Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Qian-Guo Mao, Hui-Qing Liang, Ya-Lin Yin, Jin-Mo Tang, Jia-En Yang, Chun-Cheng Wu, Yue Chen, Man-Ying Zhang, Yao-Yu Liu, Xiao-Ting Zheng, Lin-Yi Zhuang, Shao-Dong Chen
Summary: This study suggests that IFN-α therapy is more effective than NAs in preventing adverse outcomes in patients with chronic hepatitis B, especially in those at a high risk of HCC.
CLINICS AND RESEARCH IN HEPATOLOGY AND GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Sarah Couturier, Suzanne Peyrottes, Christian Perigaud
Summary: The stereoselective synthesis of 3'-deoxy-3'-C-methyl pyrimidine nucleosides was achieved by inverting the configuration at the 2'-position and introducing fluoro and azido substituents. Arabinonucleoside and 2'-substituted ribonucleoside analogs of uracil and cytosine were obtained and fully characterized. Attempts to introduce fluoro and azido substituents with inversion at the C-2' position were also presented.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Stefania Colantuono, Ramona Marrapodi, Martina Del Padre, Giulia Collalti, Giulia Garzi, Adriano De Santis, Massimo Fiorilli, Stefania Basili, Marcella Visentini, Milvia Casato
Summary: In SVR patients, there were similar response rates for MCV in those treated with DAAs and IFN, but the DAA-treated group had higher relapse rates, less efficient reduction of cryoglobulins and circulating B-cell clones, and a greater need for rituximab therapy. This suggests that IFN may be superior to DAAs in terms of clinico-immunological outcomes, possibly due to its antiproliferative activity.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Review
Virology
Ashraf Elbahrawy, Hassan Atalla, Mohamed Alboraie, Ahmed Alwassief, Ali Madian, Mohammed El Fayoumie, Ashraf A. Tabll, Hussein H. Aly
Summary: Vaccination is the safest and often the only method to protect against infectious diseases. Vaccines have successfully controlled diseases such as smallpox and polio. Hepatitis viruses, including HAV, HBV, HCV, HDV, and HEV, can cause severe liver infections and result in many deaths worldwide. However, effective vaccines are available to prevent hepatitis A and B, and ongoing research is focused on developing vaccines against the other major hepatitis viruses.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Liubov Kozlovskaya, Viktor P. Volok, Anna A. Shtro, Yulia Nikolaeva, Alexey A. Chistov, Elena S. Matyugina, Evgeny S. Belyaev, Artjom Jegorov, Robert Snoeck, Vladimir A. Korshun, Graciela Andrei, Dmitry Osolodkin, Aydar A. Ishmukhametov, Andrey Aralov
Summary: Emerging and re-emerging viruses cause global outbreaks, highlighting the need for novel antivirals. Phenoxazine-based nucleoside analogs showed antiviral activity against 25 viruses, with some compounds inhibiting DNA/RNA viruses. Some phenoxazine derivatives exhibited promising inhibition against SARS-CoV-2, but with cytotoxicity.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Snezana Medic, Cleo Anastassopoulou, Tatjana Pustahija, Vladimir Petrovic, Natasa Dragnic, Fotini Boufidou, Athanasios Tsakris, Vladan Saponjic
Summary: This study assessed the epidemiological trends of hepatitis A in Serbia from 2002 to 2021 and found a declining incidence and changing epidemiological characteristics. Enhanced surveillance and vaccination of high-risk groups are recommended as future public health priorities.
