Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Prem N. Patel, Parth A. Patel, Matthew R. Land, Ibrahim Bakerkhatib-Taha, Harris Ahmed, Veeral Sheth
Summary: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common cause of vision loss in elderly individuals. The pathophysiology of dry AMD is associated with key proteins in the complement cascade, providing potential therapeutic targets. Early intervention may prevent disease progression.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Savalan Babapoor- Farrokhran, Yu Qin, Miguel Flores- Bellver, Yueqi Niu, Imran A. Bhutto, Silvia Aparicio- Domingo, Chuanyu Guo, Murilo Rodrigues, Timothy Domashevich, Monika Deshpande, Haley Megarity, Rakesh Chopde, Charles G. Eberhart, Valeria Canto- Soler, Silvia Montaner, Akrit Sodhi
Summary: This study provides evidence that oxidative stress and hypoxia synergistically stimulate the accumulation of hypoxia-inducible factor in the retinal pigment epithelium, leading to the development of choroidal neovascularization in age-related macular degeneration patients. Adequate hypoxia-inducible factor expression is crucial for the protection of photoreceptors.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yasmine Derradji, Agata Mosinska, Stefanos Apostolopoulos, Carlos Ciller, Sandro De Zanet, Irmela Mantel
Summary: The study developed a fully automated algorithm for segmenting RORA in dry AMD on macular OCT, which achieved performance matching human experts using 62 SD-OCT scans.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Niloofar Piri, Henry J. Kaplan
Summary: AMD is a progressive degenerative disease that severely affects central vision in people over age 50, impacting their ability to read, write, drive, and recognize faces. The disease is complex and multifactorial, involving age, genetics, and environmental factors. The role of complement system in the development of AMD is reviewed. Understanding the pathophysiology of AMD and its risk factors is crucial for drug discovery.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jonathan B. Lin, Stylianos Serghiou, Joan W. Miller, Demetrios G. Vavvas
Summary: Complement dysregulation is observed in early/intermediate nonexudative AMD, but not in patients with geographic atrophy. These findings provide insights into the mechanism of AMD and inform future clinical trials.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
John T. Demirs, Junzheng Yang, Maura A. Crowley, Michael Twarog, Omar Delgado, Yubin Qiu, Stephen Poor, Dennis S. Rice, Thaddeus P. Dryja, Karen Anderson, Sha-Mei Liao
Summary: The dysregulation of the alternative complement pathway is a major pathogenic mechanism in age-related macular degeneration. Complement mRNA and protein expression levels were found to be significantly higher in macular retinal pigment epithelium/choroid tissue than in the neural retina, regardless of AMD grade status. The study suggests that the RPE/choroid is the primary site for complement inhibition to treat geographic atrophy or earlier stages of the disease.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ana Rita Fernandes, Aleksandra Zielinska, Elena Sanchez-Lopez, Tiago dos Santos, Maria Luisa Garcia, Amelia M. Silva, Jacek Karczewski, Eliana B. Souto
Summary: This review discusses the latest developments in treatment options for age-related macular degeneration (AMD), including pharmacologic therapies and laser treatments for exudative AMD. However, there are still no successful treatments for nonexudative AMD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Cheryl N. Fonteh, Alan G. Palestine, Brandie D. Wagner, Jennifer L. Patnaik, Marc T. Mathias, Niranjan Manoharan, Naresh Mandava, Rebecca Baldermann, Talisa De Carlo, Anne M. Lynch
Summary: A study found lower levels of RANTES in patients with GA AMD compared to controls. However, there was no statistical difference between male and female GA patients when moderated by sex.
TRANSLATIONAL VISION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Riccardo Sacconi, Giovanna Vella, Marco Battista, Enrico Borrelli, Siva Balasubramanian, Lea Querques, Francesco Bandello, Giuseppe Querques
Summary: This study investigated choroidal luminal and interstitial stromal alterations using CVI among different cohorts of dAMD compared to healthy subjects. Results showed different impairments in choroidal vascular and stromal components among the cohorts, reflecting varying degrees of AMD severity. CVI provides insights for better understanding the pathogenesis of AMD.
TRANSLATIONAL VISION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Sanjeeb Bhandari, Susan Vitale, Elvira Agron, Traci E. Clemons, Emily Y. Chew
Summary: A prospective cohort study within the AREDS2 trial evaluated the risk of late AMD development after cataract surgery, and found that cataract surgery did not increase the risk of late AMD among participants with up to 10 years of follow-up.
Article
Ophthalmology
Akitaka Tsujikawa, Kanji Takahashi, Ryo Obata, Tomohiro Iida, Yasuo Yanagi, Hideki Koizumi, Hidetoshi Yamashita, Fumio Shiraga, Taiji Sakamoto
Summary: The study on dry age-related macular degeneration in Japan revealed that the condition tends to affect more men and older individuals, with a high prevalence of reticular pseudodrusen and bilateral involvement.
JAPANESE JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Ophthalmology
Raziyeh Mahmoudzadeh, John W. Hinkle, Jason Hsu, Sunir J. Garg
Summary: The review outlines therapeutic research programs for geographic atrophy (GA) due to age-related macular degeneration (AMD), with a focus on clinical trial data from phase I, II, and III studies. Despite the lack of current treatments for GA, there are promising new therapies being developed that aim to delay or potentially reverse the damage caused by the disease.
CURRENT OPINION IN OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Eleonora Corbelli, Riccardo Sacconi, Marco Battista, Daniela Bacherini, Alexandra Miere, Enrico Borrelli, Eliana Costanzo, Giovanna Vella, Mariacristina Parravano, Lucia Ziccardi, Andrea Sodi, Stanislao Rizzo, Eric H. Souied, Francesco Bandello, Giuseppe Querques
Summary: This study compared macular atrophy (MA) secondary to age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and Stargardt disease (STGD) using the choroidal vascularity index (CVI). The results showed that choroidal thickness was lower in AMD patients compared to STGD patients, while total choroidal area was greater in STGD patients compared to AMD patients. Interestingly, CVI was significantly lower in AMD patients compared to STGD patients, and this difference was confirmed in the subgroup of patients over 50 years old.
GRAEFES ARCHIVE FOR CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Ophthalmology
Eleonora M. Lad, Robert P. Finger, Robyn Guymer
Summary: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a progressive eye disease that causes vision loss. It is difficult to predict the progression of the disease and identify those at highest risk. Biomarkers, such as structural and functional changes in the eye, as well as genetic and blood markers, may help in assessing the risk and monitoring the disease. Artificial intelligence methods are being explored to evaluate these biomarkers. However, more research is needed to establish the most promising biomarkers and utilize artificial intelligence effectively. A multimodal approach combining different biomarkers may be the most accurate way to monitor and predict future progression. Improving the vision outcomes for people with AMD is crucial, making this area of research highly significant.
OPHTHALMOLOGY AND THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wei Wei, Joshua Southern, Kexuan Zhu, Yefeng Li, Maria Francesca Cordeiro, Kirill Veselkov
Summary: In this study, a deep learning method using optical coherence tomography (OCT) analysis was developed to automatically detect and quantify six main clinically relevant atrophic features associated with macular atrophy (MA) in patients with wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The method achieved high accuracy and sensitivity in predicting these features, making it valuable for early diagnosis and identification of MA progression in wet AMD patients.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)