Article
Mechanics
K. E. Hoque, M. Ferdows, S. Sawall, E. E. Tzirtzilakis, M. A. Xenos
Summary: Computed tomography coronary angiography image-based noninvasive virtual fractional flow reserve (vFFR) is a key factor in diagnosing coronary plaque, with both 1D and 3D hemodynamic factors being used to determine the severity of coronary main arteries lesions. The study shows that the 1D computational results can be used to predict the severity of atherosclerotic plaque in clinical procedures.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Roberta Scuoppo, Stefano Cannata, Giovanni Gentile, Caterina Gandolfo, Salvatore Pasta
Summary: This study used finite-element analysis to quantify coronary flow in a patient who underwent TAVR-in-TAVR and found that high implantation depth and device undersize of the second THV can significantly reduce coronary flow. Additionally, a positive correlation was observed between coronary flow and the valve-to-coronary distance.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Hugo L. Oliveira, Gustavo C. Buscaglia, Rodrigo R. Paz, Facundo Del Pin, Jose A. Cuminato, Monica Kerr, Sean Mckee, Iain W. Stewart, David J. Wheatley
Summary: Valvular heart diseases are major contributors to global deaths and disability. This study presents an innovative design for prosthetic aortic valves and develops a numerical model to understand their mechanical behavior and failure modes. The results show that the numerical model can accurately reproduce experimental data.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Shantanu Bailoor, Jung-Hee Seo, Stefano Schena, Rajat Mittal
Summary: Combining machine learning techniques and auscultation can effectively monitor aortic valves and improve diagnostic accuracy. The research team identified acoustic signatures of healthy and stenotic valves through numerical simulations and data analysis, providing new insights for future research on heart sound monitoring techniques.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Nanruoyi Zhou, Gentian Lluri
Summary: Our study found that right dominant coronary artery circulation is predominant in patients with BAV, similar to the general population. Interestingly, left dominance is significantly associated with the occurrence of CoA in patients with BAV.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF THE MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Nimmy Thankom Philip, B. S. Patnaik, B. J. Sudhir
Summary: This study investigates the hemodynamic and bio-mechanical changes occurring during the growth stages of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) using fluid structure interaction (FSI) studies. The results show that abnormal low wall shear stress (WSS) areas and high/low oscillatory shear index (OSI) areas increase at different rates for shorter and longer aneurysms as the diameter progresses. Drastic increase in maximum wall stresses (MWS) and wall displacement were observed as the aneurysm approaches the critical diameter. The hemodynamic predictors are highly dependent on the shape index (DHr) when the aneurysm is small, while the wall stresses are influenced significantly by DHr as the aneurysm approaches the critical diameter. Routine monitoring of shorter aneurysms (high DHr) at different growth stages is necessary to prevent unexpected rupture.
COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Respiratory System
Xinrui Ma, Bin Gao, Liang Tao, Jinli Ding, Shu Li, Aike Qiao, Yu Chang
Summary: This study investigates the effects of the height of the reconstructed aortic valve leaflets on its performance and biomechanical states using numerical methods. The results show that the height of the leaflets regulates the opening performance of the reconstructed aortic valve, and it is recommended that the height ratio of the reconstructed leaflets for adults should be less than 1.0 to balance the opening and closing performance.
JOURNAL OF THORACIC DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hyeondong Yang, Jung-Jae Kim, Yong Bae Kim, Kwang-Chun Cho, Je Hoon Oh
Summary: This study investigates the influence of hemodynamic parameters, wall shear stress (WSS) and strain, on aneurysm formation by comparing aneurysmal and non-aneurysmal arteries. The findings suggest that high WSS and strain locations in aneurysmal arteries are well-matched with the aneurysm formation site, indicating a potential relationship between these parameters and aneurysm formation mechanism.
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Sreelakshmi Sandeep, S. R. Shine
Summary: This study aims to examine the curvature effects of stenosis/dilatation region in the left coronary artery. Significant influences of non-Newtonian effects on blood viscosity and flow recirculation downstream of stenosis are found. The study also highlights the impact of wall deformation caused by flexible walls on wall shear stress and pressure drop.
COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Hee Jung Kim, Kyung-Sook Yang, Joon Bum Kim, Sung-Ho Jung, Suk Jung Choo, Cheol Hyun Chung, Jae Won Lee
Summary: In patients undergoing surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR), the development of hemodynamic valve deterioration (HVD) is a common concern. This study found that developing HVD was associated with a higher risk of death during follow-up.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biology
Pamela Franco, Julio Sotelo, Andrea Guala, Lydia Dux-Santoy, Arturo Evangelista, Jose Rodriguez-Palomares, Domingo Mery, Rodrigo Salas, Sergio Uribe
Summary: This research focuses on analyzing hemodynamic changes in BAV patients and accurately classifying healthy volunteers and patients using machine learning, identifying five potential hemodynamic biomarkers associated with the disease.
COMPUTERS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Li Cai, Yu Hao, Pengfei Ma, Guangyu Zhu, Xiaoyu Luo, Hao Gao
Summary: This paper studies the mechanics of aortic valve caused by calcification and uses a numerical model to investigate the dynamics and hemodynamic performance of the valve under normal and calcified conditions. The results show that calcification significantly affects the motion and blood flow of the valve, potentially leading to ventricular dysfunction.
MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Francesco Viola, Valentina Meschini, Roberto Verzicco
Summary: Fluid-structure-electrophysiology interaction (FSEI) is used to study the effects of aortic valve stenosis on hemodynamics, which is caused by the stiffening of valve leaflets and reduces the pumping efficiency of the heart. By gradually increasing the severity of the disease in a high-fidelity model, we observed an increase in transvalvular pressure drop and peak systolic jet velocity, as well as a reduction in cardiac ejection fraction. The stenotic aortic valve also significantly alters wall shear stresses and their distribution, potentially leading to remodeling of the ventricular myocardium. The numerical results of the multi-physics model are consistent with clinical experience, supporting the use of computational engineering in medical diagnostics.
