Article
Neurosciences
Joanne C. Damborsky, Jerrel L. Yakel
Summary: Cholinergic and GABAergic interactions impact HS GABA release in the MS/DBB, with carbachol and baclofen decreasing GABA release. Repetitive stimulation of HS fibers increases local GABA release, suggesting bidirectional modulation of GABA release in the MS/DBB with far-reaching implications for hippocampal-dependent learning and memory.
Article
Biology
Blaise Robert, Eyal Y. Kimchi, Yurika Watanabe, Tatenda Chakoma, Miao Jing, Yulong Li, Daniel B. Polley
Summary: Research shows that basal forebrain cholinergic neurons have different functional characteristics in different regions, broadcasting diverse modulatory signals to downstream brain regions.
Article
Neurosciences
Gaq Tu, Adel Halawa, Xiaotian Yu, Samuel Gillman, Kaori Takehara-Nishiuchi
Summary: Acetylcholine controls arousal, attention, and learning through regulating cortical excitability and plasticity. Recent research found that cholinergic neurons emit precise signals about aversive outcomes. This study manipulated cholinergic terminals in the mPFC and discovered that phasic cholinergic signaling plays a crucial role in aversive associative learning.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biology
Didier De Saint Jan
Summary: This study investigated the role of basal forebrain (BF) inputs in modulating activity of different subtypes of periglomerular (PG) interneurons in the olfactory bulb (OB). The results showed that GABAergic BF inputs effectively inhibited PG cell firing, while cholinergic inputs excited a previously overlooked PG cell subtype. These findings highlight the importance of external inputs in synaptic inhibition in the OB.
Article
Anesthesiology
Xia-wei Zhang, Lei Chen, Chang-feng Chen, Juan Cheng, Ping-ping Zhang, Lie-cheng Wang
Summary: This study demonstrates that dexmedetomidine reduces the discharge activity of neurons in the basal forebrain (HDB) through the alpha 2 adrenergic receptors.
BMC ANESTHESIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Saravanan Subramaniam, David T. Blake, Christos Constantinidis
Summary: DBS has emerged as a potential treatment for memory and cognitive impairment in neurodegenerative diseases. Stimulating specific brain structures, such as the nucleus basalis of Meynert, can enhance cortical activity and potentially ameliorate neuropathological mechanisms associated with Alzheimer's disease. High-frequency, continuous stimulation may not be suitable for Alzheimer's disease, and lower stimulation frequency or intermittent patterns of stimulation may be more effective when targeting the cholinergic forebrain.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Linghong Chen, Yuting Ke, Hong Ma, Lei Gao, Yiying Zhou, Huaqiang Zhu, Huifen Liu, Fuqiang Zhang, Wenhua Zhou
Summary: The study revealed that a lesion of HDB cholinergic neurons in rats led to depressive and anxiety-like behaviors. Antidepressants such as fluoxetine or ketamine could reverse depressive-like behaviors but not anxiety-like behaviors.
FRONTIERS IN BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Anne S. Berry, Theresa M. Harrison
Summary: The basal forebrain cholinergic system (BFCS) has been associated with age-related cognitive changes and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Despite limitations in cholinergic interventions, there is a renewed interest in studying the BFCS using novel frameworks. This article outlines the structure and function of the BFCS, its role in cognition and emotion, and its vulnerability to aging and AD. It also explores the BFCS in relation to the amyloid hypothesis, selective vulnerability, pathology spread, and sleep health in AD research.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Veronica Pastor, Jorge H. Medina
Summary: Information storage in the brain involves different memory types and stages, and cholinergic pathways through acetylcholine receptors play an active role in memory modulation. The alpha 7 subtype of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors has been studied in relation to memory processing, but there is still limited information available. This review aims to identify the brain regions where alpha 7 nicotinic receptors are essential for different memory types and stages, and discuss their potential as pharmacological targets for memory impairment in neurological disorders.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Liam E. Potter, Christian R. Burgess
