Article
Biophysics
Benjamin S. Miller, Michael R. Thomas, Matthew Banner, Jeongyun Kim, Yiyun Chen, Qingshan Wei, Derek K. Tseng, Zoltan S. Goeroecs, Aydogan M. Ozcan, Molly M. A. Stevens, Rachel A. McKendry
Summary: By developing optical methods, the sensitivity of absorption-based lateral flow tests has been improved without modifying existing assays. Five different lock-in and subtraction-based methods were compared, and a 2.0-5.4-fold improvement was achieved by exploiting the plasmonic peak of gold nanoparticles for background removal. Furthermore, the sensitivity was further improved by designing composite nanoparticles, resulting in a 58-fold improvement.
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
B. Hohermuth, M. Kramer, S. Felder, D. Valero
Summary: The research shows that bubble velocities obtained from intrusive probes have been underestimated due to bubble-probe interactions, leading to a proposed correction method. The study highlights a significant velocity bias in laboratory scale investigations, potentially affecting the extrapolation of results.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Yuankai Du, Ying Shang, Chen Wang, Jichao Yi, Maocheng Sun, Jian Yang, Yanjie Zhao, Jiasheng Ni
Summary: This paper proposes a new method of modal frequency analysis based on the dynamic pressure of pipeline flow, showing that the pressure has an exponential relationship with the flow rate. An experimental system of intrusive and non-intrusive flow measuring based on distributed acoustic sensing is designed, which demonstrates excellent exponential relationships between dynamic pressure and flow rate under different frequency bands.
Article
Thermodynamics
Yvan Arosquipa Nina, Rui Shi, Davide Wuthrich, Hubert Chanson
Summary: Self-aerated free-surface flow studies have a more recent history compared to classical fluid dynamics, and in the present study, detailed air-water flow measurements were performed in a highly turbulent free-surface flow using three velocimetry approaches. The study highlighted both advantages and limitations of the complementary metrologies in free-surface flows with strong turbulence, providing a better understanding of the physical behavior of highly turbulent multiphase flows on stepped channels.
EXPERIMENTAL THERMAL AND FLUID SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Shivan Mohammed, Lokman Abdulkareem, Gholam Hossein Roshani, Ehsan Eftekhari-Zadeh, Ezadin Haso
Summary: This study utilizes gamma-ray and electrical capacitance sensors to analyze void fraction data in multiphase flows. By combining the data from both techniques using a neural network model, more accurate results can be obtained compared to individual measurements. This hybrid measurement system represents a step towards an adaptive observation system for multiphase flow applications.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Lei Yan, Wei Tian, Jiayu Han, Zuy Li
Summary: To achieve the long-term temperature goal of the Paris Agreement and carbon neutrality, non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) is a promising approach for reducing electricity usage and carbon emissions in buildings. Existing NILM methods in literature suffer from high computational complexity and/or low accuracy. This paper introduces an event-driven Factorial Hidden Markov model (eFHMM) to address these limitations. The proposed eFHMM reduces computational complexity and improves load disaggregation accuracy using high-resolution electrical measurements. The results demonstrate that the eFHMM-TS method outperforms other methods and can be applied in practice.
Article
Optics
Pavel Psota, Gramoz Cubreli, David Simurda, Petr Sidlof, Jan Kredba, Marek Stasik, Vit Ledl
Summary: This paper introduces a new robust approach to measuring dynamic phenomena with high gradients using two-wavelength high-speed interferometry. By capturing a multiplexed interferogram with two different wavelengths and spatial-carrier frequencies in a single high-speed camera shot, the method ensures quantitative processing based on Fourier analysis and a robust procedure for retrieving the unwrapped phase map with single-wavelength accuracy and an extended range of unambiguity. This method proves to be significantly less sensitive to noise and synthetic phase distortion compared to the standard two-wavelength technique, making it suitable for studying shock waves in industrial aerodynamic experiments where other approaches fail.
