Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yanli Zhu, Pengcheng Wen, Pengjie Wang, Yi Li, Yi Tong, Fazheng Ren, Siyuan Liu
Summary: This study demonstrates the effects of different types of cellulose on starch digestion and finds that soluble cellodextrin (SC) has the highest inhibitory effect. SC also inhibits glucose diffusion and the activity of alpha-amylase and amyloglucosidase to a larger extent than other cellulose types.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Review
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Junji Nemoto, Keiichi Nakamata
Summary: Vulcanized fibers are all-cellulose materials made from cotton and/or wood cellulose treated with aqueous zinc chloride, known for their excellent characteristics such as impact resistance and electrical insulation. With advances in cellulose technologies involving cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) and all-cellulose composites, there is a renewed interest in vulcanized fibers as renewable and biodegradable materials.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jing Chang, Bo Liu, James S. Grundy, Huaizhi Shao, Rogerio Manica, Zhen Li, Qingxia Liu, Zhenghe Xu
Summary: In this study, atomic force microscopy was used to image the surface lattice structure of kaolinite basal planes in liquids, revealing distinct ion adsorption characteristics in the presence and absence of monovalent and divalent cations through different mechanisms.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Balint Kiss, Zoltan Kis, Bernadett Palyi, Miklos S. Z. Kellermayer
Summary: The spikes on the surface of SARS-CoV-2 virus display dynamic motion and flexibility, allowing the virus to recover quickly from mechanical perturbations. While the global structure of the virus is temperature resistant, thermal exposure may lead to progressive denudation of spikes on the virion surface.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Suguru Kato, Shoji Takada, Sotaro Fuchigami
Summary: In this study, a particle smoother (PS) method was developed to integrate molecular dynamics simulations with asynchronous HS-AFM movie data, which reproduced the dynamic behavior of a target molecule better than the previous particle filter method.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THEORY AND COMPUTATION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jonathan Roth, Cody L. Hoop, Jonathan K. Williams, Robert Hayes, Jean Baum
Summary: Fibrillar collagen-integrin interactions in the extracellular matrix (ECM) play a significant role in regulating cellular processes. The depletion of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in the ECM influences the interaction between collagen I fibrils and integrin alpha 2I domain, resulting in reduced stiffness of individual fibrils.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Gabriel Banvillet, Gael Depres, Naceur Belgacem, Julien Bras
Summary: Efficient production of cellulose nanofibrils from eucalyptus fibers was achieved using a combination of NaOH and enzymatic treatments followed by pilot scale grinding. The treatment resulted in CNF with a rigid structure, increased crystallinity indices, and reduced DP values, with a multi-scale analysis of properties and energy consumption. Mechanical properties of nanopapers decreased but optical properties improved, showing potential for industrial applications with reduced energy needs.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Marcus A. Johns, Cindy Lam, Behzad Zakani, Luke Melo, Edward R. Grant, Emily D. Cranston
Summary: In order to understand the properties of cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) suspensions, various techniques including dynamic light scattering, rheology, atomic force microscopy (AFM), interferometric scattering (iSCAT) microscopy, and cluster-triggered emission (CTE) autofluorescence spectroscopy were evaluated. The results show that AFM height data, rheology, iSCAT microscopy, and CTE autofluorescence spectroscopy can determine the dispersibility of CNC suspensions, and excessive sonication may lead to nanoparticle degradation. iSCAT microscopy and CTE autofluorescence spectroscopy are suitable for high throughput analysis of CNC dispersion, which can be used in industrial production.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Liang Ying Ee, Sean Yi Rong Chia, Kai Xue, Sze Yuet Chin, Chloe A. Hae Cho, Xin Yi Tan, Sam Fong Yau Li
Summary: The functionalization of cellulose nanocrystals with amino-polyol allows for efficient removal of potentially toxic electroneutral and small boron species in water. This nanomaterial exhibits high boron uptake capacity, ultrafast kinetics, and excellent removal performance, making it a promising candidate for various water purification and desalination applications.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Xiaobin Liang, Makiko Ito, Ken Nakajima
Summary: In this study, atomic force microscopy nanomechanics were used to visualize the nanoscale stress distribution in carbon black-reinforced isoprene rubber vulcanizates at different elongations, revealing the stress concentrations in the protofibrous structure formed around the CB filler. The relationship between local nanoscale stress distribution and macroscopic tensile properties was established based on microscopic stress distribution and spatial structure, providing insights into the microscopic reinforcement mechanism of carbon black-containing rubber composites.
