Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shengjian Jiao, Ran Pang, Shangwei Wang, Haiyan Wu, Tao Tan, Su Zhang, Lihong Jiang, Da Li, Chengyu Li, Hongjie Zhang
Summary: In recent years, near-infrared phosphor converted light-emitting diodes have gained extensive attention. A novel near-infrared phosphor Sr2P2O7:Cr(3+) is developed with excellent near-infrared emissions and good temperature sensitivity, making it a promising luminescence thermometer. This study provides a practical and effective strategy to explore and optimize more Cr3+-doped near-infrared phosphors in a simple way.
MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tatyana B. Bekker, Alexey A. Ryadun, Alexey V. Davydov, Vladimir P. Solntsev, Veronika D. Grigorieva
Summary: Single crystals of undoped and rare-earth-doped Ba-12(BO3)(6)[BO3][LiF4] were grown from high-temperature solutions. The luminescence of these crystals at specific excitation wavelengths shows potential for converting LED emissions into white light.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Do-Hyun Kim, Hyeran Cho, Myeung-jin Lee, Hong-Dae Kim, Dong-Jin Lee, Gyu Tae Kim
Summary: This study reports a method to extract highly crystalline tiny In2O3 QDs from In2O3 powder that exceeds the size range of QDs. Through a series of filtration processes, the QDs were successfully obtained and exhibited significant absorption and photoluminescence in the ultraviolet region. Moreover, the addition of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate greatly enhanced the luminescent intensity of the QDs, paving the way for obtaining highly luminescent tiny QDs from other semiconducting powders.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2022)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Lu Yang, Shili Gai, He Ding, Dan Yang, Lili Feng, Piaoping Yang
Summary: Persistent luminescence (PL) is a unique optical phenomenon that exhibits long-lasting afterglow emissions, making it highly promising for various applications. However, there is a lack of comprehensive literature review on inorganic persistent phosphors to aid researchers in optimizing the PL performance. In this work, the authors provide a review on the criteria for dopant and host selection, afterglow intensity, and multi-color modulation methods of inorganic persistent phosphors. They also discuss PL imaging and multimodal imaging using X-ray, light emitting diode (LED), ultraviolet (UV), and near-infrared (NIR) excitation. This review serves as a guideline for the design, synthesis, and optimization of optical performance of persistent materials in the future.
ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Kamila Zhumanova, Nursalim Akhmetzhanov, Moon Sung Kang, Anara Molkenova, Iruthayapandi Selestin Raja, Ki Su Kim, Dong-Wook Han, Timur Sh. Atabaev
Summary: In this study, it was found that the luminescent properties of terbium-doped silica nanoparticles can be improved through barium codoping, with a significant increase in quantum yield. This method has the potential to enhance the optical characteristics of silica-based nanoparticles.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Bui The Huy, Dae Hyun Kwon, Seong-Soo Lee, Van-Duong Dao, Hai Bang Truong, Yong-Ill Lee
Summary: The study presented the preparation and application of Sr2YF7 (SYF) doped with Yb3+, Er3+, and Eu3+ ions as a component of the working electrode for solar cells, exhibiting strong optical properties and color emission performance.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Taro Yamauchi, Manabu Hagiwara, Shinobu Fujihara
Summary: Two types of trivalent lanthanide ions were doped into cubic perovskite-type BaSnO3, with La3+ as the electron donor and luminescent Ln(3+) ions as the second dopant. Sm3+ exhibited strong photoluminescence and the effects on optical and electrical properties were studied by varying La3+ and Sm3+ contents. Changes in PL intensity and electrical resistivity were observed based on the concentrations of La3+ and Sm3+.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shichao Lv, Junzhou Tang, Junfeng Chen, Pei Liu, Junpeng Guo, Yan Ma, Jianrong Qiu, Shifeng Zhou
Summary: An efficient scintillating fiber with superior radiation blocking ability is fabricated using a template solidification strategy. The fiber can effectively attenuate radiation and is compatible with commercial fiber.
ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES
(2021)
Review
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Wu Zhang, Haizeng Li, Eric Hopmann, Abdulhakem Y. Elezzabi
Summary: Electrochromism, an emerging energy conversion technology, is facing the major challenge of slow switching speed, especially in inorganic materials. Efficient design of nanostructured electrochromic materials is essential to achieve rapid switching speed and enhance their performance in real-world applications.
