Article
Environmental Sciences
Ellen Whitman, Sean A. Parks, Lisa M. Holsinger, Marc-Andre Parisien
Summary: Climate change has significant implications for wildfire activity in North American ecosystems, and a study in northwestern Canada has found a significant increase in fire activity over the past 50 years, which is closely related to annual climate variability. The increasing fire activity may have consequences for forest ecology and habitat availability.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Jie Zhao, Liang Wang, Xin Hou, Guangyao Li, Qi Tian, Eme Chan, Philippe Ciais, Qiang Yu, Chao Yue
Summary: Wildfires in North American boreal forests can cause significant postfire land surface temperature changes through biophysical processes. Using satellite observations, researchers found asymmetrical diurnal temperature changes, with daytime warming and nighttime cooling, especially pronounced in lower latitudes. A multiple linear regression model showed that fire severity has the largest impact on daytime temperature changes.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Thiet V. Nguyen, Kathryn J. Allen, Nam C. C. Le, Cuong Q. Truong, Karma Tenzin, Patrick J. Baker
Summary: Based on tree-ring records, we developed the first long-term fire history chronology for seasonal tropical forests in continental Southeast Asia. The results indicate that fire occurrence in the region was strongly correlated with climate indices during the early 20th century, but human activities have become the dominant factor in recent years.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Xuezheng Zong, Xiaorui Tian, Jialei Liu
Summary: Understanding fire regimes is crucial for effective fire management. By analyzing fire weather and forest fire regimes in China, a zoning system was established based on spatial distribution characteristics. The fire seasons varied based on differences in vegetation, climate, and ignition sources. Human activity was identified as the main cause of fires, particularly in regions with high population density. Fire management strategies should be tailored to each fire regime type to achieve specific management goals.
FRONTIERS IN FORESTS AND GLOBAL CHANGE
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Wesley Brookes, Lori D. Daniels, Kelsey Copes-Gerbitz, Jennifer N. Baron, Allan L. Carroll
Summary: Research in a dry Douglas-fir forest revealed historical fires with varying frequencies and severities at different spatial scales, emphasizing the importance of low- to moderate-severity fires in this ecosystem. However, current fire-free intervals exceed historical maxima, impacting the evolution of forests in the area.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Jennifer N. Baron, Sarah E. Gergel, Paul F. Hessburg, Lori D. Daniels
Summary: In fire-excluded forests across western North America, the fire regimes have significantly changed over the past 100 years. By assessing fire events in the East Kootenay region of Canada, it was found that there were distinct phases of wildfire regimes. The number of fires, burned area, and fire size have all experienced changes, with lightning- and human-caused fires playing important roles in driving these transitions. Fire exclusion has resulted in a significant fire deficit compared to historical fire frequency. Since 2003, the combined effects of fire exclusion and accelerated climate change have fueled a shift in fire regimes, leading to an increase in burned area and mean fire size.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Kyotaek Hwang, David G. Chandler, Christa A. Kelleher
Summary: This study investigates the regional and local controls on the hydrological and thermal regimes of wetlands in the St. Lawrence River Valley region of northern New York State. The results show that wetland temperatures are strongly influenced by regional atmospheric forcing and local groundwater offset. Particularly in summer, wetland temperatures exhibit significant spatial variability due to differences in groundwater availability influenced by hydrogeomorphic settings.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
J. Sjostrom, A. Granstrom
Summary: Successful wildfire prevention and suppression relies on detailed information about ignition causes, size distributions, and weather relations. Analyzing a dataset of Swedish wildfire incidents over a 25-year period, we found strong correlations between population density and wildfire occurrence, with human activities being the primary cause. We also observed that fires >10 ha mainly occurred in sparsely populated regions and were frequently ignited by lightning or heavy machinery. Our results highlight the importance of societal changes, such as rural depopulation and cultural shifts, in shaping future fire regimes in managed boreal areas.
FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Chelsea Carlson, Robert Salzwedel, Malte Selig, Andreas Knorr, Stephen Hughes
Summary: This study presents a rigorous quasinormal mode approach to investigate the strong coupling behavior between a monolayer of MoSe2 and a single gold nanoparticle. The classical spectral mode splitting at the onset of strong coupling is quantified by computing the full three-dimensional hybrid quasinormal modes of the combined structure, allowing for accurate modeling of light-matter interactions without invoking traditional theories of strong coupling. Different spectral splittings are observed in the range of 80-110 meV, with no fitting parameters required for the material models.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Alex Farnsworth, Paul J. Valdes, Robert A. Spicer, Lin Ding, Caitlyn Witkowski, Vittoria Lauretano, Tao Su, Shufeng Li, Shihu Li, Zhekun Zhou
Summary: Quantifying changes in land surface height is crucial for understanding Earth processes, but uncertainties in elevation reconstructions largely stem from unconstrained thermal lapse rates. Using paleoclimate models can reduce and quantify uncertainties, improving predictive skill in estimating elevation changes.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Julia B. Leone, Diane L. Larson, Anna E. Richards, Jon Schatz, Alan N. Andersen
Summary: Fire-dependent savanna is important habitat for butterflies. Research shows that early dry-season burning can promote butterfly diversity and abundance by increasing the supply of nectar resources.