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
G. Rajeshkumar, S. Arvindh Seshadri, G. L. Devnani, M. R. Sanjay, Suchart Siengchin, J. Prakash Maran, Naif Abdullah Al-Dhabi, Ponmurugan Karuppiah, Valan Arasu Mariadhas, N. Sivarajasekar, A. Ronaldo Anuf
Summary: The development of sustainable bio composites is driven by environmental concerns globally, with biodegradable polymers and natural fibers playing a vital role in this field. While PLA has distinct advantages, blending it with natural fibers is necessary to overcome its limitations and improve performance.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Isabella Piazza, Paola Carnevali, Nadia Faccini, Marina Baronchelli, Valeria Terzi, Caterina Morcia, Roberta Ghizzoni, Vania Patrone, Lorenzo Morelli, Mariasole Cervini, Gianluca Giuberti
Summary: This study investigated the effects of substituting different levels of malted triticale flour for triticale flour on the technological and nutritional characteristics of biscuits. The results showed that substituting triticale flour with malted triticale flour increased the total dietary fiber and ash contents, while decreasing the total starch content. Additionally, increasing levels of malted triticale flour resulted in lower hardness and spread ratio values of the biscuits, as well as decreased lightness of the doughs and biscuits.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Alex Hadsell, Huong Chau, Richard Barber Jr, Unyoung Kim, Maryam Mobed-Miremadi
Summary: Nanoporous dialysis membranes made of regenerated cellulose serve as molecular weight cutoff standards in bioseparations. This study characterized mesoporous standards for biomimetic membranes and proposed a novel algorithm to enhance classification accuracy, leading to reduced scan times.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Xiaobin Liang, Takashi Kojima, Makiko Ito, Naoya Amino, Haonan Liu, Masataka Koishi, Ken Nakajima
Summary: In situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) nanomechanical technique was used to directly visualize the micromechanical behaviors of polymer nanocomposites during compressive strain. The stress distribution image of carbon black (CB)-filled rubber at the nanoscale was obtained for the first time, revealing the microscopic reinforcement mechanisms and heterogeneous deformation behaviors. The stress concentrations near the CB particles formed a network structure which acted as the key reinforcement mechanism. The finite-element method (FEM) simulations reproduced the heterogeneity in stress distribution, confirming the insights provided by the AFM experiments.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
R. Protz, A. Lehmann, J. Ganster, H-P Fink
Summary: This study investigated the direct dissolution and joint spinning of cellulose and lignin from NMMO-water, showing that lignin can dissolve in a range from 30% NMMO to 70% NMMO. Dry-jet wet spinning was achieved for cellulose-lignin compound up to 50% lignin loading, with lignin mainly acting as a filler in the core region of the fiber. The spinnability decreases with increasing lignin content.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Darrell Cockburn, Morten M. Nielsen, Camilla Christiansen, Joakim M. Andersen, Julie B. Rannes, Andreas Blennow, Birte Svensson
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2015)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Matthew H. Foley, Darrell W. Cockburn, Nicole M. Koropatkin
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2016)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Darrell W. Cockburn, Nicole M. Koropatkin
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2016)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Darrell Cockburn, Casper Wilkens, Adiphol Dilokpimol, Hiroyuki Nakai, Anna Lewinska, Maher Abou Hachem, Birte Svensson
Article
Food Science & Technology
Silja K. Diemer, Birte Svensson, Linnea N. Babol, Darrell Cockburn, Pieter Grijpstra, Lubbert Dijkhuizen, Ditte M. Folkenberg, Christel Garrigues, Richard H. Ipsen
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christian Ruzanski, Julia Smirnova, Martin Rejzek, Darrell Cockburn, Henriette L. Pedersen, Marilyn Pike, William G. T. Willats, Birte Svensson, Martin Steup, Oliver Ebenhoeh, Alison M. Smith, Robert A. Field
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2013)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Darrell W. Cockburn, Nicole I. Orlovsky, Matthew H. Foley, Kurt J. Kwiatkowski, Constance M. Bahr, Mallory Maynard, Borries Demeler, Nicole M. Koropatkin
MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY
(2015)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Darrell W. Cockburn, Anthony J. Clarke
PROTEIN ENGINEERING DESIGN & SELECTION
(2011)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Andrew J. Ledley, Ryan J. Elias, Helene Hopfer, Darrell W. Cockburn
Summary: The mashing step in brewing is crucial for hydrolyzing malt starch to fermentable sugars. Barley malts, although easier to mash due to their enzyme activity, pose challenges for producing gluten-free beers. Strategies may involve exogenous enzymes or modified brewing procedures to increase fermentable sugar concentrations.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Peter DeMartino, Emily A. Johnston, Kristina S. Petersen, Penny M. Kris-Etherton, Darrell W. Cockburn
Summary: The composition of gut microbiota along with short-chain fatty acids in feces are linked to cardiometabolic health and risk of diseases. Intake of dietary fibers, including resistant starch, has been shown to have positive effects on the gut microbiome.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Andrew J. Ledley, Ryan J. Elias, Darrell W. Cockburn
Summary: A successful wort fermentation requires both sugar and free amino nitrogen (FAN) in the wort. While the mashing step primarily aims to produce fermentable sugars, its role in modifying FAN content, especially with non-barley brewing materials, has not been extensively studied. This study found that gluten-free (GF) worts had significantly different FAN contents and amino acid profiles compared to barley worts, and mashing at temperatures below 55 degrees C could increase amino acid concentrations. Overall, GF malts show promise as brewing ingredients for producing quality worts when appropriate mashing conditions are used.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Andrew J. Ledley, Ryan J. Elias, Darrell W. Cockburn
Summary: In gluten-free brewing, millet was used as a model GF malt to demonstrate its ability to produce a significant amount of fermentable sugars despite having lower amylase activities. Limitations in processing initially restricted the production of fermentable sugars, which required additional treatment or enzyme supplementation to improve.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andrew Paff, Darrell W. Cockburn
Summary: The use of in vitro simulated colon fermentations is increasing to assess the effects of foods and drugs on the gut microbiota in a cost-effective way. However, contamination by microbes in test materials poses a challenge. This study explored liquid chemical sterilants as alternatives to heat treatment for pulse flours during in vitro simulated colon fermentation, and found that bleach and hydrogen peroxide treatments can effectively eliminate contaminating microbes without causing significant damage.
Article
Biology
Darrell Cockburn, Casper Wilkens, Christian Ruzanski, Susan Andersen, Jonas Willum Nielsen, Alison M. Smith, Robert A. Field, Martin Willemoes, Maher Abou Hachem, Birte Svensson