Review
Biodiversity Conservation
Nadezda P. Karaseva, Nadezhda N. Rimskaya-Korsakova, Roman V. Smirnov, Alexey A. Udalov, Vadim O. Mokievsky, Mikhail M. Gantsevich, Vladimir V. Malakhov
Summary: In the Russian Arctic seas and adjacent areas, 120 sites with siboglinid records have been found, with individuals of 15 species collected. Most records were made in the Barents Sea, followed by the Laptev Sea and the Arctic basin. Many of these records are associated with areas of high hydrocarbon concentrations.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xin Ren, Dong Ding, Haosen Qin, Le Ma, Guangxue Li
Summary: This paper proposes a method for identifying and extracting gas plumes based on an MWC point cloud model, providing a technique to accurately characterize the 3D spatial morphology of subsea gas plumes. It can provide technical support for gas hydrate exploration, subsea gas seepage area delineation, and subsea seepage gas flux estimation.
Article
Thermodynamics
Sheng Yang, Mingyi Zhang, Jun Bi, Wansheng Pei, Guanji Li, Renwei Li
Summary: A numerical model is developed to evaluate the long-term thermal stability of embankments in pan-Arctic permafrost regions under the effect of snow drift. The results show that snow accumulates at the toe of the windward slope and the whole leeward side of the embankment. By reducing the slope ratio of the embankment, snow accumulations on both sides are significantly reduced, and the subsoil refreezes more effectively. The use of a crushed-rock revetment embankment with reduced slopes proves to be an applicable and effective structure for ensuring long-term stability in pan-Arctic permafrost regions.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dong-Hun Lee, Jung-Hyun Kim, Yung Mi Lee, Germain Bayon, Dahae Kim, Young Jin Joe, Xudong Wang, Kyung-Hoon Shin, Young Keun Jin
Summary: This study analyzed microbially derived authigenic carbonate samples recovered from active gas hydrate mounds on the southwestern slope of the Chukchi Borderlands. The results showed the presence of AOM-related lipid biomarkers and the dominance of anaerobic methanotrophic archaea (ANME)-1 in the studied carbonate samples. The study also reported significant enrichments of various trace elements in the carbonate-hosted lipid fractions. The findings suggest a potential relationship between the type of AOM microbial assemblage and trace element enrichments in carbonate-hosted lipid fractions.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Minna Valiranta, Maija E. Marushchak, Juha-Pekka Tuovinen, Annalea Lohila, Christina Biasi, Carolina Voigt, Hui Zhang, Sanna Piilo, Tarmo Virtanen, Aleksi Rasanen, Dmitry Kaverin, Alexander Pastukhov, A. Britta K. Sannel, Eeva-Stiina Tuittila, Atte Korhola, Pertti J. Martikainen
Summary: The study found that permafrost aggradation can lead to greenhouse gas emissions, as well as positive radiative forcing and short-term climate warming feedback. The current sporadic bare peat surfaces in subarctic regions are likely remnants of more extensive bare peat areas formed during permafrost initiation.
QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Artem A. Krylov, Roman A. Ananiev, Denis V. Chernykh, Dmitry A. Alekseev, Ermolay I. Balikhin, Nikolay N. Dmitrevsky, Mikhail A. Novikov, Elena A. Radiuk, Anna V. Domaniuk, Sergey A. Kovachev, Georgy K. Timashkevich, Vladimir N. Ivanov, Dmitry A. Ilinsky, Oleg Yu. Ganzha, Alexey Yu. Gunar, Pavel Yu. Pushkarev, Andrey V. Koshurnikov, Leopold I. Lobkovsky, Igor P. Semiletov
Summary: This article discusses the use of marine geophysical equipment in the Russian sector of the Arctic for detecting and studying areas with increased natural gas saturation. The equipment used includes high-frequency echo sounders, sub-bottom profilers, seismographs, and seismoacoustic profiling and electrical exploration equipment. The results obtained in the Laptev Sea show that these geophysical methods are effective in detecting and monitoring underwater gas release and studying the geological causes of gas emission.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Francesco Turco, Yoann Ladroit, Sally J. Watson, Sarah Seabrook, Cliff S. Law, Gareth J. Crutchley, Joshu Mountjoy, Ingo A. Pecher, Jess I. T. Hillman, Susi Woelz, Andrew R. Gorman
Summary: This study investigates active gas seepage sites along the Hikurangi Margin off the North Island of New Zealand using seismic reflection, multibeam, and split-beam hydroacoustic data. The research reveals significant gas emissions in the region, which may impact seafloor biological communities and ocean biogeochemistry.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Wanyuan Zhang, Tian Zhou, Jianghui Li, Chao Xu
Summary: This study presents an efficient method for detecting and quantifying gas leaks using a 300 kHz multibeam sonar, which isolates interference objects based on the backscattering strength of gas bubbles and the characteristics of gas plumes. An optimization model for volume-scattering strength is proposed to estimate gas flux, and experimental results validate the effectiveness and accuracy of the method.