Summary: Given the impact of sleep disorders on health, researchers are exploring novel avenues of treatment, including targeting the melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) system. This system has been implicated in sleep regulation and various physiological functions, but skepticism remains regarding the development of MCH-targeting drugs. Additional research is needed to fully understand the role of the MCH system in sleep regulation and address drug design challenges.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Marcel Daamen, Lukas Scheef, Shumei Li, Michel J. Grothe, Florian C. Gaertner, Ralph Buchert, Katharina Buerger, Laura Dobisch, Alexander Drzezga, Markus Essler, Michael Ewers, Klaus Fliessbach, Ana Lucia Herrera Melendez, Stefan Hetzer, Daniel Janowitz, Ingo Kilimann, Bernd Joachim Krause, Catharina Lange, Christoph Laske, Matthias H. Munk, Oliver Peters, Josef Priller, Alfredo Ramirez, Matthias Reimold, Axel Rominger, Ayda Rostamzadeh, Sandra Roeske, Nina Roy, Klaus Scheffler, Anja Schneider, Annika Spottke, Eike Jakob Spruth, Stefan J. Teipel, Michael Wagner, Emrah Duezel, Frank Jessen, Henning Boecker
Summary: This study found that amyloid-positive individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) already show early alterations of cholinergic basal forebrain (BF) integrity, which is negatively correlated with cortical amyloid burden. However, further research is needed to determine whether these changes emerge at grey zone levels of amyloid accumulation.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2023)
Review
Psychiatry
Sofia Eickhoff, Leon Franzen, Alexandra Korda, Helena Rogg, Valerie-Noelle Trulley, Stefan Borgwardt, Mihai Avram
Summary: Alterations in the basal forebrain cholinergic nuclei are associated with cognitive impairments and symptom severity in psychotic disorders, making acetylcholine receptors a potential target for novel psychopharmacological drugs. However, many questions remain unanswered.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Balbir Singh, Xue-Lian Qi, David T. Blake, Christos Constantinidis
Summary: The action of acetylcholine in the cortex is crucial for cognitive functions. Cholinergic drugs can enhance functions such as attention and working memory. Electrical stimulation of the nucleus basalis (NB) of Meynert is an alternative method to enhance cholinergic neuromodulation in primates.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Claire Andre, Marie-eve Martineau-Dussault, Veronique Daneault, Helene Blais, Sonia Frenette, Dominique Lorrain, Carol Hudon, Celyne Bastien, Dominique Petit, Alexandre Lafreniere, Cynthia Thompson, Jacques Montplaisir, Nadia Gosselin, Julie Carrier
Summary: This study investigated the associations between the volume of basal forebrain nuclei and REM sleep characteristics, and the impact of cognitive status on these links. The findings suggest that REM sleep disturbances may be an early manifestation of the degeneration of the basal forebrain cholinergic system, especially in participants with mild memory deficits.
ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Elizabeth Hanson, Katie L. Brandel-Ankrapp, Benjamin R. Arenkiel
Summary: Sensory perception is crucial for internalizing and interacting with the external world, and top-down regulation from the cholinergic basal forebrain plays a key role in modulating neural networks for sensory cue detection, learning, and memory. Cholinergic signaling in the basal forebrain dynamically changes in response to reward-seeking behaviors and positive reinforcement, impacting downstream circuitry that modulates olfaction.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Eric Murillo-Rodriguez, Henning Budde, Andre Barciela Veras, Nuno Barbosa Rocha, Diogo Telles-Correia, Diogo Monteiro, Luis Cid, Tetsuya Yamamoto, Sergio Machado, Pablo Torterolo
CURRENT NEUROPHARMACOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Matias Cavelli, Santiago Castro-Zaballa, Joaquin Gonzalez, Daniel Rojas-Libano, Nicolas Rubido, Noelia Velasquez, Pablo Torterolo
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alicia Costa, Jaime Monti, Pablo Torterolo
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL NEUROANATOMY
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Claudia Pascovich, Patricia Lagos, Jessika Urbanavicius, Andrea Devera, Mayda Rivas, Alicia Costa, Ximena Lopez Hill, Atilio Falconi, Cecilia Scorza, Pablo Torterolo
Article
Neurosciences
Eric Murillo-Rodriguez, Diana Millan-Aldaco, Gloria Arankowsky-Sandoval, Tetsuya Yamamoto, Luis Cid, Diogo Monteiro, Nuno Barbosa Rocha, Diogo Telles-Correia, Diogo S. Teixeira, Andre Barciela Veras, Henning Budde, Sergio Machado, Claudio Imperatori, Pablo Torterolo
PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Gustavo Zampier dos Santos Lima, Adriano D. S. Targa, Samantha de Freitas Cavalcante, Lais S. Rodrigues, John Fontenele-Araujo, Pablo Torterolo, Monica L. Andersen, Marcelo M. S. Lima
Summary: Parkinson's disease motor dysfunctions are associated with improperly organised neural oscillatory activity. The disruption of this activity at early stages of the disease, with altered sleep as a main feature, can serve as a predictive marker. In a rodent model, administration of rotenone led to reduced SWS time and impaired cognitive memory.
JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Joaquin Gonzalez, Matias Cavelli, Alejandra Mondino, Nicolas Rubido, Adriano B. L. Tort, Pablo Torterolo
Article
Neurosciences
Alejandra Mondino, Viviane S. Hambrecht-Wiedbusch, Duan Li, A. Kane York, Dinesh Pal, Joaquin Gonzalez, Pablo Torterolo, George A. Mashour, Giancarlo Vanini
Summary: Research indicates that activation of preoptic glutamatergic neurons can initiate wakefulness but not maintain arousal from sleep, potentially impacting NREM stability and REM sleep generation.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Eric Murillo-Rodriguez, Diana Millan-Aldaco, Dorotea Cicconcelli, Valentina Giorgetti, Gloria Arankowsky-Sandoval, Jocelyne Alcaraz-Silva, Claudio Imperatori, Sergio Machado, Henning Budde, Pablo Torterolo
Summary: The study investigated the effects of long-term CBD exposure during adolescence on behavior and neural activity in adult rats. Results showed that adolescent rats exposed to CBD exhibited changes in the sleep-wake cycle in adulthood, indicating potential long-term effects of CBD on neurobiological functions. Additionally, disruptions in sleep rebound period and changes in NeuN expression in sleep-related brain regions were observed in adult rats chronically exposed to CBD during adolescence.
PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Eric Murillo-Rodriguez, Gloria Arankowsky-Sandoval, Henning Budde, Claudio Imperatori, Sergio Machado, Tetsuya Yamamoto, Ali Yadollahpour, Pablo Torterolo
Summary: The activation of PPAR alpha by OEA or PEA leads to significant increases in acetylcholine and serotonin levels associated with wakefulness. PPAR alpha serves as a suitable molecular element involved in regulating wake-related neurotransmitters.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vicente Ruiz-Viroga, Jessika Urbanavicius, Pablo Torterolo, Patricia Lagos
Summary: MCH is a neuropeptide synthesized in the hypothalamic region, modulating various important functions in the central nervous system. Studies have shown that neurons can uptake R-MCH in vivo through a receptor-dependent and clathrin-mediated process, supporting the idea of volume transmission of MCH through the cerebrospinal fluid to reach distant targets.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL NEUROANATOMY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Mayda Rivas, Diego Serantes, Florencia Pena, Joaquin Gonzalez, Annabel Ferreira, Pablo Torterolo, Luciana Benedetto
Summary: HCRT, also known as orexins, are synthesized by neurons located in the postero-lateral hypothalamus and are associated with a wide range of physiological functions. In lactating rats, HCRT in the mPOA promotes wakefulness while a dual orexin receptor antagonist (DORA) promotes sleep and nursing behaviors.
Article
Psychology, Biological
Luciana Benedetto, Mayda Rivas, Florencia Pena, Diego Serantes, Annabel Ferreira, Pablo Torterolo
Summary: The disinhibition of the mPOA region increased active maternal behaviors and reduced nursing, while disinhibition of the VLPO region increased retrievals and mouthings. These findings suggest that the mPOA plays a key role in maternal behavior regulation, while the VLPO is involved in sleep promotion.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Joaquin Gonzalez, Matias Cavelli, Santiago Castro-Zaballa, Alejandra Mondino, Adriano B. L. Tort, Nicolas Rubido, Ignacio Carrera, Pablo Torterolo
Summary: Ibogaine is a psychedelic alkaloid with antiaddictive properties that induces dream-like waking experiences. Research shows that ibogaine promotes gamma oscillations resembling those of REM sleep, contributing to the understanding of its oneirogenic psychedelic effect.
