Article
Thermodynamics
Saif Z. S. Al Ghafri, Fernando Perez, Ki Heum Park, Liam Gallagher, Liam Warr, Aaron Stroda, Arman Siahvashi, Yonghee Ryu, Sungwoo Kim, Sung Gyu Kim, Yutaek Seo, Michael L. Johns, Eric F. May
Summary: This study conducted experiments to measure BOG production and pressure change under various industrial conditions for LNG-like binary mixtures of methane and ethane. Three distinct stages of BOG evolution were identified and a new non-equilibrium model using the GERG-2008 equation of state showed good agreement with experimental data in the self-pressurisation and homogeneous stages but had limitations in the transient stage.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Economics
Cameron Gunton, Sean Markey, Eric Werker
Summary: Global demand for LNG is increasing rapidly, leading to intense competition among countries with natural gas reserves. The government policies in British Columbia, Canada promoting the development of the LNG industry have been influenced by the resource sector's needs, resulting in benefits being overestimated and costs being underestimated without comprehensive evaluation.
Article
Thermodynamics
Tiantian Wang, Wan Qu, Dayong Zhang, Qiang Ji, Fei Wu
Summary: In this study, a dynamic model averaging approach is used to analyze the time-varying impacts of various domestic and international factors on China's LNG import price. The results show that domestic market information has a greater influence on the price than international crude oil prices. Factors such as gas consumption, weather conditions, and industrial growth in the domestic market are identified as major drivers of the dynamics of China's LNG import price. Additionally, China's LNG import price is found to be more sensitive to the impacts of the Japanese market compared to the US or European markets.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Jan van Schyndel, Elke Goos, Clemens Naumann, Justin S. Hardi, Michael Oschwald
Summary: Methane shows promise as rocket fuel due to its cost-effectiveness, performance, and environmental friendliness. However, there is a lack of standards and specifications for its use, especially in terms of impurities. This study analyzes the effects of impurities in liquefied natural gas/methane on the operation of methalox rocket engines and identifies carbon dioxide as a problematic pollutant.
Article
Management
A-Rom Kim, Dong-Wook Kwak, Young-Joon Seo
Summary: With environment regulations driving the need for alternative fuel ships, such as LNG-powered vessels, the demand for LNG bunkering ports is expected to grow. However, there is a lack of academic research in the field. This study reveals that shipping companies prioritize safety/security and port services when selecting LNG bunkering ports through empirical and fuzzy-AHP analysis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LOGISTICS-RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Jingwen Qi, Hans Wang, Jianfeng Zheng
Summary: This paper examines the optimal subsidy plan under two-stage subsidy methods and obtains the analytical solution. The study reveals that subsidizing ships or ports performs better in the homogeneous scenario, but a uniform subsidy amount would lead to a waste of subsidy when ships are heterogeneous. Besides, the influence of critical parameters on the optimal LNG selling price are also analyzed, with conclusions corresponding to intuition and showing the details of as well as the logic behind such correlations.
Article
Thermodynamics
Mirko Baratta, Daniela Misul, Jiajie Xu
Summary: This study aims to provide a comprehensive characterization of gas fuel injection and mixing process for port injection of natural gas as an alternative fuel. The research found that the intuitive correlation between injection timing and mixture homogeneity is complicated by two mechanisms peculiar to gas port injection, which may prove combustion-significant depending on specific engine design and operating point.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Omran Al-Kuwari, Max Schoenfisch
Summary: This paper examines the synergies between the hydrogen and LNG values chains and quantifies the impact of increased low-carbon hydrogen production on global LNG flows. It predicts the potential development trends of global low-carbon hydrogen production and LNG trade.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bhalchandra Shingan, P. Vijay, Karthikraja Pandiyan
Summary: Air separation processes in LNG industry can be combined with LNG's direct expansion cycle (DEC) to recover cold energy and improve energy efficiency. This novel ASU design saves energy by utilizing the energy loss during air compression for LNG heating. This integration of air separation processes and LNG offers a sustainable and appealing option for the LNG industry.
ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Jingying Li, Zhuangzhuang Zhang, Suisui Zhang, Fan Shi, Yan Nie, Long Xu, Xiaoxun Ma
Summary: The study evaluates the energy consumption and environmental impact of COG-based LNG production using the LCA method, comparing decarbonization and methanation processes. Methanation process shows better environmental performance and economic feasibility, with H2 extraction being more desirable. This research aims to provide insights for sustainable development of COG utilization in the coking industry.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Paul Balcombe, Dalia A. Heggo, Matthew Harrison
Summary: Reducing methane emissions is crucial for meeting global climate targets, but our understanding of emissions from the natural gas supply chain is lacking. This study measured and modeled methane and CO2 emissions from an LNG carrier on a round trip voyage, finding that venting and fugitive emissions were extremely low, while methane slip through engines was higher than previously thought. Further research is needed to better understand fleet emissions and develop cost-effective mitigation strategies.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Paolo Mocellin, Gianmaria Pio, Mattia Carboni, Francesco Pilo, Chiara Vianello, Ernesto Salzano
Summary: The need for sustainable energy sources has led to the increased use of LNG as a low-carbon fuel. However, there are concerns about its safe use and transportation. This study conducted experiments to characterize the release of medium-scale LNG and found that the commonly assumed equality between evaporation rate and burning rate for LNG pools is inaccurate. The flame morphology analysis showed a maximum ratio between flame height and diameter of 2.5 and temperatures up to 1100 K near the flame.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Aaron Yip, Jan B. Haelssig, Michael J. Pegg
Summary: A liquid pyrolysis model was implemented in FDS to predict burning fluxes in multicomponent pool fires, with validation against experimental data showing good accuracy. The study also demonstrated the agreement between simulations and experiments, providing a new method for investigating multicomponent fires.
FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xiaoxian Yang, Darren Rowland, Catherine C. Sampson, Peter E. Falloon, Eric F. May
Summary: By adjusting the thermodynamic model, solid formation and deposition in LNG can be accurately predicted using cubic equations of state. Peng-Robinson (PR) equation performed the best in representing the solid-fluid equilibrium temperatures for most mixtures. The solubility of various impurities in methane at different temperatures can be studied using this model.
Article
Engineering, Civil
D. L. Zou, J. G. Sun, H. Wu, Y. F. Hao, Z. Wang, L. F. Cui
Summary: This study investigates the impact resistance of large-scale LNG storage outer tank subjected to accidental missile impact, by conducting experimental and numerical analyses on the damage and failure modes of reinforced concrete/steel liner targets under impact. The numerical evaluation of the prototype of Chinese Dalian large LNG storage outer tank under specified missile impact standards provides valuable references for the design and impact resistance assessment of large-scale LNG storage tanks.
THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Rayan Jafnan Alharbi, Rami Al-Jafar, Sharfuddin Chowdhury, Muhammad Aziz Rahman, Ateeq Almuwallad, Abdullah Alshibani, Virginia Lewis
Summary: The study compares injury patterns before and after easing COVID-19 lockdown restrictions in Saudi Arabia. It found an increase in trauma cases in the 30-44 age group after easing restrictions, with motor vehicle crashes being the leading cause of injury. There was also an increase in burn and violence-related injuries, as well as an increase in in-hospital mortality after the easing of lockdown restrictions.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Faruq Abdulla, Azizur Rahman, Md. Moyazzem Hossain
Summary: This study investigated the heterogeneous effect of various predictors on the height-for-age of children in Bangladesh. The findings revealed that factors such as gender, age, birth order, delivery method, duration of breastfeeding, vaccination status, antenatal care visits, residential area, parental education, wealth status, and religion significantly influenced the children's height.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ahmed M. M. Al Rajeh, Ilias Mahmud, Mahmudul Hassan Al Imam, Muhammad Aziz Rahman, Fariss Al Shehri, Salman Alomayrin, Nawaf Alfazae, Yousif Mohammed Elmosaad, Ibrahim Alasqah
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence and associated factors of e-cigarette use among male current smokers in Saudi Arabia. The study found that a third of current smokers used e-cigarettes and almost all participants had heard of e-cigarettes. Occasional smokers and those with good knowledge perception of e-cigarettes were more likely to use e-cigarettes, while private employees and business owners were less likely to use them. The use and knowledge perception of e-cigarettes were higher among occasional male smokers in Saudi Arabia.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Abdalsalam Ihmoudah, Abdelsalam Abugharara, Mohammad Azizur Rahman, Stephen Butt
Summary: The aim of this research is to investigate the effects of rheological models of shear-thinning fluids on flow predictions. Experimental and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) studies were conducted, and various models were examined and compared to experimental results. The best fits were obtained for laminar regions with power-law rheology models and for turbulent regions with certain correlation models.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yanfu Wang, Tao Wang, Chen Wang, Faisal Khan
Summary: A computational fluid dynamics technique is used to model large-scale pool fires and investigate the effects of wind load and windshields. The impact on personnel is evaluated based on thermal radiation dose. It is discovered that the growing horizontal momentum of the wind load may result in fatal injury at a significant distance. Windshields have both positive and negative effects on large-scale pool fires by reducing injury distance and potentially blocking heat and smoke release. Different fire scenarios should be considered when installing windshields on offshore platforms.
PROCESS SAFETY PROGRESS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Uyen Dao, Zaman Sajid, Faisal Khan, Yahui Zhang, Trung Tran
Summary: Internal corrosion is a complex phenomenon that includes various corrosion mechanisms. A Dynamic Object-Oriented Bayesian network (DOOBN) model is developed to study the interactions of risk factors and assess the failure likelihood of pipelines. The model shows high accuracy in predicting the occurrence of under-deposit corrosion (UDC) and microbially influenced corrosion (MIC).
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Aghatise Okoro, Faisal Khan, Salim Ahmed
Summary: A tradeoff between cost and safety is essential in the reliability-based design of offshore support structures. This study proposes a dependence-based double-loop optimization framework for complex structural systems in uncertain harsh environments. It demonstrates the importance of multivariate dependence modeling and optimal copula selection, as well as the efficiency provided by the adaptive Polynomial Chaos Kriging (PCK) metamodel. The method described in this paper provides a road map for a dependency-based optimal design of complex ocean structures, allowing for strategic decision-making under uncertainty, considering cost and safety.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Xi Chen, Neil Bose, Mario Brito, Faisal Khan, Ting Zou
Summary: Autonomous underwater gliders (AUGs) are effective platforms for oceanic research and environmental monitoring. However, there is a risk of vehicle loss in complex underwater environments. This study proposes a copula-based approach for evaluating the risk of AUG loss, considering both dynamic environments and potential functional failures of the vehicle. The effectiveness of the method is demonstrated through a case study.
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Qanita Tayyaba, Adnan Qayyum Butt, Abdul Rehman, Muhammad Shahzad, Urwa Shahid
Summary: Magnesium alloys are being considered as biodegradable implants due to their high specific strength, excellent biocompatibility, and non-toxicity. However, their limited corrosion resistance can be improved through surface modification and alloying. In this study, a thin ZnO coating was deposited on a Mg-Zn-Zr alloy through electrophoretic deposition, and it was found that the ZnO coating significantly enhanced the corrosion resistance of the alloy.
