Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yunhong Zhu, Jing Jin, Xiaowei Wang, Shen Tan, Tiezhi Li, Hongfei Xu
Summary: In this article, a dual light source multiplexing fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensing system is proposed to meet the more stringent requirements for the reliability and accuracy of sensors and instrumentation in the complex space environment. The proposed system eliminates single-point failures and has the highest reliability among the five systems. The experimental results show that the proposed system achieves higher accuracy performance due to its higher wavelength resolution compared to the common commercial FBG sensing system.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Ying-Gang Nan, Junjun Pan, Fu Liu, Xuehao Hu, Patrice Megret
Summary: In this paper, a simulation method for analyzing the spectral properties of fiber Bragg gratings written in silica-based multimode graded-index fiber is described and compared with experimental spectra. The simulation accurately determines the resonance wavelengths and provides detailed reflection and transmission spectra using coupled-mode theory and modal field equations. The simulation results show good agreement with the experimental data.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Qiang Bian, Hongtian Zhu, Jianqiao Liang, Yang Yu, Peiguang Yan
Summary: A mode field matching fusion splicing method between sapphire fiber and single-mode fiber was developed to solve the multimode issue, resulting in a quasi-single mode reflection spectrum from sapphire fiber Bragg grating. By optimizing the splicing parameters, a high-order modes suppression and a higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) were achieved. The improved fusion splicing method combined with a commercial single-mode interrogator enabled real-time temperature monitoring up to 1160 degrees C.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Natalia Soares Girao, Marcia Muller, Lucia Valeria Ramos de Arruda
Summary: This paper proposes a biometric identification system based on plantar pressure, using fiber Bragg gratings to detect footprint patterns, and a support vector machine for classification. The pattern recognition system achieved a recognition rate of over 86% for 12 different stepping patterns.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Hongye Wang, Lingzhi Meng, Qi Xia, Shitai Yang, Tingting Yuan, Xiaotong Zhang, Libo Yuan
Summary: A bending sensor is proposed to convert the multichannel bending signals of multicore fiber (MCF) to single-channel signals using the phase mask method combined with the thermal diffusion technique (TDT). The sensor was fabricated using a four-core fiber (FCF) with different resonant wavelengths for each fiber core through the method of core-by-core inscribed fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs). Single-channel measurement of the 3-D parallel FCF FBGs signals was achieved by coupling the FCF with a single-mode fiber (SMF) using the TDT method. The sensor demonstrated high bending sensitivities and eliminated crosstalk caused by temperature and strain.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Optics
A. Halstuch, A. A. Ishaaya
Summary: Chirped fiber Bragg gratings (CFBGs) and arrays of fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) were fabricated using femtosecond pulses and a single uniform phase-mask (PM). The fabricated gratings demonstrated tunability in wavelength and achieved non-overlapping inscription on fresh fiber sections. The resulting gratings exhibited spectral shifts and good performance, as measured through transmission and reflection spectra.
OPTICS AND LASERS IN ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yanpeng Hao, Jikai Bi, Quan Wang, Jie Wei, Yanwen Chen, Lin Yang
Summary: This paper develops a new method to monitor arc discharge on the insulator surface and proposes three criteria to evaluate the arc situation. The results show that this method can effectively monitor both instantaneous arc and short-lived arc, which is of great significance for discharge monitoring and flashover warning of composite insulators.
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Ying-Gang Nan, Ivan Chapalo, Karima Chah, Xuehao Hu, Patrice Megret
Summary: In this study, fiber Bragg gratings were inscribed in the over-clad of CYTOP optical fiber using a phase mask technique and a 400 nm femtosecond pulsed laser. The results showed that the temperature sensitivity of CYTOP-FBGs with the over-clad depended on the relative humidity, while CYTOP-FBGs without the over-clad had a temperature sensitivity of 26.7 pm/°C.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yizhuo Li, Yilin Wang, Xingyong Li, Fengyi Chen, Ruohui Wang, Xueguang Qiao
Summary: This study proposes and designs an in-fiber Fabry-Perot interferometer for performance improvement of a fiber Bragg grating accelerometer, achieving higher sensitivity and lower detection threshold by improving the optical properties of the accelerometer.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
D. Lo Presti, A. Dimo, L. Zoboli, D. Bianchi, C. Massaroni, V. Altomare, A. Grasso, C. M. Oddo, A. Gizzi, E. Schena
Summary: This study introduces an innovative tactile probe for breast cancer identification, utilizing fiber Bragg grating (FBG) technology combined with 3D printing. The sensing unit design was optimized through analysis, fabrication, and characterization, leading to the development of a prototype integrating multiple sensing units. Promising results were obtained through tests on silicone samples with different hardness and a phantom mimicking early stage breast tumor, providing guidance for further optimization of the probe design.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Leifeng Zhang, Changle Li, Huijuan Dong, Xiaojing Liu, Tong Sun, Kenneth T. V. Grattan, Jie Zhao
Summary: Shape sensing is important for manipulating flexible needles. This study designed a 0.6 mm diameter stylet with Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) and integrated a gradient-based optimization method for shape sensing, achieving low measurement errors.
