic origin using isotopic data. The analysis provided important information about migration and mobility in a colonial South Australian population. The results suggest that the individuals in this study had diverse geographic origins, with some potentially being born in Adelaide, Britain/Ireland, or elsewhere. These findings contribute to our understanding of the population's history and are supported by other analyses.
AUSTRALIAN ARCHAEOLOGY
(2022)
Letter
Anthropology
Arthur Saniotis, James P. Grantham, Jaliya Kumaratilake, Maciej Henneberg, Kazhaleh Mohammadi
ANTHROPOLOGIE-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMAN DIVERSITY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Meghan Mckinnon, Maciej Henneberg, Ellie Simpson, Denice Higgins
Summary: A study using Micro Computed Tomography (MicroCT) assessed the effects of heat on incinerated bovine long bones, showing changes in porosity at different temperatures. Heat-induced alterations in bone morphology may be influenced by multiple mechanisms.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Tong Cheng, Zhusheng Chen, Yibin Qin, Xiang Zhu, Hongsheng Chen, Zhongling Xu, Xiaqing Ma
Summary: Morphine is commonly used and effective for pain relief, but its side effect of itching limits its clinical use. This paper discusses the potential of using esketamine to treat morphine-induced itching.
MEDICAL HYPOTHESES
(2024)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Sung Eun Lee, Eunjung Park, Ji-yun Kim, HyukHoon Kim
Summary: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is a potential therapeutic modality that has been recognized for its favorable mechanisms in various diseases, including sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE). HBOT has neuroprotective effects through its anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects as well as increased tissue oxygenation capacity. However, there are caveats and limitations in applying HBOT in sepsis.
MEDICAL HYPOTHESES
(2024)