COMPUTERS & FLUIDS
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Yu Zhang, Zixuan Liu, Yong Cheng, Zhenlin Li, Ziwei Wang, Liqing Peng, Jianying Li, Tao Shuai
Summary: The study investigates the ability of new generation snapshot freeze (NGSSF) algorithm in improving diagnostic image quality of both aortic valve and coronary arteries for transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) candidates in TAVI planning CT. The results show that NGSSF significantly improves image quality for both aortic valve and coronary arteries, enabling accurate measurement for aortic valve and satisfactory diagnostic performance for coronary artery stenosis in the same systolic phase for TAVI planning.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Nazar Kuzo, Barbara Elisabeth Stahli, Ladina Erhart, Shehab Anwer, Matthias Schindler, Julia Kebernik, Sophie Mathys, Thi Dan Linh Nguyen-Kim, Matthias Eberhard, Frank Ruschitzka, Felix Christoph Tanner
Summary: This study found that having normal coronary arteries can predict a lower 1-year mortality in patients with severe aortic stenosis undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mohammed Alreshidan, Nastaran Shahmansouri, Jennifer Chung, Vynka Lash, Alexander Emmott, Richard L. Leask, Kevin Lachapelle
JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2017)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Alexander Emmott, Haitham Alzahrani, Mohammed Alreshidan, Judith Therrien, Richard L. Leask, Kevin Lachapelle
JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2018)
Article
Polymer Science
Hanno C. Erythropel, Aurelie Bormann, Jim A. Nicell, Richard L. Leask, Milan Maric
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Scott Cooper, Alexander Emmott, Karli K. McDonald, Marc-Antoine Campeau, Richard L. Leask
Review
Polymer Science
Roya Jamarani, Hanno C. Erythropel, James A. Nicell, Richard L. Leask, Milan Maric
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wontae Lee, Nikita Kalashnikov, Stephanie Mok, Ruba Halaoui, Elena Kuzmin, Andrew J. Putnam, Shuichi Takayama, Morag Park, Luke McCaffrey, Ruogang Zhao, Richard L. Leask, Christopher Moraes
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2019)
Article
Cell Biology
Scott Cooper, Hwee Teoh, Marc Antoine Campeau, Subodh Verma, Richard L. Leask
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
(2019)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Alexander Emmott, Vanessa Hertig, Alexandre Bergeron, Louis Villeneuve, Laurence Lefebvre, Richard L. Leask, Angelino Calderone, Ismail El-Hamamsy
Summary: This study found that despite similar morphological and biomechanical properties of the pulmonary artery (PA) in patients with aortic stenosis (AS) and aortic insufficiency (AI), the differential expression of nonmuscle myosin IIB protein distinguishes the two groups. This may have implications for pulmonary autograft dilation in a subset of AI patients after the Ross procedure.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Basant M. Elsiwi, Omar Garcia-Valdez, Hanno C. Erythropel, Richard L. Leask, Jim A. Nicell, Milan Maric
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2020)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Roya Jamarani, Matthew W. Halloran, Kushal Panchal, Omar Garcia-Valdez, Roozbeh Mafi, James A. Nicell, Richard L. Leask, Milan Maric
Summary: Gas checks are visible defects on PVC films during industrial calendering, currently controlled by low film gauge and trial-and-error modifications. A series of PCL-based compounds with diester linkers and alkyl chain cappers were effective at preventing gas check defects, with higher melt viscosities playing an important role.
POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Matthew W. Halloran, Jim A. Nicell, Richard L. Leask, M. Milan
Summary: A series of glycerol-based compounds were investigated as plasticizers for flexible PVC blends, and were found to have better performance and migration behavior compared to the commercial plasticizer DOTP, showing better incorporation into the PVC matrix.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Gabrielle Godbille-Cardona, Jim A. Nicell, Milan Maric, Richard L. Leask
Summary: A new family of succinate-based plasticizers, with varying alkyl chain lengths, was evaluated for their potential use in stiff polymers. The central chain length was found to have the greatest influence on the plasticizer's performance, affecting properties such as stress at break, surface hardness, compatibility, and migration behavior. The succinate-based plasticizers showed comparable or improved properties compared to a commercial plasticizer.
JOURNAL OF VINYL & ADDITIVE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Wontae Lee, Christina-Marie Boghdady, Virginie Lelarge, Richard L. Leask, Luke McCaffrey, Christopher Moraes
Summary: Measuring internal mechanical stresses within 3D tissues is important for understanding morphogenesis and disease progression. Cell-sized hydrogel microspheres can deform within remodelling tissues and be imaged to measure internal stresses. However, ultrasoft hydrogel formulations are challenging to label with fluorescent materials for repeated measurements in optically dense tissues. Here, edge-labelled ultrasoft hydrogel microdroplets with bright and stable fluorescent nanoparticles are created for long-term experiments in cancer tumor models.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Adam Schwendt, Joey-Bahige Chammas, Milan Maric, Jim A. A. Nicell, Richard Leask, Lorraine E. E. Chalifour
Summary: Phthalate plasticizers leach out of plastics and can have detrimental effects on human and ecological health. The replacement of toxic phthalate plasticizers with alternatives, such as TOTM, DHPS, and DOS, may improve patient recovery. DHPS is a promising non-toxic biocompatible plasticizer.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jennifer Chung, Kevin Lachapelle, Raymond Cartier, Rosaire Mongrain, Richard L. Leask
CARDIOVASCULAR PATHOLOGY
(2017)