Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrea Piccioni, Federico Rosa, Federica Manca, Giulia Pignataro, Christian Zanza, Gabriele Savioli, Marcello Covino, Veronica Ojetti, Antonio Gasbarrini, Francesco Franceschi, Marcello Candelli
Summary: The composition of the human microbiome plays a crucial role in health, and alterations in the microbiota can lead to Clostridium difficile infection.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Ryan M. Hanson, Amy J. Wagner
Summary: Severe, complicated Clostridium difficile colitis is rare in pediatric patients and little is known about its medical and surgical management in this population. A case report of a 15-year-old female patient with severe, complicated C difficile colitis successfully treated with diverting loop ileostomy and colonic lavage is presented. This approach, instead of subtotal colectomy and end ileostomy, should be considered as an alternative for pediatric patients with severe, complicated C difficile colitis.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Ibrahim A. Al-Zahrani
Summary: Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) infection is a global threat to many healthcare settings. Excessive use of antimicrobials, lack of optimal antibiotic policies, and suboptimal infection control practices have fueled the development of this health issue. Prudent use of antimicrobials and simple infection control measures can significantly reduce infection rates.
SAUDI MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Lucile Garrigues, Thuy Duong Do, Carine Bideaux, Stephane E. Guillouet, Isabelle Meynial-Salles
Summary: Tetanus vaccination is crucial for public health globally. However, the current method of producing tetanus toxin using complex media derived from animal sources introduces variability. Studies are exploring the use of chemically defined media to replace complex sources without affecting toxin titers.
BIOTECHNOLOGY ADVANCES
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Meng Wang, Zifeng Deng, Yanmei Li, Yi Ma, Jufang Wang
Summary: A novel lytic protein Cw1-CWB2 with high binding specificity and strong lytic activity has been designed in this study for combating C. difficile.
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ashleigh S. Paparella, Briana L. Aboulache, Rajesh K. Harijan, Kathryn S. Potts, Peter C. Tyler, Vern L. Schramm
Summary: Clostridium difficile produces toxins TcdA and TcdB causing diarrhea by affecting host cell functions using UDP-glucose, leading to disease onset. Researchers identified potential therapeutic approach using transition state analogue iminosugars.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Rehabilitation
Justin Weppner, Joelle Gabet, Mark Linsenmeyer, Mohamed Yassin, Gary Galang
Summary: The study found the presence of C difficile spores in an acute rehabilitation environment and showed that proper disinfection methods can effectively reduce the risk of infection. It is important to sporicidally disinfect surfaces such as beds and wheelchairs to decrease the rates of C difficile infection.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE & REHABILITATION
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Alexis Hess, Saskya Byerly, Emily Lenart, Cory Evans, Andrew Kerwin, Dina Filiberto
Summary: This study aimed to identify predictors of Clostridium Difficile Infection (CDI) in general surgery patients. Patients who underwent general surgery operations were analyzed, and it was found that older age, emergent operation, increased time to operation, infections at surgical sites, deep organ space infections, steroid use, metastatic cancer, smoking, and decreased body mass index (BMI) were independent predictors of CDI.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jihua Zhai, Ian T. Burke, William M. Mayes, Douglas I. Stewart
Summary: Biomass combustion is a more sustainable way to generate electricity, with different plant classifications having varying effects on the elemental composition of the ashes produced. Hardwood and softwood ashes differ in calcium content, while eudicot and grass straw ashes differ in element composition as well. Herbaceous feedstocks produce more ash and have lower ash deformation temperatures compared to woody feedstocks.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mao Hagihara, Tadashi Ariyoshi, Yasutoshi Kuroki, Shuhei Eguchi, Seiya Higashi, Takeshi Mori, Tsunemasa Nonogaki, Kenta Iwasaki, Makoto Yamashita, Nobuhiro Asai, Yusuke Koizumi, Kentaro Oka, Motomichi Takahashi, Yuka Yamagishi, Hiroshige Mikamo
Summary: CBM 588 enhances the antibacterial activity against C. difficile, reduces colon epithelial damage, and improves immunity through upregulating pathogen specific immunoglobulin A and enhancing gut epithelial barrier function to protect colon tissue from CDI.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Siqi Wang, Leyang Xiang, Fang li, Wenlin Deng, Pinjing Lv, Ye Chen
Summary: This study found that levels of fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), particularly butyrate, are reduced, and normal colon structure is damaged in patients with CDI compared with those in healthy individuals. Bile acid (BA) metabolic disorder in patients with CDI is characterized by increased primary BA levels and decreased secondary BAs. Butyrate treatment may serve as a novel therapeutic approach for patients with CDI.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Tina Baur, Peter Duerre
Summary: This study investigated the morphological and metabolic features of two less researched strains, Anaerotignum propionicum and Anaerotignum neopropionicum. Results showed that both strains can oxidize ethanol and produce propionate, with A. neopropionicum exhibiting a higher yield. Additionally, A. neopropionicum was able to produce propionate from lignocellulosic-derived substrates.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Anqi Jin, Tony Chien, Qiwen Huang, Pragati Kenkare, Mai Vu, Sandra Wilson, Edward S. Huang
Summary: The study found that cholecystectomy is associated with a slightly increased risk of incident CDI, but this effect is not influenced by the use of proton pump inhibitors, antibiotics, or hospitalization.
DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Malin Inghammar, Henrik Svanstrom, Marianne Voldstedlund, Mads Melbye, Anders Hviid, Kare Molbak, Bjorn Pasternak
Summary: In a nationwide study among adults in Denmark, it was found that the use of PPIs is associated with a moderately increased risk of community-associated Clostridium difficile infection. The elevated risk remained up to 1 year after the end of PPI treatment.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Maria Kulecka, Edyta Waker, Filip Ambrozkiewicz, Agnieszka Paziewska, Karolina Skubisz, Patrycja Cybula, Lukasz Targonski, Michal Mikula, Jan Walewski, Jerzy Ostrowski
Summary: Our study revealed that the presence of specific genes related to carbon metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation increased the risk of infection recurrence. More core genes were found to be under positive selective pressure in recurrent disease isolates, mainly associated with amino acid metabolism. Prophage elements were more prevalent in single infection isolates, while plasmids did not influence the odds of recurrence.