Review
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Wu Zhang, Haizeng Li, Eric Hopmann, Abdulhalcem Y. Elezzabi
Summary: Electrochromism is a promising energy conversion technology with diverse applications, but the major challenge lies in the slow switching speed in inorganic materials. Efficient design of nanostructured electrochromic materials is crucial for achieving rapid switching speeds. Various classification and synthesis methods for electrochromic materials were discussed in the review, along with outlining challenges and prospects for high-performance nanostructured electrochromic materials.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Rajashree Panda, Mitrabhanu Behera, R. Arun Kumar, Dhananjay Joshi, R. K. Padhi
Summary: A set of red-emitting phosphor materials were synthesized for the first time through microwave-assisted combustion synthesis. The crystal structures, phase purity, and luminescent behavior of the prepared phosphors were thoroughly investigated. The results show that the synthesized phosphor materials have potential applications in wLED, display technology, and other fields.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Zhen Liu, Jiangbo She, Bo Peng
Summary: The optical and thermal properties of erbium-doped fluoroindate glass were investigated, showing strong emission at 2.7mm with longer fluorescence lifetime and larger emission cross-section. It indicates that fluoroindate glass is an attractive host for mid-infrared lasers.
JOURNAL OF RARE EARTHS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Martina Casciotti, Guillermo Romo-Islas, Maria Alvarez, Francisco Molina, Jose Maria Munoz-Molina, Tomas R. Belderrain, Laura Rodriguez
Summary: This paper reports the synthesis and characterization of two dinuclear and five tetranuclear gold(I) complexes. The tetranuclear gold(I) complexes were obtained by reacting the dinuclear complexes with Ag salts, resulting in different terminal ancillary ligands and counter ions. The structures of the complexes were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies, and aurophilic interactions were observed in some of the complexes. The application of these gold(I) complexes as catalysts in a heteroarylation reaction was investigated, and the progress of the catalytic reaction was tracked using luminescence techniques.
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Huidong Tang, Longzhu Li, Rong Yang, Yuwei Chen, Hyo Jin Seo
Summary: In this study, Eu2+/Ga3+ co-doped Na2ZrSi2O7 phosphors were prepared using a simple solid-state reaction route, and their structural characteristics, photoluminescence spectra, and application performances were investigated. The results showed that co-doping improved the luminescence efficiency of the Eu2+ activator and increased the maximum luminescence absolute quantum efficiency, with good thermal stability observed.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Nikoletta Laczai, Laszlo Kovacs, Laura Kocsor, Laszlo Bencs
Summary: The synthesis and characterization of polycrystalline cerium-doped Y2SiO5 and lutetium yttrium oxyorthosilicate scintillator materials were studied. The concentration of LiF flux and cerium content affect particle size and photoluminescence intensity of the host crystal, with increasing Ce content leading to a redshift in PL emission spectra.
MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Pooja Kumari, Raj Kumar Das, Bonamali Pal
Summary: Metal ion impregnated Bi2O3 heterostructures show significantly higher photocatalytic degradation efficiencies for Naproxen and dye fuchsin blue, compared to pure Bi2O3, due to enhanced activity and simpler synthesis.
MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Samriti Thakur, Satnam Singh, Bonamali Pal
Summary: 3D succulent shaped CaO nano flowers were synthesized from dumped egg shells, showing excellent adsorption activity for oil remediation and catalytic activity for aldol condensation. The nano flowers with high surface area availability exhibited higher catalytic activity for chalcone production.
ADVANCED POWDER TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Pooja Kumari, Bonamali Pal, Raj Kumar Das
Summary: Bi2O3 loaded Zn-Al layer double hydroxide (LDH) heterostructures have been investigated as potential adsorbents for DCF removal, showing high adsorption capacity and surface area. These materials could act as efficient adsorbents for the removal of DCF and other pollutants from wastewater due to their high adsorption capacities, low cost and easy removal process.
APPLIED CLAY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Samriti Thakur, Devanshi Tinna, Bonamali Pal
Summary: MnO2 with different morphologies was used for photooxidation of methylene blue dye and reduction of nitrobenzene, showing versatile photoactivity due to its surface and crystal structural morphologies. Characterization of prepared materials was done using various techniques, revealing that changes in shape, size, and surface ligand exposure affect the absorption peaks. Some morphologies of MnO2 exhibited superior photocatalytic performance.