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Shaonian Ma, Yanping Xu, Yuxi Pang, Xian Zhao, Yongfu Li, Zengguang Qin, Zhaojun Liu, Ping Lu, Xiaoyi Bao
Summary: This paper reviews the importance and advantages of fiber-optic high-temperature sensors in various industries. It also introduces the recent progress in transitioning from glass to crystal fiber sensing solutions and discusses the future prospects and challenges.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
T. Blanchet, A. Morana, E. Marin, Y. Ouerdane, A. Boukenter, S. Girard
Summary: Temperature sensors based on Fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) offer advantages such as small packaging, fast acquisition rate, and accuracy for structural health monitoring in nuclear environments. Regenerated FBGs (RFBGs) derived from Type I FBGs can withstand temperatures up to 1000 degrees C, making them suitable for applications like temperature monitoring in nuclear reactor cores.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Crystallography
Qi Guo, Zhixu Jia, Xuepeng Pan, Shanren Liu, Zhennan Tian, Zhongming Zheng, Chao Chen, Guanshi Qin, Yongsen Yu
Summary: In this paper, a sapphire-derived fiber (SDF) with specific core and cladding diameters was fabricated and fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) with high reflectivity were prepared. Analysis indicated that the SDF is a graded refractive index few-mode fiber. The SDF exhibited higher temperature and strain sensitivities compared to quartz single-mode fiber, making it suitable for high-temperature sensing and high-power laser applications.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Boyuan Wang, Zhenyu Yuan, Chao Lian, Fanli Meng
Summary: Due to their small size, high sensitivity, and strong anti-interference ability, optical fiber sensors are widely used in gas detection. Concentration and humidity detection based on optical fiber sensing are important technologies in the field of gas sensing. However, the challenge lies in solving the issue of cross-sensitivity and achieving synchronous detection of concentration and humidity. This study proposes a detection method using double fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) to simultaneously measure carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration and air humidity, demonstrating high sensitivity and low crosstalk measurement.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Maria Pia Falaschetti, Francesco Rondina, Nicola Zavatta, Lisa Gragnani, Martina Gironi, Enrico Troiani, Lorenzo Donati
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2020)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Barbara Reggiani, Tommaso Pinter, Lorenzo Donati
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
B. Reggiani, L. Donati
TRANSACTIONS OF NONFERROUS METALS SOCIETY OF CHINA
(2020)
Article
Mechanics
Francesco Rondina, Lorenzo Donati
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2020)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Marco Negozio, Riccardo Pelaccia, Lorenzo Donati, Barbara Reggiani, Tommaso Pinter, Luca Tomesani
Summary: This study evaluated the accuracy and applicability of FEM predictions for charge welds in the continuous extrusion process. The experimental data collected showed good matching with numerical predictions, while theoretical formulas underestimated the extent of charge welds.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Lavanya Rani Ballam, Hamed Arab, Massimiliano Bestetti, Silvia Franz, Giulia Masi, Ramona Sola, Lorenzo Donati, Carla Martini
Summary: Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) was used on ZM21 magnesium alloys to enhance their corrosion resistance, with the PEO + powder coating double layer identified as the best-performing corrosion protection.
