Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Amirala Bakhshian Nik, Santiago Alvarez-Argote, Caitlin C. O'Meara
Summary: IL4 and IL13 play a significant role in cardiac regeneration and repair following injury, leading to beneficial outcomes. However, there is still a lack of comprehensive understanding about their molecular and cellular actions in the heart.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yuanlong Li, Ming Yang, Jing Tan, Conghui Shen, Shijie Deng, Xinlu Fu, Saifei Gao, Hui Li, Xiaoxue Zhang, Weibin Cai
Summary: The study identifies ACSL1 as a potential factor responsible for the loss of myocardial regenerative potential starting at P7 in mice. Inhibition of ACSL1 effectively promotes myocardial repair after myocardial infarction (MI) in mice.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Hadil El-Sammak, Bingyuan Yang, Stefan Guenther, Wenbiao Chen, Ruben Marin-Juez, Didier Y. R. Stainier
Summary: This study investigated the mechanisms of coronary revascularization during zebrafish cardiac regeneration. The results showed that Vegfc signaling is crucial for the proliferation of coronary endothelial cells and cardiomyocytes dedifferentiation and proliferation. Additionally, Emilin2a and Cxcl8a-Cxcr1 signaling pathways are also involved in coronary revascularization during cardiac regeneration.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Santiago Alvarez-Argote, Caitlin C. O'Meara
Summary: Macrophages play vital roles in maintaining tissue homeostasis by clearing pathogens and have diverse functions beyond phagocytosis and immunity, such as maintaining mitochondrial function and promoting cardiac conduction. Tissue-resident macrophages in the heart adopt various functions, including clearing cell debris, reducing inflammation, promoting angiogenesis, and limiting damage extension after cardiac injury. Research on cardiac macrophages focuses on their origin, development, characterization, and function in homeostasis, regeneration, and response to injury.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Alexander J. Whitehead, Adam J. Engler
Summary: This study compared regenerative mouse hearts with nonregenerative hearts and found that sterile inflammatory processes are upregulated in nonregenerative hearts, initiating profibrotic gene programs 3 days after myocardial infarction that can cause myocardial disease.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Theresa Dolejsi, Murilo Delgobo, Thomas Schuetz, Luigi Tortola, Katrin G. Heinze, Ulrich Hofmann, Stefan Frantz, Axel Bauer, Frank Ruschitzka, Josef M. Penninger, Gustavo Campos Ramos, Bernhard J. Haubner
Summary: Newborn mice and humans have temporary cardiac regenerative potential that declines rapidly as they age. Transfer of adult T-cells into neonatal mice after myocardial infarction leads to impaired cardiac regeneration, increased fibrosis, and dysfunction, demonstrating a trade-off between regenerative potential and T-cell development.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Zhilin Qu, James N. Weiss
Summary: Cardiac alternans is a result of instabilities in the electrical and calcium cycling systems of the heart, and can lead to ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. This review integrates clinical observations, theory, and experiments to provide a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms, arrhythmic manifestations, and electrocardiographic signatures of cardiac alternans. The review summarizes the cellular and tissue mechanisms that have been demonstrated theoretically and experimentally, and discusses their relevance to different disease conditions and their impact on electrocardiographic characteristics observed in patients. The main conclusion is that alternans is not only a predictor but also a causal mechanism of potentially lethal ventricular and atrial arrhythmias across a wide range of arrhythmia mechanisms.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martin Klein, Maria Csobonyeiova, Stanislav Ziaran, Lubos Danisovic, Ivan Varga
Summary: The regeneration of a diseased heart is a major challenge in modern cardiovascular medicine, with ongoing research on stem cell-based therapies. Telocytes (TCs) play a significant role in cardiovascular regeneration by signaling, nursing stem cells, and providing mechanical support. Dysfunction or loss of TCs is implicated in conditions like myocardial infarction and heart failure, suggesting a potential avenue for future management through TC-based cell therapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Rong Chen, Shiqing Zhang, Fang Liu, Lin Xia, Chong Wang, Siamak Sandoghchian Shotorbani, Huaxi Xu, Subrata Chakrabarti, Tianqing Peng, Zhaoliang Su
Summary: Cardiac-resident macrophages (CRMs) have important roles in cardiac homeostasis, function, and regeneration. This study investigated the changes of CRMs during cardiac ontogeny and their contribution to cardiac regeneration. The findings reveal the dynamic subsets of CRMs during development and their ability to regulate cardiomyocyte proliferation, highlighting their potential in cardiac repair and regeneration.
ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA B
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Katherine M. Ross Stewart, Sophie L. Walker, Andrew H. Baker, Paul R. Riley, Mairi Brittan
Summary: While humans cannot regenerate their hearts after injury, zebrafish have the ability to fully recover from cardiac insults. The regeneration process in zebrafish involves multiple tissue responses and gene regulatory patterns, with cardiomyocyte regeneration depending on neovascularization and lymphangiogenesis. Studies in zebrafish have provided insights into the mechanisms of cardiovascular repair and regeneration, which can inform strategies for treating human patients with cardiovascular disease.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Hanne Belien, Lize Evens, Marc Hendrikx, Virginie Bito, Annelies Bronckaers
Summary: Myocardial infarction, the leading cause of heart failure worldwide, has sparked interest in stem cell therapy for cardiac repair. While some successful results have been achieved in animal models, the overall outcome of clinical trials has been disappointing, mainly due to limited stem cell survival and retention. Combinational use of stem cells and various priming strategies may hold promise for improving regenerative cell therapy efficacy.
MEDICINAL RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Hao Zhou, Jun Ren, Sam Toan, David Mui
Summary: Myocardial infarction is the irreversible death of cardiomyocytes due to prolonged lack of oxygen or fresh blood supply. Mitochondria, traditionally considered as energy powerhouses, are now recognized as signal regulators involved in various cellular functions. Mitochondrial quality surveillance is a network system that modifies mitochondrial structure and function through processes such as fission, fusion, biogenesis, bioenergetics, proteostasis, and degradation.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Thomas E. Kaier, Bashir Alaour, Michael Marber
Summary: The 4th Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction aims to define types of myocardial injury based on their pathophysiology, sparking debates and leading to necessary pragmatic adjustments in clinical guidelines to improve triage of real-world patients.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Thomas E. Kaier, Bashir Alaour, Michael Marber
Summary: The 4th Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction has sparked debates aiming to define types of myocardial injury from a pathophysiological perspective, with necessary adjustments in clinical guidelines for real-world patient triage.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2021)
Editorial Material
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Daniel J. Foster
Summary: Researchers have designed an optimized muscarinic agonist to overcome dose limiting side effects and potentially succeed where others have failed.
TRENDS IN PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Eshant Bhatia, Durga Kumari, Shivam Sharma, Nadim Ahamad, Rinti Banerjee
Summary: Skin aging is a continuous process influenced by intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Nanoparticles are considered a powerful tool in the cosmeceutical industry for enhancing the efficacy of antiaging agents and protecting the skin against external factors.
WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
S. J. Terrington, K. Hourigan, M. C. Thompson
Summary: This article presents a three-dimensional theory of vorticity creation on generalised interfaces, including both non-slip and free-slip boundaries. Vorticity can be created on a boundary by the inviscid relative acceleration between fluid elements on each side of the boundary, driven by either tangential pressure gradients or body forces. Viscosity acts to transfer circulation between the vortex sheet representing the slip velocity on the interface, and the fluid interior, but is not responsible for the creation of vorticity on the interface. This formulation also describes a principle of vorticity conservation for interfacial and free-surface flows.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Jisheng Zhao, Mark C. Thompson, Kerry Hourigan
Summary: This study experimentally investigates the effect of structural damping on the transverse flow-induced vibration (FIV) of an elastically mounted circular cylinder under imposed axial rotation in a free stream. It has been shown that FIV of a circular cylinder can be enhanced or attenuated by imposing an axial rotation. The study demonstrates that the rotation-enhanced FIV response is more susceptible to the varying damping than the nonrotating cylinder.
PHYSICAL REVIEW FLUIDS
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Jisheng Zhao, Mark C. Thompson, Kerry Hourigan
Summary: In this study, a decomposition of the streamwise fluid force for in-line vortex-induced vibration (VIV) was presented, providing insights into how wake drag acts as a driving force in fluid-structure interaction. The validity of this force decomposition was verified through experiments on a freely vibrating circular cylinder in line with the free stream. It was found that the vibration process exhibits both phase-synchronized and desynchronized regimes, with competition between non-stationary frequency responses of the cylinder vibration and the vortex shedding. Interestingly, such a desynchronization regime near resonance was not observed in the transverse vibration case.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2022)
Review
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Survanshu Saxena, Kapil Punjabi, Nadim Ahamad, Subhasini Singh, Prachi Bendale, Rinti Banerjee
Summary: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global health concern, and nanotechnology approaches offer simpler, faster, and more affordable solutions for AMR diagnostics. However, several bottlenecks need to be addressed before these approaches can be translated to clinics.
ACS BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Kapil Punjabi, Rishi Rajat Adhikary, Aishani Patnaik, Prachi Bendale, Survanshu Saxena, Rinti Banerjee
Summary: This study developed a point-of-care technology using crystal violet entrapped, lectin functionalized chitosan nanoparticles to detect clinically relevant bacterial infections. The device does not require sample preparation or sophisticated instruments, and can rapidly differentiate between bacterial and nonbacterial infections within 10 minutes.
