Article
Geology
Gamal M. El Qot
Summary: Rich and well-preserved echinoid assemblages were discovered in Aptian-lower Cenomanian sedimentary rocks in northern Sinai, with 32 species identified including a new genus and two new species. Additionally, two species were recorded in Egypt for the first time.
CRETACEOUS RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Geology
Nils Schlueter, Frank Wiese, Manuel Diaz-Isa, Tobias Puettmann, Ireneus Walaszczyk
Summary: This article describes eight echinoid species found in Upper Cretaceous marl-limestone alternations from a temporary outcrop near the village of Mompia in northern Cantabria, Spain. Most of the reported echinoids are likely endemic to the working area. An integrated stratigraphic approach using ammonites, inoceramid bivalves, calcareous nannofossils, and stable carbon isotopes localizes the echinoid assemblage in the upper middle and lower upper Santonian.
CRETACEOUS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Nuno Bicho, Eduardo Esteves
Summary: This study focuses on the Middle and Upper Paleolithic adaptations to the Iberian Atlantic border, considering elements such as intensity and diversity of marine foods, site location, distance to shore, submerged platform, and bathymetry.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Han Wang, Runxi Wang, Sandy P. Harrison, Iain Colin Prentice
Summary: Leaf morphological traits vary systematically along climatic gradients, and their variations are influenced by climate conditions and phylogenetic factors. In wet climates, leaves are generally large, mid- to dark green, and have drip tips, while in dry climates, leaves tend to be small and glaucous. Seasonal climates are associated with thinner leaves with serrated edges, while less seasonal climates have thicker and entire leaves. In colder climates, leaves are thicker, involute, and hairy, while in warmer climates, leaves have distinct surface structures. Distinctive leaf clusters are linked to the driest and most seasonal climates, while multiple leaf clusters co-occur in wetter climates.
JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
J. H. Arbour, A. A. Curtis, S. E. Santana
Summary: The study found that bats underwent profound adaptive divergences in skull shape during evolution, leading to significant changes in allometric relationships and modularity.
Article
Horticulture
N. B. Claypool, J. H. Lieth
Summary: Research on plant growth lighting shows that spectral quality significantly affects the growth outcomes of bell pepper seedlings. Blue light plays a crucial role in reducing plant height, increasing stem diameter, leaf area, dry weight partitioning, and compactness scores, while green light enhances leaf area.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2021)
Article
Biology
Francisca Bermedo-Garcia, Diego Zelada, Esperanza Martinez, Lucia Tabares, Juan Pablo Henriquez
Summary: Research shows that reversible nerve damage leaves a long-lasting impact on the NMJ, resulting in rearrangement of its cellular components. These features actually represent an efficient adaptive response for functional recovery.
Article
Ecology
Ashar Aftab, Ajaz Ahmed, Riccardo Scarpa
Summary: This study investigates farm households' autonomous adaptations to climate change-driven monsoon floods in Pakistan, and finds that factors such as access to agricultural extension services and off-farm work opportunities influence the uptake of flood adaptations. The study also reports complementary uptake of adaptations in pairs.
ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Megan Peeks, Lidia Badarnah
Summary: This research investigates the overheating of buildings and the use of biomimetic approach to enhance the cooling ability of concrete panels through surface texture modification. Results show that morphological variables and surface area to volume ratios impact heat loss capabilities differently depending on surface roughness. This study demonstrates the potential of morphological adaptation in buildings for passive cooling and suggests further research areas for novel thermal solutions inspired by nature.
Article
Zoology
Susana Puga Ribeiro, Barbara Silva Linhares, Mariaurea Matias Sarandy, Claudio Cesar Fonseca, Luciano Carlos Heringer Porcaro Puga, Wagner Gonzaga, Sirlene Souza Rodrigues Sartori, Sergio Luis Pinto da Matta, Mariella Bontempo Freitas
Summary: Research on vampire bats' kidneys revealed morphological changes in adults, with increased glomerular area and volumetric densities to adapt to the excretory needs associated with a blood diet. Comparing developing and adult bats' kidney structures supported renal hypertrophy due to increased renal function in blood-feeding vampires at later life stages.
Article
Ecology
Brian C. Weeks, Bruce K. O'Brien, Jonathan J. Chu, Santiago Claramunt, Catherine Sheard, Joseph A. Tobias
Summary: Natal dispersal, the movement from birthplace to breeding location, is a significant event in an animal's lifetime. In this study, we explore the use of hand-wing index (HWI) as a proxy for predicting natal dispersal distance in birds. We find that HWI is a strong predictor of natal dispersal distance and flight usage, indicating a mechanistic link between flight efficiency and dispersal patterns.
FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Regina Kolzenburg, Francesco D' Amore, Sophie J. McCoy, Federica Ragazzola
Summary: The rising levels of CO2 in the atmosphere have led to changing climate and future global climate change, impacting ocean acidification and rising sea surface temperatures. Populations at the northern and southern margins of species distribution are more affected by extreme environmental conditions compared to central populations. Elevated temperature has a greater effect on populations than pCO(2), with implications for acclimatization and resilience to future environmental conditions.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jiri Dolezal, Andrea Kucerova, Veronika Jandova, Adam Klimes, Pavel Riha, Lubomir Adamec, Fritz Hans Schweingruber
Summary: Research indicates that plants adjust their internal structures to withstand adverse conditions and evolve similar morphological structures under thermal and hydrological gradients.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Lucia Drabikova, Per Gunnar Fjelldal, Adelbert De Clercq, M. Naveed Yousaf, Thea Morken, Charles McGurk, P. Eckhard Witten
Summary: The study examines how deficiencies and excess of dietary phosphorus influence the structure and microstructure of vertebral bodies in juvenile Atlantic salmon. Results show that a phosphorus-deficient diet can impact the bone mineral content in the abdominal vertebrae, but growth and bone formation continue at the same rate as in those fed regular and high phosphorus diets. This suggests that under continuous feeding, a phosphorus-reduced diet may not have adverse effects on growth in Atlantic salmon. The study also indicates that a high phosphorus diet relative to a regular phosphorus diet does not have any beneficial effects in terms of bone formation and prevention of vertebral column deformities in Atlantic salmon parr.
Article
Oceanography
K. Lohmann, D. A. Putrasahan, J. -S Storch, O. Gutjahr, J. H. Jungclaus, H. Haak
Summary: The study demonstrates that the global wind stress forcing has a nonlinear impact on Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC), with reduced wind stress leading to a decrease in AMOC strength and enhanced wind stress initially increasing AMOC strength before decreasing. This response is primarily determined by the reaction of the northern North Atlantic circulation and climate to changes in wind stress.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2021)