SURFACE ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Mitchell Huffman, Qingsheng Wang, Faisal Khan
Summary: As the human population grows, sustainable practices are necessary to protect the planet and preserve the standard of living. Frameworks like life cycle assessment and the triple bottom line provide approaches to quantify sustainability, but there is a need for additional considerations such as safety and interrelations between sustainability pillars. Existing sustainability metrics show inconsistencies in their results and imply the need for a comprehensive assessment that is interrelated and time dependent.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Uyen Dao, Rioshar Yarveisy, Shams Anwar, Faisal Khan, Yahui Zhang, Hai H. Ngo
Summary: This article proposes a Bayesian Network framework for studying corrosion in pipelines, specifically focusing on under-deposit corrosion and microbiologically influenced corrosion under deposits. By introducing the concept of effective corrosion rate, which combines susceptibility and corrosion rate, this framework can identify high-risk corrosion locations and assess the pipeline's vulnerability to deposit settlement. Four case studies demonstrate the validity of the framework.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xiaofeng Li, Guohua Chen, Paul Amyotte, Mohammad Alauddin, Faisal Khan
Summary: This study develops a model using Bayesian networks to simulate the impact of the synergistic effect of explosion and fire on the domino effect in petrochemical storage tank farms. It reveals that the synergistic effect has a significant influence on the domino effect probabilities. Installing water deluge systems and blast walls in the tank farms can effectively mitigate domino effects caused by the synergistic effect.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2023)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Nurettin Sezer, Hamad Yoonus, Dongxue Zhan, Liangzhu (Leon) Wang, Ibrahim Galal Hassan, Mohammad Azizur Rahmana
Summary: To obtain realistic results from building energy simulation studies, it is crucial to accurately represent the climatic parameters within an urban context, which is different from the geographical environment. Many research groups aim to include the best representative urban microclimate parameters as input to building energy simulations. Recently, coupling strategies have been adopted to facilitate information exchange between urban microclimate and building energy models, resulting in more realistic simulation results.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Md Shaheen Shah, Faisal Khan, Sohrab Zendehboudi, Mamudu Abbas
Summary: An innovative and comprehensive approach is developed in this research to analyze the optimization of oil production and associated risks in a shale formation reservoir using carbon dioxide (CO2) injection. By integrating a commercial simulator with a deep learning network and probabilistic method, the data-driven model predicts oil production enhancement and evaluates associated risks. The findings show that CO2 injection can achieve a maximum oil recovery rate of 22% of the original oil-in-place, but with risks in each cycle of operation. This study confirms that the introduced model can serve as a multifunctional tool for oil production optimization with a clear understanding of associated risks.
GEOENERGY SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Md. Tanjin Amin, Giordano Emrys Scarponi, Valerio Cozzani, Faisal Khan
Summary: This article examines the effectiveness and accuracy of threshold-based and probit-based methods in assessing domino effects. The results indicate that threshold-based methods are not suitable for quantitative assessment, and there are limitations in probit-based methods for time-dependent domino effect assessment. By utilizing site-specific structural response data and data analytics, a new improved time to failure prediction model is proposed, which demonstrates better performance compared to existing models.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Mateusz Oszczypala, Jakub Konwerski, Jaroslaw Ziolkowski, Jerzy Malachowski
Summary: This article discusses the issues related to the redundancy of k-out-of-n structures and proposes a probabilistic and simulation-based optimization method. The method was applied to real transport systems, demonstrating its effectiveness in reducing costs and improving system availability and performance.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Wencheng Huang, Haoran Li, Yanhui Yin, Zhi Zhang, Anhao Xie, Yin Zhang, Guo Cheng
Summary: Inspired by the theory of degree entropy, this study proposes a new node identification approach called Adjacency Information Entropy (AIE) to identify the importance of nodes in urban rail transit networks (URTN). Through numerical and real-world case studies, it is found that AIE can effectively identify important nodes and facilitate connections among non-adjacent nodes.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Hongyan Dui, Yaohui Lu, Liwei Chen
Summary: This paper discusses the four phases of the system life cycle and the different costs associated with each phase. It proposes an improvement importance method to optimize system reliability and analyzes the process of failure risk under limited resources.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Xian Zhao, Chen Wang, Siqi Wang
