Review
Environmental Sciences
Eloisa Stephanie da Silva, Maria Clara Vieira Martins Starling, Camila Costa Amorim
Summary: This manuscript critically reviews the application of LED-based photo-Fenton processes for the removal of contaminants of emerging concern from aqueous matrices. The study covers the influence of LED sources, wavelengths, and dose on the degradation of contaminants and potential applications in disinfection, abatement of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and genes. LED microreactors show high efficiency in contaminant degradation and are scalable with reduced area requirements.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Chunlei Lin, Junhui Zhou, Qianqian Lu, Mohamad Khaje Khabaz, Amirreza Karimi Andani, Mortatha Al-Yasiri, Guangyong Pan
Summary: One way to enhance thermal conduction in heating systems is to attach substances with high thermal conductivity to the base fluids. In this study, the thermal conductivity of WO3-CuO-Ag/water nanofluid is investigated and predicted using Artificial Neural Network and back-propagation algorithm. The results show that increasing the solid volume fraction and temperature leads to an increase in the thermal conductivity of the nanofluid.
MATERIALS TODAY COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Xiao Li, Bo Kuai, Bin Yu, Xikai Tu
Summary: Photosensitizer MiniSOG, a green fluorescent flavoprotein, can kill cells in a regulated manner with a specific light source. Researchers developed a homemade LED light for high-throughput cell ablation experiments.
OPTICAL AND QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Candice Bancal, Florian Salipante, Nassim Hannas, Serge Lumbroso, Etienne Cavalier, David-Paul De Brauwere
Summary: This study compared total and corrected calcium with ionized calcium and developed a machine learning algorithm to predict calcium status. The results showed that corrected calcium performed well in hypocalcemic samples, while total calcium performed better in hypercalcemic and normocalcemic samples. Corrected calcium had issues in hypoalbuminemia, acid-base disorders, renal insufficiency, hyper-phosphatemia, or inflammatory syndrome. The machine learning algorithm achieved 81% correct classifications and provided a better assessment of calcium status compared to total calcium. Ionized calcium assay should be performed if there is doubt.
CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Kunming Zheng, Qiuju Zhang, Li Peng, Shuisheng Zeng
Summary: This study proposes an adaptive memetic differential evolution-back propagation-fuzzy neural network (AMDE-BP-FNN) control method for efficient and precise control of robots with complex dynamic characteristics, while reducing control costs.
INFORMATION SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Minha Kim, Hongsub Jee, Jaehyeong Lee
Summary: In the field of printed electronics, a photo-sintering technique using intense pulsed light source has been developed to selectively heat thin films with large light absorption coefficients, achieving a lower electrical resistivity. A new system using a high-power UV-LED module offers advantages such as low power consumption and potential large-scale application.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Antti Myllynen, Seyed Ahmad Shahahmadi, Ivan Radevici, Jani Oksanen
Summary: This work demonstrates the fabrication of GaAs-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) utilizing selective-area diffusion doping from an epitaxially grown dopant source layer and the interdigitated back-contact (IBC) design. The results show that diffusion doping enables effective carrier injection, improved current spreading, and a tenfold increase in electroluminescence (EL). This study indicates that diffusion doping can be a means to fabricate structures with effective carrier injection into a uniform active region (AR).
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES
(2023)
Article
Optics
Shanrong Ke, Xiaoting Xue, Rongting Jin, Bingui Lv, Mingkai Huang, Jingxuan Sun, Meixue Chen, Yixuan Lu, Meicong Huang, Yu Yang, Xinqin Liao, Huanhua Wang, Meibin Yao, Ziquan Guo, Zhong Chen
Summary: With the rapid development of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) mini or micro light-emitting diode (LED) based displays, their potential impact on human health, particularly in terms of circadian effects, cannot be overlooked. In this study, a spectral optimization approach using a genetic algorithm is applied to mimic the emission spectra of R, G, and B LEDs and minimize or maximize circadian effects. The results could provide guidance for achieving LED displays with both high color performance and optimal circadian effects.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lidia Gaudencio Ribeiro Silva, Elizangela Pinheiro Costa, Maria Clara Vieira Martins Starling, Taiza dos Santos Azevedo, Sue Ellen Costa Bottrel, Renata Oliveira Pereira, Ananda Lima Sanson, Robson Jose Cassia Franco Afonso, Camila C. Amorim
Summary: The study evaluated the removal of endocrine disruptors and estrogenic activity in wastewater treatment plant effluent using LED irradiated photo-Fenton process. The results showed that under optimal experimental conditions, LED photo-Fenton was effective in removing endocrine disruptors and part of the estrogenic activity in the effluent.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Guangyuan Meng, Liqiang Fang, Yao Yin, Zhijie Zhang, Tong Li, Peng Chen, Yongdi Liu, Lehua Zhang
Summary: This study utilized artificial intelligence technology to enhance the electrochemical process of nitrate removal by constructing a prediction and control model using artificial neural network in machine learning. It demonstrated the potential of artificial intelligence in achieving intelligent control and reducing energy consumption.