Article
Mechanics
Luca Raimondi, Luca Tomesani, Lorenzo Donati, Andrea Zucchelli
Summary: An innovative technological solution for manufacturing high strength and high toughness metal-composite interfaces was investigated, utilizing a 3DP printed cellular structure infiltrated by Advanced Sheet Molding Compound composite to study the effects of main geometric and processing parameters. Hybrid metal-composite joints were produced, considering the effects of fiber orientation and cell dimension as representative of key processing issues. The outcome of the infiltration process was checked on the hybrid joints before mechanical characterization of the bond, comparing with joints without cellular structures.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Nicola Zavatta, Francesco Rondina, Maria Pia Falaschetti, Lorenzo Donati
Summary: The study found that exposure of carbon fiber reinforced polymers to high temperatures can lead to permanent changes in their mechanical properties, particularly above the glass transition temperature of the resin. Even a brief exposure to operating temperatures above Tg could substantially impair the load-carrying capability of CFRP components.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Riccardo Pelaccia, Barbara Reggiani, Marco Negozio, Lorenzo Donati
Summary: Nowadays, liquid nitrogen cooling in aluminium extrusion is a widely adopted industrial practice. This study investigated the cooling effect of liquid nitrogen during the aluminium extrusion process through experiments and numerical simulations, and found a gap between traditional cooling channel design and the optimized condition.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Riccardo Pelaccia, Marco Negozio, Lorenzo Donati, Barbara Reggiani, Luca Tomesani
Summary: This study designs and manufactures H13 die inserts with helicoidally conformal channels to extrude aluminum and magnesium alloys, validating the accuracy and reliability of the model using a combination of finite element modeling and experimental data.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
(2022)
Review
Engineering, Manufacturing
Lorenzo Donati, Barbara Reggiani, Riccardo Pelaccia, Marco Negozio, Sara Di Donato
Summary: This review paper celebrates the 25th anniversary of the ESAFORM association by summarizing the research conducted by delegates of the ESAFORM conference series and published papers in the International Journal of Material Forming in the fields of extrusion and drawing. The 160 analyzed papers were categorized into four main sections (Hot Metal Extrusion, Cold Metal Extrusion, Polymer Extrusion, and Drawing) and further divided into sub-chapters to group them into specific research subjects. The aim of this review paper is to provide readers with a comprehensive overview of the investigated topics and research trends within the ESAFORM research community.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MATERIAL FORMING
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Francesco Rondina, Maria Pia Falaschetti, Nicola Zavatta, Lorenzo Donati
Summary: The crashworthiness of composites is investigated using experimental and simulation methods, with two modified damage models implemented. Characterization tests are carried out on carbon fiber-epoxy tape specimens, and notched coupons are analyzed to represent crushing conditions of composite structures. Innovative calibration procedures are introduced to simplify the calibration of the damage models. Results show that both damage models can provide adequate results when the proposed calibration strategy is used, but validation on test results is recommended to ensure mesh discretization suitability.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Maria Pia Falaschetti, Francesco Rondina, Emanuele Maccaferri, Laura Mazzocchetti, Lorenzo Donati, Andrea Zucchelli, Loris Giorgini
Summary: This study investigates the integration of rubbery nanofibers into composite laminates to improve crash performance. The results show that the nanofibers significantly increase the fracture toughness of the laminates and improve the energy absorption capacity by 8.2%.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
L. Donati, L. Tomesani
MATERIALS TODAY-PROCEEDINGS
(2019)
Proceedings Paper
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Lorenzo Donati, Antonio Segatori, Andrea Gamberoni, Barbara Reggiani, Luca Tomesani
MATERIALS TODAY-PROCEEDINGS
(2019)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Sicheng Jiao, Shixiang Wang, Minge Gao, Min Xu
Summary: This paper presents a non-contact method of thickness measurement for thin-walled rotary shell parts based on a chromatic confocal sensor. The method involves using a flip method to obtain surface profiles from both sides of the workpiece, measuring the decentration and tilt errors of the workpiece using a centering system, establishing a unified reference coordinate system, reconstructing the external and internal surface profiles, and calculating the thickness. Experimental results show that the method can accurately measure the thickness of a sapphire spherical shell workpiece and is consistent with measurements of other materials.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Rajeev Kumar, Sajal Agarwal, Sarika Pal, Alka Verma, Yogendra Kumar Prajapati
Summary: This study evaluated the performance of a CaF2-Ag-MXene-based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor at different wavelengths. The results showed that the sensor achieved the maximum sensitivity at a wavelength of 532 nm, and higher sensitivities were obtained at shorter wavelengths at the expense of detection accuracy.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Attilio Di Nisio, Gregorio Andria, Francesco Adamo, Daniel Lotano, Filippo Attivissimo
Summary: Capacitive sensing is a widely used technique for a variety of applications, including avionics. However, current industry standard Capacitive Level Sensors (CLSs) used in helicopters perform poorly in terms of sensitivity and dynamic characteristics. In this study, novel geometries were explored and three prototypes were built and tested. Experimental validation showed that the new design featuring a helicoidal slit along the external electrode of the cylindrical probe improved sensitivity, response time, and linearity.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Kai Yang, Huiqin Wang, Ke Wang, Fengchen Chen
Summary: This paper proposes an effective measurement method for dynamic compaction construction based on time series model, which enables real-time monitoring and measurement of anomalies and important construction parameters through simulating motion state transformation and running time estimation.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Hui Fu, Qinghua Song, Jixiang Gong, Liping Jiang, Zhanqiang Liu, Qiang Luan, Hongsheng Wang
Summary: An automatic detection and pixel-level quantification model based on joint Mask R-CNN and TransUNet is developed to accurately evaluate microcrack damage on the grinding surfaces of engineering ceramics. The model is effectively trained on actual micrograph image dataset using a joint training strategy. The proposed model achieves reliable automatic detection and fine segmentation of microcracks, and a skeleton-based quantification model is also proposed to provide comprehensive and precise measurements of microcrack size.