ACS PHARMACOLOGY & TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alejandra Mondino, Matias Cavelli, Joaquin Gonzalez, Lucia Osorio, Santiago Castro-Zaballa, Alicia Costa, Giancarlo Vanini, Pablo Torterolo
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yuwen Zhu, Yan Guo, Yujia Xue, Anqi Zhou, Ying Chen, Yifei Chen, Xiulian Miao, Fangqiao Lv
Summary: BRG1 plays an important role in HSC-myofibroblast transition and targeting it could be a reasonable strategy for liver fibrosis intervention.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Liu Ye, Beibei Liu, Jingling Huang, Xiaolin Zhao, Yuan Wang, Yungen Xu, Shuping Wang
Summary: Doublecortin-like kinase 1 (DCLK1) is a significant prooncogenic factor that is strongly associated with the malignant progression and clinical prognosis of various cancers. DCLK1 plays important roles in stem cell marker regulation, tumor cell reprogramming, and immune evasion. However, the exact biological functions of DCLK1, especially the disparities between its alpha- and beta-form transcripts in cancer progression, remain ambiguous.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jiahui Yang, Xiaoyu Chen, Tianjing Liu, Yongyan Shi
Summary: This article reviews the role of bile acids in necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and their potential therapeutic value. The dysregulation of bile acids is associated with intestinal injury, and inflammatory factors in the liver also play a crucial role in regulating bile acid transport. The bile acid metabolic pathway is important for regulating intestinal microbiota, cell proliferation, and barrier protection.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Zhenzheng Zhu, Yuemiao Xu, Yuwei Xia, Xinru Jia, Yixin Chen, Yuyue Liu, Leyin Zhang, Hui Chai, Leitao Sun
Summary: Bile acid, as the final product of cholesterol breakdown, plays a complex regulatory and signaling role in human metabolism. Research suggests that it has the potential to enhance metabolism and regulate chronic metabolic diseases through various pathways. The interaction between bile acid and gut microbiota is also of great significance.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Xin He, Hong-Xu Zhou, Xian Fu, Kai-Di Ni, Ai-Zhi Lin, Ling-Tong Zhang, Hou-Hua Yin, Qing Jiang, Xue Zhou, Yi-Wen Meng, Jun-Yan Liu
Summary: DON exposure causes an increase in deoxycholic acid (DCA), which contributes to intestinal injury. DCA may be a potential therapeutic target for DON enterotoxicity.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Zhitao Wang, Heng Ma, Abdul Nasir, Sufang Liu, Zhisong Li, Feng Tao, Qian Bai
Summary: This study reveals the involvement of TET1-mediated epigenetic regulation in chronic TMJ pain through trigeminal TNF alpha signaling.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Lu Yu, Hao Ran, Yaru Lu, Qian Ma, Huan Huang, Weibin Liu
Summary: This study found that the HIF-1 alpha inhibitor BAY 87-2243 can alleviate the symptoms of the Experimental Autoimmune Myasthenia Gravis (EAMG) inflammation model. BAY 87-2243 can restore the balance of CD4(+)T cell subsets, reduce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and act as both an immune imbalance regulator and anti-inflammatory.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Alex Peralvarez-Marin, Montse Sole, Judith Serrano, Alice Taddeucci, Belen Perez, Clara Penas, Gemma Manich, Marcel Jimenez, Pilar D'Ocon, Francesc Jimenez-Altayo
Summary: This study provides the first evidence that TRPV2 channels may modulate vascular tone by balancing opposing inputs from the endothelium and smooth muscle, leading to net vasodilation. The amplification of TRPV2 channel-induced activity by NO emphasizes the pathophysiological relevance of these findings.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Amin Ullah, Jing Zhao, Jiakun Li, Rajeev K. Singla, Bairong Shen
Summary: Gastric cancer is the fifth-most prevalent and second-most deadly cancer worldwide. Late onset of symptoms makes early detection important. CXC chemokines play an important role in the pathological process of gastric cancer, but their exact role in diagnosis and prognosis is not fully understood. Inhibiting CXC chemokines shows promise as a targeted therapy.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Menna S. Zeyada, Salma M. Eraky, Mamdouh M. El-Shishtawy
Summary: The current study demonstrates the prophylactic and antifibrotic effects of Trig against BLM-induced PF by targeting multiple signaling pathways. The combination of Trig and Pirf may be a promising approach to enhance Pirf's anti-fibrotic effect.