JOURNAL OF WATER PROCESS ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Xiaorui Zhang, Frederic Otto, Markus Oeser
Summary: An ANN-based back-calculating program combined with a GA optimization algorithm was developed to back-calculate flexible pavement layer moduli. The moduli of asphaltic layers decreased with temperature and number of APT load cycles, while the unbound base layer and subgrade moduli were insensitive to temperature changes. The integrated GABP algorithm showed potential in accurately back-calculating pavement layer moduli from geophone measured deflections.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Santanu Majumdar, Partha Pratim Ray, Rajib Sahu, Arka Dey, Biswajit Dey
Summary: In this study, self-healing Cu(II) metallohydrogel scaffolds based on bovine serum albumin protein were developed for metal-semiconductor junction based Schottky diode devices. The synthesized metallohydrogel materials exhibited semiconductor properties with excellent photo-responsive behavior, as indicated by their optical and electrical properties. The devices showed nonlinear rectifying behavior characteristic of Schottky diodes under both irradiation and non-irradiation conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Xiaoshu Zhao, Haoze Lin, Huajin Chen, Hongxia Zheng, Jack Ng
Summary: Designing a monochromatic spatially-structured light field that recovers the pre-specified profile of optical force (OF) exerted on a particle is an inverse problem. Despite decades of research on OF, it is little studied due to the need for high dimensional optimization and lengthy calculations. In this work, we present the first attempt to attack this inverse design problem using the back-propagation algorithm and a machine learning framework. We provide efficient expressions of OF, which depend on polynomial and trigonometric functions, for the engineered parameters governing the structured light field. Two illustrative examples are presented, showcasing the reproduction of a predefined spatial pattern of OF and a negative longitudinal OF in a transversely trapping area.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Chen Wen, Wang Changzhi
Summary: In this study, an improved detector training algorithm is proposed, which enlarges the self training set and evaluates new samples based on noisy learning theory, and directly generates self-detectors at the locations of self samples. The experimental results show that this algorithm not only improves the time cost of detector training, but also enhances the detection accuracy.
KNOWLEDGE-BASED SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hanlyun Cho, Heonyeong Jeong, Younghwan Yang, Trevon Badloe, Junsuk Rho
Summary: This work presents metalenses designed to enhance the luminous intensity of incoherent LEDs. By designing different phase profiles, the luminous intensity at the center and within the target detection angle region is successfully enhanced.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Sicheng Jiao, Shixiang Wang, Minge Gao, Min Xu
Summary: This paper presents a non-contact method of thickness measurement for thin-walled rotary shell parts based on a chromatic confocal sensor. The method involves using a flip method to obtain surface profiles from both sides of the workpiece, measuring the decentration and tilt errors of the workpiece using a centering system, establishing a unified reference coordinate system, reconstructing the external and internal surface profiles, and calculating the thickness. Experimental results show that the method can accurately measure the thickness of a sapphire spherical shell workpiece and is consistent with measurements of other materials.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Rajeev Kumar, Sajal Agarwal, Sarika Pal, Alka Verma, Yogendra Kumar Prajapati
Summary: This study evaluated the performance of a CaF2-Ag-MXene-based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor at different wavelengths. The results showed that the sensor achieved the maximum sensitivity at a wavelength of 532 nm, and higher sensitivities were obtained at shorter wavelengths at the expense of detection accuracy.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Attilio Di Nisio, Gregorio Andria, Francesco Adamo, Daniel Lotano, Filippo Attivissimo
Summary: Capacitive sensing is a widely used technique for a variety of applications, including avionics. However, current industry standard Capacitive Level Sensors (CLSs) used in helicopters perform poorly in terms of sensitivity and dynamic characteristics. In this study, novel geometries were explored and three prototypes were built and tested. Experimental validation showed that the new design featuring a helicoidal slit along the external electrode of the cylindrical probe improved sensitivity, response time, and linearity.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Kai Yang, Huiqin Wang, Ke Wang, Fengchen Chen
Summary: This paper proposes an effective measurement method for dynamic compaction construction based on time series model, which enables real-time monitoring and measurement of anomalies and important construction parameters through simulating motion state transformation and running time estimation.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Hui Fu, Qinghua Song, Jixiang Gong, Liping Jiang, Zhanqiang Liu, Qiang Luan, Hongsheng Wang
Summary: An automatic detection and pixel-level quantification model based on joint Mask R-CNN and TransUNet is developed to accurately evaluate microcrack damage on the grinding surfaces of engineering ceramics. The model is effectively trained on actual micrograph image dataset using a joint training strategy. The proposed model achieves reliable automatic detection and fine segmentation of microcracks, and a skeleton-based quantification model is also proposed to provide comprehensive and precise measurements of microcrack size.