OPTICS AND LASERS IN ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Mikhail S. Krakov
Summary: This study presents the results of a numerical simulation of two horizontal flows of miscible magnetic and non-magnetic fluids at low Reynolds numbers in a vertical uniform magnetic field. Four flow modes are found: the diffusion mixing mode with a flat diffusion front, the wave mode and two different plug flow modes.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yakai Lu, Zhe Tian, Xinyi Lin, Hejia Zhang, Ruoyu Zhou
Summary: This study introduces a method based on morphological components analysis to effectively disaggregate cooling load into four parts. By using non-negative dictionary learning and non-negative sparse coding algorithms, the load components can be accurately extracted. Results demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve over 85% accuracy under different weather conditions.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Optics
Jinwei Song, Junwei Min, Xun Yuan, Yuge Xue, Chen Bai, Baoli Yao
Summary: A method for quantitatively measuring the refractive index and topography of transparent samples is proposed. The method utilizes quadriwave lateral shearing interferometry to obtain quantitative phase images at different wavelengths, and uses Cauchy's dispersion formula to independently calculate the refractive indexes and physical thickness distribution of the sample. No highly dispersive medium or manual operation is required. The measured refractive indexes can identify the composition of the sample in addition to its topography. Simulation and experimental results have confirmed the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method.
OPTICS AND LASERS IN ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Sparsh Ganju, Sean C. C. Bailey, Christoph Brehm
Summary: Direct numerical simulations are used to investigate incompressible turbulent channel flow over smooth and sinusoidal roughness walls. The study examines the effects of roughness amplitude and wavelength on the flow, and finds that the interaction between the shear layer and roughness significantly influences the flow.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Chunyan Ao, Baijie Qiao, Lei Chen, Jinghui Xu, Meiru Liu, Xuefeng Chen
Summary: Dynamic strain measurement is crucial for blade vibration monitoring, and the Blade Tip Time (BTT) technique is a promising alternative to traditional strain gauge measurement. This paper introduces the L1/2-DST method for dynamic strain reconstruction based on BTT, which accurately identifies blade vibration frequency and displacement with non-intrusive characteristics. Numerical simulations and spin experiments confirm the method's ability to achieve accurate dynamic strain reconstruction and robustness against noise.
Article
Thermodynamics
Yupu Li, Aoran Fan, Yufeng Zhang, Xing Zhang
Summary: This paper investigates the foundation of Raman decoupling measurement for temperature and stress. By examining the thermoelastic model and phonon frequency shift theories, the independence of temperature and stress effects on Wurtzite GaN is verified, and the corresponding Raman shift coefficients are determined, which are consistent with the literature and confirm the measurement reliability.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2022)
Article
Optics
CHENG-LI HSIEH, HSIN-JIA HUANG, CHUN-LING CHEN, HSING-CHIH LIANG, YUNG-FU CHEN
Summary: A compact and efficient continuous wave laser with selectable wavelengths at 671 and 714 nm has been developed. The laser cavity consists of an Nd-doped and an undoped YVO4 crystal to generate the fundamental wave and the first-Stokes Raman wave. A single LBO crystal with thermal tuning achieves the phase-matching for second harmonic generation and sum frequency generation. At a pump power of 40 W, the optimal output powers at 671 and 714 nm are 4.5 and 1.8 W, respectively. This compact CW laser source has practical usefulness for laser spectroscopy and various applications.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yuyan Wu, Haimin Guo, Rui Deng, Hongwei Song
Summary: Due to the effect of gravity differentiation and the asymmetry of the space around the wellbore, the fluid flow pattern in nonvertical wells will change significantly. Water holdup is an important parameter for understanding the proportion of oil and gas. This study uses a capacitance array tool (CAT) to measure the local water holdup in oil-water two-phase flow and analyzes the response characteristics of the instrument. MATLAB software is used to interpolate the water holdup data using different interpolation algorithms. The results show that the CAT measurement has a good effect at low and medium flow rates, with different interpolation algorithms selected depending on the flow pattern and water cut conditions.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2023)