Article
Thermodynamics
You Jia, Xueliang Fan, Xuejuan Zhao, Yelin Deng, Xinlei Zhu, Weifeng Zhao
Summary: This paper investigates the ceiling temperature profile caused by double pool fires in a tunnel through experiments and numerical simulations. A new correction model is proposed to predict the longitudinal ceiling temperature decay more accurately, based on introduced parameters of fire size and fire spacing. The proposed model provides good prediction for both current work and previous related data.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Kurt F. Kipfmueller, Evan R. Larson, Lane B. Johnson, Elizabeth A. Schneider
Summary: The Border Lakes Region of Minnesota and Ontario is considered a fire-dependent ecosystem, with a focus on high-severity fires in near-boreal forests. By using tree-ring and fire atlas data, researchers reconstructed multi-century surface fire records and assessed the impact of human activities on fire patterns. The decline of traditional subsistence practices by the Anishinaabeg coincided with a decrease in surface fires and changes in forest composition.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Clare E. Aslan, Sara Souther, Sasha Stortz, Martha Sample, Manette Sandor, Carrie Levine, Leah Samberg, Miranda Gray, Brett Dickson
Summary: The study surveyed managers of 53 million acres of government-managed lands across the Sonoran Desert Ecoregion of Arizona, looking at their objectives, activities, and expected changes in the face of projected fire regime change. Results showed that managers had different views on the likelihood of success for current objectives and activities, with federal land managers more optimistic about achieving objectives and adopting new activities.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Neil G. G. Williams, Melissa S. S. Lucash, Marc R. R. Ouellette, Thomas Brussel, Eric J. J. Gustafson, Shelby A. A. Weiss, Brian R. R. Sturtevant, Dmitry G. G. Schepaschenko, Anatoly Z. Z. Shvidenko
Summary: Climate change is expected to increase fire activity in central Siberia, but little is known about the potential changes in fire regime characteristics and spatial variation in magnitude. This study used a forest landscape model to simulate changes under different climate scenarios, and found that fire activity and intensity increased with climate change. The study also observed a shift in forest composition towards deciduous species in response to increased fire activity.
Article
Soil Science
Lydia Mumbi Chabala, Simon Angombe, Wulf Amelung, R. Murray Lark
Summary: Livestock integrated land use systems are considered as viable options for enhancing soil organic carbon sequestration in a changing climate. This study assessed the influence of water deficit and livestock stocking density on soil carbon stocks. Results showed that there was a significant interaction between the effects of livestock stocking density and water deficit on C-stocks.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
P. Harding, C. Martin-Puertas, J. Sjolte, A. A. Walsh, R. Tjallingii, C. Langdon, S. P. E. Blockley, A. Brauer, P. Langdon, A. M. Milner, R. Muscheler, M. Perez
Summary: Understanding the atmospheric response to radiative forcing and wind patterns is crucial for future implications. This study examines varved records from Diss Mere, England, during a Grand Solar Minima (GSM) and discusses the solar-wind linkage in the North Atlantic-European region. The research finds evidence for increased windiness during the GSM, synchronous with changes in C-14 production and atmospheric response.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Yunsheng Jia, Erwin Klumpp, Roland Bol, Wulf Amelung
Summary: This study conducted a meta-analysis of 173 studies on the uptake and accumulation of metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) in crops. The results show that root application is the main method used, and plants preferentially take up essential elements as MNPs. Additionally, smaller particle size and more negative zeta potential increase metal accumulation, while non-essential elements are more commonly acquired as dissolved metals.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Agronomy
Sara L. Bauke, Wulf Amelung, Roland Bol, Luise Brandt, Nicolas Brueggemann, Ellen Kandeler, Nele Meyer, Dani Or, Andrea Schnepf, Michael Schloter, Stefanie Schulz, Nina Siebers, Christian von Sperber, Harry Vereecken
Summary: This article investigates the relationship between soil water status and the cycling of nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur in agroecosystems. It discusses the impact of soil water on nutrient imbalance and availability at different scales. Water plays a crucial role in nutrient cycling in agroecosystems, affecting the balance and availability of nutrients across different levels.
JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION AND SOIL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Soil Science
D. J. Burger, S. L. Bauke, W. Amelung, M. Sommer
Summary: Erosion of fertile topsoil leads to land degradation and yield loss, but a long-term field experiment in NE Germany shows that reformation of fertile topsoil and increase in crop yield is possible through good agricultural management within a few decades.
Article
Agronomy
David Uhlig, Anne E. Berns, Bei Wu, Wulf Amelung
Summary: This study aims to explore the effects of removing root restricting layers through subsoil management on the mean nutrient uptake depth of cereal crops. The results show that subsoil management through deep loosening, cultivation of deep-rooting pre-crops, and compost incorporation can change the mean nutrient uptake depth of crops. Additionally, nutrient uplift from depth to topsoil was confirmed after soil management.