BULLETIN OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Pooja Kumari, Raj Kumar Das, Bonamali Pal
Summary: This study explores the use of anion impregnated composites as photocatalysts for the degradation of diclofenac sodium, showing improved efficiency and larger specific surface area. The anions act as efficient electron scavengers, suppressing electron-hole pair recombination and enhancing photocatalytic activity. Overall, the anion loaded derivatives demonstrate potential as a cost-effective and efficient solution for eliminating diclofenac sodium from wastewater.
JOURNAL OF THE TAIWAN INSTITUTE OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Harpreet Kaur, Satnam Singh, Bonamali Pal
Summary: Layered double hydroxides loaded with g-C3N4 composites showed higher adsorption capacity for both anionic and cationic model pollutants compared to bare LDH. The adsorption capacity varied for different pollutants with the increase in the weight percentage of g-C3N4, indicating a selective adsorption effect depending on the type of pollutant.
KOREAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Sakshi Bhardwaj, Bonamali Pal
Summary: This study focuses on the impact of different oxidation states of impregnated Crn+ ionic species on the TiO2 surface. The resulting Crn+-TiO2 nanocomposites showed enhanced optical response, charge carrier relaxation dynamics, adsorption, and photocatalytic behavior in correlation with variable oxidation states. The observed photoactivity of these nanocatalysts in the photooxidation of aspirin and paracetamol drugs was attributed to the different chemical nature of substrate molecules, the effects of catalyst oxidation state, and catalyst-substrate associations.
MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Manjusha Passi, Bonamali Pal
Summary: This review summarizes various synthesis methods, structural properties, modification strategies, and applications of calcium titanate nanomaterials in environmental and energy fields, aiming to provide useful information for specialists dealing with calcium titanate.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Manpreet Kaur Aulakh, Bonamali Pal
Summary: Solar irradiated plasmonic Ag-TiO2 (P25) nanocomposites showed higher efficiency in reducing nitroaromatics compared to bare TiO2, with the focus on the impact of photodeposition time on the photocatalytic activity and characteristics of deposited Ag nanoparticles on the titania surface.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Manpreet Kaur Aulakh, Jyotsna Dua, Bonamali Pal
Summary: In this study, photo-responsive ZnS nanostructures were synthesized using MPA and PVP as capping agents, showing enhanced photocatalytic activity towards crystal violet degradation under UV light. Structural analysis and FT-IR studies were used to determine the effects of capping agents and the formation of nanostructures. The unique optical properties, effective charge separation, and higher surface area of ZnSM1 contributed to its outstanding activity in degrading organic pollutants beyond the UV region.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Manpreet K. Aulakh, Harpreet Kaur, Mehak Bansal, Bonamali Pal, Satnam Singh
Summary: This study describes a method of extracting and characterizing hardness causing materials (HCM) from boiling tap water through distillation. The analysis reveals that the residue obtained after calcination mainly consists of calcium carbonate at room temperature and decomposes to CaO at 900 degrees C. The adsorption experiments demonstrate that Mn7+ has the highest efficiency on the negatively charged surface of HCM-900 degrees C.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jemini, Satnam Singh, Bonamali Pal
Summary: This study prepared and characterized monoclinic tungsten trioxide-loaded ZnCr layered double hydroxide composites, which exhibited high photocatalytic performance and potential application in the treatment of wastewater contaminated with antibiotics like Tetracycline.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shreya Sharma, Niranjan Das, Bonamali Pal
Summary: This study prepared novel soy protein isolate (SPI)-based bionanocomposite films by incorporating different loadings (0%, 2%, 5%, and 9% w/w) of Mg-Al Layered double hydroxide (LDH) using a simple solution casting process. The intercalation/exfoliation of Mg-Al LDH sheets in the SPI matrix of bionanocomposite films was confirmed through FTIR, XRD, scanning electron microscopy, and TGA analysis. The bionanocomposite films demonstrated good thermal stability, and their mechanical and biodegradation properties were also investigated. The SPI-Mg/Al LDH 5% film exhibited a significant increase in tensile strength and efficient degradation in non-sterile soil.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Davinder Kaur, Karanveer Singh, William T. T. Reynolds Jr, Bonamali Pal
Summary: Graphene oxide (GO) is a promising material in photocatalysis, adsorption, and energy storage due to its high surface area and unique layered structure. Anthracite coal is an attractive precursor for GO because it provides high concentration of sp(2) carbon, resulting in high conductivity and absorbance in the visible region. GO-TiO2 nanocomposites were prepared to enhance photocatalytic activity by facilitating electron transmission from TiO2 to GO, and Ag nanoparticles were coated on TiO2 to further boost activity.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mehak Bansal, Bonamali Pal
Summary: Starch modified NiFe-layered double hydroxide composites were synthesized and used as catalysts for the adsorption and degradation of textile dyes and non-steroidal drugs in wastewater. The composites showed remarkable ability in removing reactive dyes and exhibited high absorption capacity and photocatalytic degradation efficiency. This study highlights the potential of nanocomposites for wastewater treatment.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
A. Aly, M. Ghali, A. Osman, M. K. El Nimr
Summary: This study reports the discovery of naturally occurring luminescent graphene quantum dots (GQDs) in coconut water for the first time. The GQDs were identified through various measurements and were found to have dual sizes and emit different wavelengths of light. The GQDs were also utilized as an efficient optical sensor for aniline liquid detection.
MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zehua Chen, Wencheng Ma, Qinglu Fan, Yanhua Liu, Min Sun, Shuo Wang
Summary: The nanoscale e-VOPO4 materials were successfully prepared by hydrothermal synthesis and calcination, showing high purity and suitable particle size. It exhibited satisfactory electrochemical performance as cathode material for sodium ion batteries, making it a potential candidate for high energy storage systems.
MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Tao Liu, Yahui Liu, Le Ling, Zhongxi Sheng, Zao Yi, Zigang Zhou, Yongjia Yang, Bin Tang, Qingdong Zeng, Tangyou Sun
Summary: In this paper, a terahertz (THz) micronano device that can switch between bimodal absorption and plasmon-induced transparency (PIT) is proposed. The device consists of layers of graphene, silica, and vanadium dioxide, and has a simple structure, easy tuning, and wide-angle absorption. The device achieves perfect absorption at specific frequencies and is highly sensitive to environmental refractive index. It also has the functions of a three-frequency asynchronous optical switch and slow light effect.
MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xiaobo Luo, Songhan Hu, Qiudong Duan, Dacheng Zhou, Jialin Chen, Yugeng Wen, Jianbei Qiu
Summary: The exploration of solar light absorption by a material is important in photonics and optoelectronics. This study reveals the potential of Ba3-xGa2O6:xBi3+ as a promising candidate for various photonic and optoelectronic applications, and demonstrates the use of the material in double-sided laser printing for three-dimensional optical imaging.
MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hemin Wang, Yanling Hao, Lele Xiang, Xiaosi Qi, Lei Wang, Junfei Ding, Yunpeng Qu, Jing Xu, Wei Zhong
Summary: This study designed Fe3O4-FeCO3/MWCNTs/RGO MCNCs composites and fabricated large-scale samples using hydrothermal and freeze-drying methods. The microstructural investigation showed that these materials had a mixed-dimensional structure, which improved impedance matching features, polarization, and conduction loss abilities, leading to significantly enhanced electromagnetic absorption properties.
MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhenshan Yu, Hao Chen, Xuequan Chen, Yu-Sheng Lin
Summary: This study presents a silicon dielectric metamaterial (SDM) composed of two outer symmetric semi-circular rings and two inner symmetric split-ring resonators (SRRs). The electromagnetic responses of the SDM device in different modes were studied through numerical simulations and experiments. Increasing the structure height of the SDM device resulted in red-shifted resonances and stronger intensities. This study provides a new design strategy for the development of frequency filtering, polarization switching, and resonance modulation characteristics in THz-wave applications.
MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yiming Qi, Na Zhang, Meng Zong, Yangxianzi Liu, Weixing Chen
Summary: This study prepares dielectric/carbon fiber based nanocomposites wave-absorbing materials using liquid diffusion and high temperature carbonization strategies. By tuning the element type, drying mode, and filling amount, the electromagnetic parameters and absorbing properties can be adjusted. The best synthesized sample shows excellent absorbing performance, making it suitable for a wide range of electromagnetic wave absorption applications.
MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Carlos D. Gonzales-Lorenzo, T. K. Gundu Rao, Alberto A. Ccollque-Quispe, Jorge Ayala-Arenas, Monise B. Gomes, Betzabel N. Silva-Carrera, Roseli F. Gennari, Valeria S. Pachas, F. Monzon-Macedo, H. Loro, Jose F. D. Chubaci, Nilo F. Cano, Rene R. Rocca, Shigueo Watanabe
Summary: In this study, CaSiO3 doped with different ppm of Eu was synthesized using the devitrification method. Various physical properties were analyzed, revealing that the intensity and temperature of the high-temperature TL peak increased with higher dopant amounts. Fluorescence measurements indicated the presence of Eu2+ and Eu3+ ions in the samples. EPR spectra confirmed the existence of two defect centers.
MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yanning Qu, Xinyang Li, Mei Cui, Renliang Huang, Wanquan Ma, Yunting Wang, Rongxin Su, Wei Qi
Summary: In this study, a new molybdenum disulfide/N,S-doped carbon quantum dots (MoS2/N,S-CQDs) heterojunction with enhanced light absorption and electrons transfer di-functional properties was constructed via a facile one-pot hydrothermal method. The heterojunction showed remarkable efficiencies in degrading methylene blue (MB) and malachite green (MG) in an actual water system under simulated sunlight irradiation. The facile synthetic technique and effective multifunctional properties of the composite have the potential for further research and industrial applications.
MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jiayi Wang, Penggang Ren, Xueyan Zhao, Zhengyan Chen, Yanling Jin, Zengping Zhang
Summary: In this study, a novel homojunction photocatalyst was developed by combining defective g-C3N4 and flaked g-C3N4, which showed excellent degradation performance and cycling stability, and exhibited practicality in several simulation experiments.
MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jing Yan, Xiaoxiao Zhao, Weixing Chen, Panbo Liu
Summary: This research presents a self-templated strategy to prepare a spherical superstructure of carbon nanorods through material modification and pyrolysis. The resulting material exhibits a large controllable radius of curvature and shows excellent microwave absorbing properties due to its high specific surface area and mesoporous structure.
MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2024)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Qinglin Zeng, Zepeng Lv, Shaolong Li, Bin Yang, Jilin He, Jianxun Song
Summary: Liquid metal batteries possess stable safety performance, high rate performance, and thermal stability. The electrolyte, an important component of the battery, plays a significant role in achieving these remarkable performance characteristics. This paper reviews the important research progress of liquid metal batteries electrolyte and discusses the influence of different electrolyte types on energy efficiency. It also highlights the limitations and challenges of existing electrolytes and proposes key development directions for liquid metal electrolytes.
MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Song Wu, Junli Wang, Xuanbing Wang, Di Jiang, Jinlong Wei, Xiaoning Tong, Zhenwei Liu, Qingxiang Kong, Naixuan Zong, Ruidong Xu, Linjing Yang
Summary: In this study, a composite electrode composed of Ti/TiH2/beta-PbO2_Mn3O4@C was fabricated and investigated for zinc electrowinning. The composite electrode exhibited low overpotential, Tafel slope, icorr, and high voltage stability, outperforming most reported Ti-based PbO2 electrode materials. The excellent catalytic activity can be attributed to the low resistance and porous interlayer of TiH2 nanosheets, as well as the addition of Mn3O4@C micro-flakes to the active layer.
MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
E. Tsoutsoumanos, T. Karakasidis, N. Laskaris, P. G. Konstantinidis, G. S. Polymeris, G. Kitis
Summary: This study investigates the correlation between nanocrystal dimensions and thermoluminescence signal magnitude through simulations conducted in Python. Two mathematical models, OTOR and IMTS, were used to derive theoretical luminescence signals. The obtained results were compared with experimental data and a thorough comparative discussion was conducted.
MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Vishnu Aggarwal, Sudhanshu Gautam, Aditya Yadav, Rahul Kumar, Bipul Kumar Pradhan, Brajesh S. Yadav, Govind Gupta, Senthil Kumar Muthusamy, Sumeet Walia, Sunil Singh Kushvaha
Summary: Recently, there has been a great demand for highly responsive photodetectors that can detect a wide range of wavelengths. Researchers have successfully fabricated a broadband metal-semiconductor-metal photodetector by integrating sputtered Bi2Se3 with laser molecular beam epitaxy grown GaN film. This photodetector shows high responsivity in both the ultraviolet and near-infrared regions.
MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2024)