Article
Immunology
Lucy J. Garvey, Graham S. Cooke, Colette Smith, Christoph Stingone, Indrajit Ghosh, Subathira Dakshina, Lakshmi Jain, Laura J. Waters, Tabitha Mahungu, Filippo Ferro, Chandni Sood, Carolyn Freeman, Clare Phillips, Rageshri Dhairyawan, Ruth Burholt, Harriet Sharp, Sadna Ullah, Yvonne Gilleece, Ashley Brown, Chloe Orkin, Alison Rodger, Sanjay Bhagani
Summary: The study found a decline in hepatitis C incidence in MSM living with HIV in London and Brighton during the DAA era, with a significant reduction in treatment timing. Since the epidemic peak in 2015, there has been a 78% reduction in first-time hepatitis C infection rates and a 68% reduction in overall incidence.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Tarik Asselah, Dimitri Loureiro, Frederic Le Gal, Stephanie Narguet, Segolene Brichler, Valerie Bouton, Malek Abazid, Nathalie Boyer, Nathalie Giuly, Athenais Gerber, Issam Tout, Sarah Maylin, Cheikh M. Bed, Patrick Marcellin, Corinne Castelnau, Emmanuel Gordien, Abdellah Mansouri
Summary: The study showed that Bulevirtide (BLV) has potential virological efficacy in treating Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infection, with more significant decreases in HDV-VL seen in patients receiving combination therapy. The efficacy of BLV monotherapy is also promising, with some patients experiencing reductions in HDV-VL and normalization of ALT levels.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Stefano Brillanti
Summary: This article provides an overview of the management of Delta hepatitis and the latest developments in treating this severe liver disease. Delta hepatitis is associated with HBV infection and can lead to rapid progression of liver disease. Interferon alfa has been recommended as an effective off-label therapy, and a new drug called bulevirtide has recently been approved for treatment.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Yutaka Tsutsumi, Shinichi Ito, Souichi Shiratori, Takanori Teshima
Summary: The hepatitis C virus (HCV) can lead to liver cancer and is associated with lymphoma. Advances in drug treatment have improved outcomes, with the potential for HCV eradication using direct acting antivirals (DAA). HCV reactivation during lymphoma treatment and the role of HCV-RNA as a biomarker are also explored in this review.
Review
Immunology
Alessandra Fallucca, Vincenzo Restivo, Maria Chiara Sgariglia, Marco Roveta, Cecilia Trucchi
Summary: Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is a major cause of viral hepatitis worldwide, with a wide range of clinical manifestations and severity. Person-to-person contact and contaminated food or water are the main routes of transmission. HAV is endemic in low-income countries, but large outbreaks can occur in developed countries due to globalization and travel. Prevention measures include hygiene practices, immunoglobulins, and vaccination, with a focus on high-risk populations. This review highlights the role of food handlers in HAV spread and the potential for food industry employers to implement food handler immunization as a tool for both food safety and biological risk management.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Sarah Amele, Anastasia Karachalia Sandri, Alison Rodger, Linos Vandekerckhove, Thomas Benfield, Ana Milinkovic, Claudine Duvivier, Hans-Jurgen Stellbrink, Helen Sambatakou, Nikoloz Chkhartishvili, Luis Caldeira, Monserrat Laguno, Pere Domingo, Gilles Wandeler, Martin Gisinger, Elena Kuzovatova, Gordana Dragovic, Brygida Knysz, Raimonda Matulionyte, Jurgen Kurt Rockstroh, Jens Dilling Lundgren, Amanda Mocroft, Lars Peters
Summary: Among HIV/HCV-coinfected individuals in Europe, 7.3% were reinfected with HCV within 24 months of achieving SVR, with evidence suggesting that this is decreasing over time and with use of newer HCV regimens. Harm reduction to reduce reinfection and surveillance to detect early reinfection with an offer of treatment are essential to eliminate HCV.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Yangdan Rong, Xuegui Ju, Peng Sun, Yali Wang
Summary: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of seven major interventions to treat chronic hepatitis D and found that the combination of interferon and bulevirtide significantly improved short-term HDV RNA clearance.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bogdan I. Fedeles, Deyu Li, Vipender Singh
Summary: DNA and RNA play diverse functional roles in biology and disease. This review discusses the phenomenon of nucleobase tautomers in nucleic acids and their impact on DNA replication fidelity, as well as their functional role in RNA systems and the development of antiviral nucleoside analogs. The various methods used to study tautomeric dynamics in nucleic acids and antiviral nucleoside analogs are also discussed.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Adriana Palom, Sara Sopena, Mar Riveiro-Barciela, Angela Carvalho-Gomes, Antonio Madejon, Sergio Rodriguez-Tajes, Luisa Roade, Maria Garcia-Eliz, Javier Garcia-Samaniego, Sabela Lens, Marina Berenguer-Hayme, Francisco Rodriguez-Frias, Helena Hernandez-Evole, Ana Isabel Gil-Garcia, Ana Barreira, Rafael Esteban, Maria Buti
Summary: This study evaluated changes in serum HDV-RNA concentrations in 56 untreated chronic hepatitis delta (CHD) patients. Results showed that 25% of patients had a >= 2 log(10) decline in HDV-RNA levels, while 20% achieved undetectable HDV-RNA over a mean follow-up of 5.6 years. The decline was associated with ALT decrease.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2021)