Article
Geography, Physical
Anna Schubert, Stefan Lauterbach, Christian Leipe, Achim Brauer, Pavel E. Tarasov
Summary: This paper presents a new pollen record from Lake Mondsee in the north-eastern European Alps and discusses changes in vegetation composition between 9000 and 7000 a BP in response to the 8.2 ka BP cooling event. Pollen and microcharcoal analyses provide detailed insights into the vegetation history and fire regime in the study area.
QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Laura E. Skadell, Florian Schneider, Martina I. Gocke, Julien Guigue, Wulf Amelung, Sara L. Bauke, Eleanor U. Hobley, Dietmar Barkusky, Bernd Honermeier, Ingrid Kogel-Knabner, Urs Schmidhalter, Kathlin Schweitzer, Sabine J. Seidel, Stefan Siebert, Michael Sommer, Yavar Vaziritabar, Axel Don
Summary: Agricultural management can impact soil organic carbon stocks, with the depth to which these impacts reach remaining uncertain. It is crucial to consider depth effects in order to accurately assess changes in SOC stocks, particularly when evaluating carbon farming measures that are increasingly important in the face of climate change.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Forestry
Felipe Quartucci, Martina Gocke, Manfred Denich, Jose Leonardo de Moraes Gonsalves, Wulf Amelung
Summary: Carbon sequestration following land restoration is effective in mitigating climate change, but most studies focus only on topsoil carbon without considering deep soil carbon stocks.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Soil Science
Xiaolei Sun, Simon Matthias May, Wulf Amelung, Ni Tang, Dominik Brill, Franko Arenas-Diaz, Daniel Contreras, Barbara Fuentes, Roland Bol, Erwin Klumpp
Summary: This study investigates the formation and content of water-dispersible colloids (WDCs) in the Atacama Desert and finds that they are influenced by both topography and sediment age. The distribution of WDCs differs between younger and older fan sections, with younger sections having a higher concentration near shrubs and older sections exhibiting larger variations in WDC content. Overall, this research highlights the unique role of colloids as tracers of soil development processes.
Review
Agronomy
Wulf Amelung, Ni Tang, Nina Siebers, Michaela Aehnelt, Karin Eusterhues, Vincent J. M. N. L. Felde, Georg Guggenberger, Klaus Kaiser, Ingrid Koegel-Knabner, Erwin Klumpp, Claudia Knief, Jens Kruse, Eva Lehndorff, Robert Mikutta, Stephan Peth, Nadja Ray, Alexander Prechtel, Thomas Ritschel, Steffen A. Schweizer, Susanne K. Woche, Bei Wu, Kai U. Totsche
Summary: The functions of soils are closely related to their pore space and biogeochemical interfaces. The study of soil microaggregates can provide insights into their structure and functions. Advanced techniques allow us to assess the size, composition, and porosity of microaggregates and explore their role in element cycling. However, these techniques have specific requirements and limitations in sample preparation and analysis.
JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION AND SOIL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Bei Wu, Xiangtian Meng, Huaiying Yao, Wulf Amelung
Summary: Prolonged paddy management alters the Fe isotope composition of soil and rice plants, indicating the origin of rice plants and the extent of past soil paddy management. The study found that prolonged paddy management reduces Fe concentrations in the topsoil, leading to an enrichment of heavy Fe isotopes. The Fe content in rice also increases with paddy age, while its Fe isotope composition resembles that of the Fe plaques on the roots rather than paddy soil.
Editorial Material
Environmental Sciences
Mehdi Rahmati, Dani Or, Wulf Amelung, Sara L. Bauke, Roland Bol, Harrie-Jan Hendricks Franssen, Carsten Montzka, Jan Vanderborght, Harry Vereecken
NATURE REVIEWS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Luisa Woestehoff, Arne Kappenberg, Eva Lehndorff, Bernd Wagner, Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos, Wulf Amelung
Summary: Lake sediments in the Prespa region were analyzed to investigate the impact of climate, vegetation, and human activity on fire. The results showed that the content of black carbon (BC) in sediments correlated with warm and humid phases, vegetation changes, and fuel availability. Additionally, human settlement in the Late Holocene led to an increase in BC production.
PALEOCEANOGRAPHY AND PALEOCLIMATOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Harry Vereecken, Wulf Amelung, Sara L. Bauke, Heye Bogena, Nicolas Brueggemann, Carsten Montzka, Jan Vanderborght, Michel Bechtold, Gunter Bloeschl, Andrea Carminati, Mathieu Javaux, Alexandra G. Konings, Jurgen Kusche, Insa Neuweiler, Dani Or, Susan Steele-Dunne, Anne Verhoef, Michael Young, Yonggen Zhang
Summary: This review explores the characteristics, drivers, and relationships of soil hydrological processes (SHP) at different scales. It also discusses the advancements in soil hydrology prediction through emerging technologies and their role in addressing global change.
NATURE REVIEWS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2022)