Review
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Sang Yeob Kim, Da Yun Kwon, Arum Jang, Young K. Ju, Jong-Sub Lee, Seungkwan Hong
Summary: This paper reviews the categorization and applications of UAV sensors in forensic engineering, with a focus on geotechnical, structural, and water infrastructure fields. It discusses the advantages and disadvantages of sensors with different wavelengths and addresses the challenges of current UAV technology and recommendations for further research in forensic engineering.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Anton Nunez-Seoane, Joaquin Martinez-Sanchez, Erik Rua, Pedro Arias
Summary: This article compares the use of Mobile Laser Scanners (MLS) and Aerial Laser Scanners (ALS) for digitizing the road environment and detecting road slopes. The study found that ALS data and its corresponding algorithm achieved better detection and delimitation results compared to MLS. Measuring the road from a terrestrial perspective negatively impacted the detection process, while an aerial perspective allowed for scanning of the entire slope structure.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Nur Luqman Saleh, Aduwati Sali, Raja Syamsul Azmir Raja Abdullah, Sharifah M. Syed Ahmad, Jiun Terng Liew, Fazirulhisyam Hashim, Fairuz Abdullah, Nur Emileen Abdul Rashid
Summary: This study introduces an enhanced signal processing scheme for detecting mouth-click signals used by blind individuals. By utilizing additional band-pass filtering and other steps, the detection accuracy is improved. Experimental results using artificial signal data showed a 100% success rate in detecting obstacles. The emerging concepts in this research are expected to benefit radar and sonar system applications.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Jiqiang Tang, Shengjie Qiu, Lu Zhang, Jinji Sun, Xinxiu Zhou
Summary: This paper studies the magnetic noise level of a compact high-performance magnetically shielded room (MSR) under different operational conditions and establishes a quantitative model for magnetic noise calculation. Verification experiments show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Review
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Krzysztof Bartnik, Marcin Koba, Mateusz Smietana
Summary: The demand for miniaturized sensors in the biomedical industry is increasing, and optical fiber sensors (OFSs) are gaining popularity due to their small size, flexibility, and biocompatibility. This study reviews various OFS designs tested in vivo and identifies future perspectives and challenges for OFS technology development from a user perspective.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Yue Wang, Lei Zhou, Zihao Li, Jun Wang, Xuangou Wu, Xiangjun Wang, Lei Hu
Summary: This paper presents a 3-D reconstruction method for dynamic stereo vision of metal surface based on line structured light, overcoming the limitation of the measurement range of static stereo vision. The proposed method uses joint calibration and global optimization to accurately reconstruct the 3-D coordinates of the line structured light fringe, improving the reconstruction accuracy.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Jaafar Alsalaet
Summary: Order tracking analysis is an effective tool for machinery fault diagnosis and operational modal analysis. This study presents a new formulation for the data equation of the second-generation Vold-Kalman filter, using separated cosine and sine kernels to minimize error and provide smoother envelopes. The proposed method achieves high accuracy even with small weighting factors.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Tonglei Cao, Kechen Song, Likun Xu, Hu Feng, Yunhui Yan, Jingbo Guo
Summary: This study constructs a high-resolution dataset for surface defects in ceramic tiles and addresses the scale and quantity differences in defect distribution. An improved approach is proposed by introducing a content-aware feature recombination method and a dynamic attention mechanism. Experimental results demonstrate the superior accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Qinghong Fu, Yunxi Lou, Jianghui Deng, Xin Qiu, Xianhua Chen
Summary: Measurement and quantitative characterization of aging-induced gradient properties is crucial for accurate analysis and design of asphalt pavement. This research proposes the composite specimen method to obtain asphalt binders at different depths within the mixture and uses dynamic shear rheometer tests to measure aging-induced gradient properties and reveal internal mechanisms. G* master curves are constructed to investigate gradient aging effects in a wide range. The study finds that the composite specimen method can effectively restore the boundary conditions and that it is feasible to study gradient aging characteristics within the asphalt mixture. The study also observes variations in G* and delta values and the depth range of gradient aging effects for different aging levels.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Min Li, Kai Wei, Tianhe Xu, Yali Shi, Dixing Wang
Summary: Due to the limitations of ground monitoring stations in China for the BDS, the accuracy of BDS Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) satellite orbits can be influenced. To overcome this, low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites can be used as additional monitoring stations. In this study, data from two LEO satellites were collected to improve the precise orbit determination of the BDS. By comparing the results with GPS and BDS-2/3 solutions, it was found that including the LEO satellites significantly improved the accuracy of GPS and BDS-2/3 orbits.