Review
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Sang Yeob Kim, Da Yun Kwon, Arum Jang, Young K. Ju, Jong-Sub Lee, Seungkwan Hong
Summary: This paper reviews the categorization and applications of UAV sensors in forensic engineering, with a focus on geotechnical, structural, and water infrastructure fields. It discusses the advantages and disadvantages of sensors with different wavelengths and addresses the challenges of current UAV technology and recommendations for further research in forensic engineering.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Anton Nunez-Seoane, Joaquin Martinez-Sanchez, Erik Rua, Pedro Arias
Summary: This article compares the use of Mobile Laser Scanners (MLS) and Aerial Laser Scanners (ALS) for digitizing the road environment and detecting road slopes. The study found that ALS data and its corresponding algorithm achieved better detection and delimitation results compared to MLS. Measuring the road from a terrestrial perspective negatively impacted the detection process, while an aerial perspective allowed for scanning of the entire slope structure.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Nur Luqman Saleh, Aduwati Sali, Raja Syamsul Azmir Raja Abdullah, Sharifah M. Syed Ahmad, Jiun Terng Liew, Fazirulhisyam Hashim, Fairuz Abdullah, Nur Emileen Abdul Rashid
Summary: This study introduces an enhanced signal processing scheme for detecting mouth-click signals used by blind individuals. By utilizing additional band-pass filtering and other steps, the detection accuracy is improved. Experimental results using artificial signal data showed a 100% success rate in detecting obstacles. The emerging concepts in this research are expected to benefit radar and sonar system applications.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Jiqiang Tang, Shengjie Qiu, Lu Zhang, Jinji Sun, Xinxiu Zhou
Summary: This paper studies the magnetic noise level of a compact high-performance magnetically shielded room (MSR) under different operational conditions and establishes a quantitative model for magnetic noise calculation. Verification experiments show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Review
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Krzysztof Bartnik, Marcin Koba, Mateusz Smietana
Summary: The demand for miniaturized sensors in the biomedical industry is increasing, and optical fiber sensors (OFSs) are gaining popularity due to their small size, flexibility, and biocompatibility. This study reviews various OFS designs tested in vivo and identifies future perspectives and challenges for OFS technology development from a user perspective.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Yue Wang, Lei Zhou, Zihao Li, Jun Wang, Xuangou Wu, Xiangjun Wang, Lei Hu
Summary: This paper presents a 3-D reconstruction method for dynamic stereo vision of metal surface based on line structured light, overcoming the limitation of the measurement range of static stereo vision. The proposed method uses joint calibration and global optimization to accurately reconstruct the 3-D coordinates of the line structured light fringe, improving the reconstruction accuracy.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Jaafar Alsalaet
Summary: Order tracking analysis is an effective tool for machinery fault diagnosis and operational modal analysis. This study presents a new formulation for the data equation of the second-generation Vold-Kalman filter, using separated cosine and sine kernels to minimize error and provide smoother envelopes. The proposed method achieves high accuracy even with small weighting factors.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Tonglei Cao, Kechen Song, Likun Xu, Hu Feng, Yunhui Yan, Jingbo Guo
Summary: This study constructs a high-resolution dataset for surface defects in ceramic tiles and addresses the scale and quantity differences in defect distribution. An improved approach is proposed by introducing a content-aware feature recombination method and a dynamic attention mechanism. Experimental results demonstrate the superior accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Qinghong Fu, Yunxi Lou, Jianghui Deng, Xin Qiu, Xianhua Chen
Summary: Measurement and quantitative characterization of aging-induced gradient properties is crucial for accurate analysis and design of asphalt pavement. This research proposes the composite specimen method to obtain asphalt binders at different depths within the mixture and uses dynamic shear rheometer tests to measure aging-induced gradient properties and reveal internal mechanisms. G* master curves are constructed to investigate gradient aging effects in a wide range. The study finds that the composite specimen method can effectively restore the boundary conditions and that it is feasible to study gradient aging characteristics within the asphalt mixture. The study also observes variations in G* and delta values and the depth range of gradient aging effects for different aging levels.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Min Li, Kai Wei, Tianhe Xu, Yali Shi, Dixing Wang
Summary: Due to the limitations of ground monitoring stations in China for the BDS, the accuracy of BDS Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) satellite orbits can be influenced. To overcome this, low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites can be used as additional monitoring stations. In this study, data from two LEO satellites were collected to improve the precise orbit determination of the BDS. By comparing the results with GPS and BDS-2/3 solutions, it was found that including the LEO satellites significantly improved the accuracy of GPS and BDS-2/3 orbits.