BIOCONJUGATE CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
S. J. Terrington, K. Hourigan, M. C. Thompson
Summary: In this study, numerical simulations were used to investigate the interaction between a vortex ring and a free surface. The results provide a new interpretation of the mechanism by which the vortex ring attaches to the free surface, and explain how the solenoidal property of vortex lines is maintained by including an interface vortex sheet at the free surface.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Siddharth Gupta, Jisheng Zhao, Atul Sharma, Amit Agrawal, Kerry Hourigan, Mark C. C. Thompson
Summary: The study investigates the 2-D and 3-D wake transitions of a NACA0012 airfoil at different angles of attack and Reynolds numbers. The results show that the transition from 2-D to 3-D flow occurs through a mode C transition. Further instabilities of the 2-D periodic base flow are also observed. The study provides valuable insights into the flow transitions of aerodynamic bodies.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Kapil Punjabi, Eshant Bhatia, Roshan Keshari, Kiran Jadhav, Subhasini Singh, Jayanti Shastri, Rinti Banerjee
Summary: The global pandemic of COVID-19 and emerging antimicrobial drug resistance emphasizes the need for sustainable technology for preparedness and control measures. We have developed a biocompatible and biodegradable nanoemulsion coating for textiles, specifically cotton fabric, with broad spectrum antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity. The coated fabric exhibits superior barrier properties and filtration efficiency compared to an N95 respirator. The strategy provides a long-term sustainable alternative to single-use masks and PPE, which contribute to nondegradable waste accumulation.
ACS BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
S. J. Terrington, M. C. Thompson, K. Hourigan
Summary: This paper presents a new method for numerically evaluating the forces and moments on a circular cylinder immersed in a fluid near a plane wall. The flow is separated into inner and outer flows, and the analytical expression for the inner flow is obtained using lubrication theory. The outer flow is obtained through numerical simulation and is dependent on the Reynolds number and slip coefficient. By combining the inner and outer solutions, the force and moment coefficients are obtained. The proposed approach reduces the computational expense and difficulties associated with resolving the interstitial flow.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Peng Han, Emmanuel de Langre, Mark C. Thompson, Kerry Hourigan, Jisheng Zhao
Summary: This study examines the impact of structural damping on the vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of a circular cylinder when the mass ratio is below its critical value. It is demonstrated through water-channel experiments and a reduced-order model that the previously observed phenomenon of VIV forever, characterized by resonance oscillations at any reduced velocity, remains even in the presence of high structural damping. Interestingly, the results from the reduced-order model indicate that the wake mode for VIV forever is unstable with a positive growth rate that increases with reduced velocity, while experimental data suggests that VIV forever is associated with synchronization between the non-stationary cylinder vibration frequency and the vortex-shedding frequency.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
F. Y. Houdroge, J. Zhao, S. J. Terrington, T. Leweke, K. Hourigan, M. C. Thompson
Summary: This comprehensive investigation explores the motion and forces on spheres of different density ratios rolling down an incline in a fluid under gravity. Experimental, computational, and analytic methods are used, revealing the influence of Reynolds number, mass ratio, and surface roughness on the flow behavior. The study also highlights the transition to chaotic wake flow at lower Reynolds numbers and the presence of flow-induced vibrations.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
S. J. Terrington, K. Hourigan, M. C. Thompson
Summary: This article extends the Lighthill-Panton and Lyman-Huggins interpretations of vorticity dynamics to the dynamics of enstrophy. It investigates the definitions of vorticity current tensor, boundary vorticity flux, and the corresponding enstrophy current, boundary enstrophy flux, and enstrophy dissipation term. Two alternative interpretations of vorticity and enstrophy dynamics are proposed, leading to different dynamical explanations of motion. The extension of the Lyman-Huggins interpretation to the dynamics of enstrophy is important for a better understanding of vorticity dynamics.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Jonathan C. C. Lo, Kerry Hourigan, Mark C. Thompson, Jisheng Zhao
Summary: This study experimentally investigates the influence of structural damping on the transverse flow-induced vibration of an elastically mounted thin elliptical cylinder. The results show the presence of four wake-body synchronisation regimes, a desynchronisation region, and a high amplitude regime called the hyper branch. Additionally, a secondary vortex street is observed in the elongated shear layers associated with the hyper branch and one of the synchronisation regimes.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Puja Sandbhor, Jayant S. Goda, Bhabani Mohanty, Pradip Chaudhari, Shilpee Dutt, Rinti Banerjee
Summary: A minimally invasive hydrogel implant has been developed for the treatment of glioblastoma, using transferrin-targeted nanovesicles in the surgically resected tumor cavity. The controlled release of drugs from the hydrogel system improves drug penetration and enhances the efficacy of adjuvant therapy.
