Review
Urology & Nephrology
Arnaud Devresse, Sophie Gohy, Arnaud Robert, Nada Kanaan
Summary: Smoking has negative impacts on kidney transplantation outcomes, with guidelines strongly recommending quitting before transplantation. Nicotine addiction is a complex disease, with smoking cessation programmes proving effective in the general population.
CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Substance Abuse
Nayoung Kim, Danielle E. McCarthy, Megan E. Piper, Timothy B. Baker
Summary: This study compared the effects of varenicline and combination nicotine replacement therapy (C-NRT) with nicotine patch monotherapy on different phases of smoking cessation. Varenicline showed greater suppression of craving and smoking expectancies pre-cessation, while C-NRT mainly reduced craving and expectancies changes during cessation.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sarah E. Jackson, Harry Tattan-Birch, Lion Shahab, Emma Beard, Jamie Brown
Summary: In England, the decline in adult smoking prevalence stagnated during the COVID-19 pandemic through to 2022. At the start of the pandemic, a potential reduction in smoking prevalence among middle-aged adults and increases in quitting among smokers may have been offset by an increase in smoking among young adults. The slowing in the rate of decline was pronounced in more advantaged social grades.
Article
Substance Abuse
Rukshar K. Gobarani, Jenni Ilomaki, Stephen Wood, Michael J. Abramson, Billie Bonevski, Johnson George
Summary: This study examined the use of smoking cessation medications in Australia and found that varenicline was more commonly dispensed compared to nicotine replacement therapy and bupropion. The study also revealed that individuals who received varenicline were generally healthier.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Eliza Skelton, Alistair Lum, Lucy E. Cooper, Emma Barnett, Julie Smith, Arlene Everson, Jane Machart, Amanda L. Baker, Sean Halpin, Olav Nielssen, Matthew Clapham, Billie Bonevski
Summary: This pilot study aimed to test the feasibility of providing varenicline in combination with nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and motivational interviewing (MI) to adult male smokers attending a clinic in a hostel for homeless people. Results showed that the intervention was feasible and associated with short-term smoking cessation and significant reductions in the number of cigarettes smoked per day. However, adherence to the counseling sessions was low, raising concerns about the need for further improvement in this area.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Markos Klonizakis, Anil Gumber, Emma McIntosh, Leonie S. Brose
Summary: In this study, the medium- and longer-term cardiovascular effects of using e-cigarettes with or without nicotine or prescription nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) for smoking cessation were compared. The results showed that smokers attempting to quit experienced positive cardiovascular impact after both a 3- and 6-month period, and none of the groups (i.e., nicotine-containing and nicotine-free e-cigarettes or NRT) offered superior cardiovascular benefits to the others.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Peter Selby, Laurie Zawertailo
Summary: A 58-year-old female smoker with multiple comorbidities and a history of major depression seeks treatment for smoking cessation. Despite using nicotine gum for 4 weeks continuously, she has been unable to quit smoking.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Substance Abuse
Billie Bonevski, Victoria Manning, Olivia Wynne, Coral Gartner, Ron Borland, Amanda L. Baker, Catherine J. Segan, Eliza Skelton, Lyndell Moore, Ramez Bathish, Simon Chiu, Ashleigh Guillaumier, Dan Lubman
Summary: The QuitNic pilot trial aimed to evaluate the feasibility of providing a nicotine vaping product or nicotine replacement therapy to smokers after residential substance use disorder treatment. Both groups showed high acceptability for the treatments, but the quit rates at 12 weeks were relatively low. Both groups experienced significant reductions in cravings and withdrawal symptoms at 12 weeks.
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Qingsheng Wang, Runjing Dai, Hailiang Zhang, Xiaomei Jiang, Xiaojing Ma, Xiangrong Zhang, Shisan Bao, Dong Ren, Jingchun Fan
Summary: This study aims to determine the efficacy and safety of acupuncture and/or nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation. A multicenter randomized controlled trial will be conducted, recruiting 96 participants who are willing to quit smoking. The participants will be divided into four groups for different intervention modalities and followed up for assessment.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chin-Jung Lin, Wei-Hsin Huang, Che-Yuan Hsu, Jin-Jin Tjung, Hsin-Lung Chan
Summary: This study investigated smoking cessation rates and predictors among heavy smokers, finding that older age, hypertension, smoking fewer cigarettes per day, and being prescribed varenicline were predictors of successful smoking cessation. It suggests that varenicline use may assist heavy smokers in quitting smoking.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
John A. Cunningham, Vladyslav Kushnir, Peter Selby, Laurie Zawertailo, Rachel F. Tyndale, Scott T. Leatherdale, Alexandra Godinho, Christina Schell
Summary: This secondary analysis of a randomized trial of mailed nicotine patches found that purchasing additional NRT was not associated with long-term success in tobacco cessation. Current smokers continue to show interest in NRT for quitting smoking.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2021)
Article
Substance Abuse
Maria Novalen, Meghan J. Chenoweth, Bin Zhao, Larry W. Hawk, Rachel F. Tyndale
Summary: This study found that varenicline and other analytes remained stable in saliva during storage for 21 days at various temperatures, and only showed minor concentration changes after repeated freezing and thawing. These findings support the potential use of mail-in approach for saliva samples in varenicline smoking cessation clinical trials.
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Timothy B. Baker, Megan E. Piper, Stevens S. Smith, Daniel M. Bolt, James H. Stein, Michael C. Fiore
Summary: Among adults smoking 5 cigarettes/d or more, there were no significant differences in 7-day point prevalence abstinence at 52 weeks among those treated with combined varenicline plus nicotine patch therapy vs varenicline monotherapy, or among those treated for 24 weeks vs 12 weeks. These findings do not support the use of combined therapy or of extended treatment duration.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Nancy A. Rigotti, Gina R. Kruse, Jonathan Livingstone-Banks, Jamie Hartmann-Boyce
Summary: Cigarette smoking is the leading preventable cause of death in the US, and quitting smoking can potentially add up to 10 years of life expectancy. Most smokers want to quit and usually make multiple attempts before achieving long-term abstinence. A combination of behavioral counseling and medication, particularly varenicline, is the most effective treatment for smoking cessation.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Paulo Roberto Xavier Tomaz, Thuane Sales Goncalves, Juliana Rocha Santos, Jaqueline Scholz, Tania Ogawa Abe, Patricia Viviane Gaya, Eduardo Costa Figueiredo, Henrique Dipe de Faria, Isarita Martins, Ana Miguel Fonseca Pego, Beatriz Aparecida Bismara, Mauricio Yonamine, Alexandre Costa Pereira, Paulo Caleb Lima Santos Junior
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the application of nicotine metabolite ratio (NMR) in Brazilian smoking patients and analyze its association with smoking characteristics. The findings contribute to the development of personalized smoking cessation treatments and improvement of success rates.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)