Article
Fisheries
Ka-Kei Sam, P. Merosha, M. Janaranjani, Izyan Athirah, Alexander Chong Shu-Chien
Summary: The Malaysian mahseer has the complete machinery for the biosynthesis of LC-PUFA from C18 PUFA, allowing it to utilize dietary vegetable oils for growth and deposition of n-3 LC-PUFA.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Naoki Kabeya, Kazunori Kimura, Yoshiyuki Matsushita, Satoshi Suzuki, Yasuhiro Nagakura, Ryuhei Kinami, Hiroyuki Noda, Koji Takagi, Kazutoshi Okamoto, Misako Miwa, Yutaka Haga, Shuichi Satoh, Goro Yoshizaki
Summary: This study investigated the requirements of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) in the commercially important alfonsino fish, Beryx splendens. The results showed that B. splendens obtains substantial amounts of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) from its natural diet. The study also confirmed the enzymatic capabilities of fatty acid desaturase (Fads2) and elongases (Elovl5, Elovl4a, and Elovl4b) in LC-PUFA biosynthesis in B. splendens.
FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rodrigo Valenzuela, Adam H. Metherel, Giulia Cisbani, Mackenzie E. Smith, Raphael Chouinard-Watkins, Brinley J. Klievik, Luis A. Videla, Richard P. Bazinet
Summary: This study assessed the activities and protein concentration levels of enzymes involved in the n-3 and n-6 PUFA synthesis pathways in various organs. It found that the liver had the highest capacity for PUFA biosynthesis, while the heart and lung showed no activity.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Melissa Gonzalez-Soto, David M. Mutch
Summary: This review highlights that mRNA expression and activity of desaturase and elongase enzymes are influenced by various dietary components, including macronutrients, micronutrients, and polyphenols. Understanding how these components influence LC-PUFA synthesis will help further our understanding of how dietary patterns impact disease risks, from caloric excesses to micronutrient deficiencies.
ADVANCES IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Sarah Z. Gavrizi, Pardis Hosseinzadeh, Richard Steven Brush, Madison Tytanic, Erin Eckart, Jennifer D. Peck, LaTasha B. Craig, Michael P. Diamond, Martin-Paul Agbaga, Karl R. Hansen
Summary: This study aims to explore the correlation between VLC-PUFAs levels and sperm parameters, as well as the outcome of live birth after conventional therapy for unexplained infertility. The results demonstrate a positive association between VLC-PUFAs percentage and sperm concentration, motility, morphology, and total motile count. Moreover, a significant link is observed between hydroxylated VLC-PUFA percentage and the likelihood of a live birth outcome.
FERTILITY AND STERILITY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Johanna von Gerichten, Annette L. West, Nicola A. Irvine, Elizabeth A. Miles, Philip C. Calder, Karen A. Lillycrop, Barbara A. Fielding, Graham C. Burdge
Summary: Longer-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) are essential for leukocyte function and can be obtained from the diet or converted from essential fatty acids (EFAs). Our study found that different EFA substrate ratios can affect LCPUFA biosynthesis in human T lymphocytes, with implications for T-cell EFA metabolism and dietary fat effects on T lymphocyte function.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Alice Cartoni Mancinelli, Simona Mattioli, Cornelia Twining, Alessandro Dal Bosco, Ann M. Donoghue, Komala Arsi, Elisa Angelucci, Diletta Chiattelli, Cesare Castellini
Summary: This study provides an overview of the main strategies for enriching and preserving n-3 LC-PUFA in poultry products, which include dietary supplementation and improving rearing conditions. Additionally, factors such as genotype, rearing system, transport, and cooking processes can impact the content of this fatty acid in poultry products.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuko Fujiwara, Kotaro Hama, Nobuyuki Shimozawa, Kazuaki Yokoyama
Summary: In this study, we analyzed the glycosphingolipid (GSL) species in fibroblasts from X-ALD patients and found elevated levels of specific GSLs. Quantitative analysis was carried out using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry technology.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Israa T. Ismail, Ashraf Elfert, Marwa Helal, Ibrahim Salama, Hala El-Said, Oliver Fiehn
Summary: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a poor prognosis and is a leading cause of mortality worldwide. This study analyzed lipid alterations in blood and tissues of HCC patients compared to healthy controls and those with chronic liver disease. The research identified significant changes in lipid composition, particularly in triacylglycerides and phosphatidylcholines, between healthy controls, CLD patients, and HCC patients. These findings may have implications for the prevention, early detection, and treatment of HCC.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Uzoamaka Nwagbo, Paul S. Bernstein
Summary: Lipids play various roles in the neural system, including synaptic stabilization, DNA regulation, and neuroprotection. They also regulate inflammation, maintain cellular membrane structure, and balance ions and signaling molecules. Imbalance of lipid subgroups is involved in the progress of retinal diseases, and diet can influence their onset, progression, and severity. Very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLC-PUFAs) are found exclusively in mammalian retinas and are depleted in retinas of patients with certain diseases. The implications of reduced VLC-PUFA levels are still not well understood, but dietary supplementation and transgene studies have shown positive outcomes in retinal health and potential therapies against retinal disease.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qiaoyun Chu, Ping Liu, Yihan Song, Ronghui Yang, Jing An, Xuewei Zhai, Jing Niu, Chuanzhen Yang, Binghui Li
Summary: Reprogramming of lipid metabolism is a hallmark of cancer, but the involvement of specific fatty acids and enzymes in tumorigenesis is not well understood. This study shows that depletion of the enzyme acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibits the synthesis and elongation of very long-chain fatty acids in human cancer cells. Deficiency of very long-chain fatty acids impairs mitochondrial morphology and makes cancer cells susceptible to oxidative stress and cell death.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Ying Shi, Meijing Liu, Yufang Pan, Hanhua Hu, Jin Liu
Summary: This study unraveled the function and role of a Delta 6 fatty acid elongase (No Delta 6-FAE) in EPA biosynthesis in N. oceanica, highlighting the potential of manipulating No Delta 6-FAE for improved lipid production.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Juyoung Kim, Ryeo Jin Kim, Saet Buyl Lee, Mi Chung Suh
Summary: Interactions between KCS9 and other proteins in the fatty acid elongase complex are essential for the synthesis of very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs). This study provides insights into the quaternary structure and protein-protein interactions of the fatty acid elongase complex, highlighting their importance for efficient VLCFA synthesis.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Qixin Wu, Dandan Shi, Ting Dong, Zhuolin Zhang, Qingjian Ou, Yujing Fang, Caixia Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the association between circulating saturated fatty acids (SFAs) including very long-chain SFAs (VLCSFAs) and the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). The results showed that higher levels of total SFAs were associated with an increased risk of CRC, while higher levels of VLCSFAs were associated with a decreased risk of CRC. Specifically, certain types of SFAs like lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, heptadecanoic acid, and arachidic acid were positively associated with CRC risk.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Tereza Honzikova, Martin-Paul Agbaga, Robert Eugene Anderson, Richard Brush, Mohiuddin Ahmad, Lenka Musilkova, Karolina Sejstalova, Katsiaryna Alishevich, Radek Benes, Petra Simicova, Marketa Bercikova, Vladimir Filip, Jan Kyselka
Summary: The ELOVL4 enzyme plays an important role in the biosynthesis of very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLC-PUFAs), which are crucial for neuronal and reproductive function. Mutations in ELOVL4 contribute to retinal degenerative diseases. Recent studies have shown a decrease in VLC-PUFAs with aging and a significant loss in patients with age-related macular degeneration. The development of a chemical approach for the synthesis of VLC-PUFAs from fish oils is reported.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)