Summary: This paper proposes a new rebalancing strategy for balanced systems by switching standby components. Different switching rules are provided based on different balance conditions. The system reliability is derived using the finite Markov chain imbedding approach, and numerical examples and sensitivity analysis are presented for validation.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Fengyuan Jiang, Sheng Dong
Summary: Corrosion defects are the primary causes of pipeline burst failures. The traditional methodologies ignore the effects of random morphologies on failure behaviors, leading to deviations in remaining strength estimation and reliability analysis. To address this issue, an integrated methodology combining random field, non-linear finite element analysis, and Monte-Carlo Simulation was developed to describe the failure behaviors of pipelines with random defects.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Guoqing Cheng, Jiayi Shen, Fang Wang, Ling Li, Nan Yang
Summary: This paper investigates the optimal joint inspection and mission abort policies for a multi-component system with failure interaction. The proportional hazards model is used to characterize the effect of one component's deterioration on other components' hazard rates. The optimal policy is studied to minimize the expected total cost, and some structural properties of the optimal policy are obtained.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Hongyan Dui, Yaohui Lu, Shaomin Wu
Summary: A new resilience model is proposed in this paper for systems under competing risks, and related indices are introduced for evaluating the system's resilience. The model takes into account the degradation process, external shocks, and maintenance interactions of the system, and its effectiveness is demonstrated through a case study.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Yang Li, Jun Xu
Summary: This paper proposes a translation model based on neural network for simulating non-Gaussian stochastic processes. By converting the target non-Gaussian power spectrum to the underlying Gaussian power spectrum, non-Gaussian samples can be generated.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Yanyan Liu, Keping Li, Dongyang Yan
Summary: This paper proposes a new random walk method, CBDRWR, to analyze the potential risk of railway accidents. By combining accident causation network, we assign different restart probabilities to each node and improve the transition probabilities. In the case study, the proposed method effectively quantifies the potential risk and identifies key risk sources.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Nan Hai, Daqing Gong, Zixuan Dai
Summary: The current risk management of utility tunnel operation and maintenance is of low quality and efficiency. This study proposes a theoretical model and platform that offer effective decision support and improve the safety of utility tunnel operation and maintenance.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Tomoaki Nishino, Takuya Miyashita, Nobuhito Mori
Summary: A novel modeling methodology is proposed to simulate cascading disasters triggered by tsunamis considering uncertainties. The methodology focuses on tsunami-triggered oil spills and subsequent fires and quantitatively measures the fire hazard. It can help assess and improve risk reduction plans.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Mingjiang Xie, Yifei Wang, Jianli Zhao, Xianjun Pei, Tairui Zhang
Summary: This study investigates the effect of rockfall impact on the health management of pipelines with fatigue cracks and proposes a crack propagation prediction algorithm based on rockfall impact. Dynamic SIF values are obtained through finite element modeling and a method combining multilayer perceptron with Paris' law is used for accurate crack growth prediction. The method is valuable for decision making in pipeline reliability assessment and integrity management.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Saeed Jamalzadeh, Lily Mettenbrink, Kash Barker, Andres D. Gonzalez, Sridhar Radhakrishnan, Jonas Johansson, Elena Bessarabova
Summary: This study proposes an integrated epidemiological-optimization model to quantify the impacts of weaponized disinformation on transportation infrastructure and supply chains. Results show that disinformation targeted at transportation infrastructure can have wide-ranging impacts across different commodities.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Jiaxi Wang
Summary: This paper investigates the depot maintenance packet assignment and crew scheduling problem for high-speed trains. A mixed integer linear programming model is proposed, and computational experiments show the effectiveness and efficiency of the improved model compared to the baseline one.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Yuxuan Tian, Xiaoshu Guan, Huabin Sun, Yuequan Bao
Summary: This paper proposes a DFMs searching algorithm based on the graph neural network (GNN) to improve computational efficiency and adaptively identify DFMs. The algorithm terminates prematurely when unable to identify new DFMs.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2024)