Article
Limnology
Alexander D. Huryn, Michael N. Gooseff, Patrick J. Hendrickson, Martin A. Briggs, Ken D. Tape, Neil C. Terry
Summary: Riveraufeis are widespread features of the arctic cryosphere, facilitating the occurrence of rich groundwater invertebrate communities. A study along the Kuparuk River in arctic Alaska revealed a diverse groundwater invertebrate assemblage distributed below the sediment surface, with taxa richness comparable to surface sediments despite significant differences in community structure. This study demonstrates the existence of a rich and spatially extensive groundwater fauna in a region of continuous permafrost, suggesting widespread localized groundwater-dependent ecosystems in the Arctic.
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
(2021)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Anna M. Irrgang, Mette Bendixen, Louise M. Farquharson, Alisa Baranskaya, Li H. Erikson, Ann E. Gibbs, Stanislav A. Ogorodov, Pier Paul Overduin, Hugues Lantuit, Mikhail N. Grigoriev, Benjamin M. Jones
Summary: Arctic coasts are facing increasing erosion and flooding due to decreasing sea ice, thawing permafrost, and rising sea levels. This review examines the changes in Arctic coastal morphodynamics and discusses their broader impacts on Arctic systems. Climate change has a significant impact on Arctic coasts, including the loss of permafrost, sea ice, and glaciers, as well as rising sea levels. However, assessing the influence of anthropogenic warming on Arctic coastal dynamics is challenging due to limited availability of data. Despite this challenge, understanding these changes is critical as the majority of permafrost coasts are erosive, and erosion and flooding are projected to intensify.
NATURE REVIEWS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pavel Serov, Rune Mattingsdal, Monica Winsborrow, Henry Patton, Karin Andreassen
Summary: The distinction between anthropogenic and natural sources of fossil methane in the atmosphere is difficult due to a lack of distinctive chemical markers. This study provides empirical evidence of widespread methane and oil release from geological reservoirs to the Arctic Ocean. These releases are persistent, correlated to glaciated geological structures, and could be a significant but underestimated source of natural fossil methane in the global carbon cycle.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Peter Stimmler, Anders Prieme, Bo Elberling, Mathias Goeckede, Joerg Schaller
Summary: Global warming is causing increased greenhouse gas release from Arctic soils, potentially changing the Arctic from a carbon sink to a future source. It is important to understand the factors controlling soil microbial community structure and activity to accurately predict future greenhouse gas release. Soil conditions, such as salinity, influenced by changes in Si and Ca concentrations due to climate change, can affect microbial activity and CO2 production in Arctic soils.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Peter Stimmler, Anders Prieme, Bo Elberling, Mathias Goeckede, Joerg Schaller
Summary: Global warming is causing an increase in greenhouse gas release from Arctic soils, potentially changing the Arctic from a carbon sink to a carbon source. The concentration of Si and Ca in soil plays a crucial role in organic carbon turnover and should be considered in estimating Arctic carbon budgets.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Vasily Bogoyavlensky, Aleksei Kishankov, Aleksei Kazanin
Summary: This study used data from seismic reflections to investigate the potential distribution and absence of frozen ground and gas hydrates on the East Siberian Arctic Shelf. The study revealed a significant decrease in the area of frozen ground and methane hydrate existence after the postglacial period. Analysis of subsea frozen ground degradation zones suggested a low probability of substantial methane contribution to climate change from dissociating gas hydrates.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Qinghua Lei, Didier Sornette
Summary: We proposed a stochastic dynamical model to simulate slope secondary and tertiary creep phenomena. The model uses the Kesten process to represent slope secondary creep and a nonlinear stochastic dynamical equation to model slope tertiary creep. Our model provides a quantitative framework to understand and simulate complex landslide displacement time series.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)