Article
Engineering, Environmental
Zhuang Wang, Yong You, Guangze Zhang, Tao Feng, Jinfeng Liu, Xiaobo Lv, Dongwei Wang
Summary: This paper presents a new method to calculate the superelevation of debris flow encountering obstacles, by deriving a formula based on the Bingham Model. Physically significant roughness coefficients were determined by analyzing internal characteristics and external boundary conditions. The formula's reliability was verified based on physical and dynamic parameters, providing a theoretical basis for future research in similar areas.
BULLETIN OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Shujun Tian, Benben Shi, Xiaosong Chen
Summary: Due to the superelevation in the bend, debris flow rushed out and caused damage to nearby engineering facilities, posing challenges to disaster prevention and mitigation project designs. This study derives calculation equations for superelevation, runup, and total superelevation of debris flow in the bend, based on the gravity center offset of the flow section. The proposed equation allows engineers to determine and visualize the evolution of total superelevation, aiding targeted design in debris flow prevention and control engineering.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Yeon-joong Kim, Ichiro Fujita, Makoto Hasegawa, Jong-sung Yoon
Summary: This study aims to measure the velocity of soil and rocks by applying space-time image velocimetry (STIV), which has not yet been applied to the soil and rocks waterway experiment. The performance of the velocity evaluation was significantly improved by applying machine learning to the STI slope estimation method, and the velocity can be easily measured with high accuracy by freely setting an area to be measured in the captured image.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jiamei Wang, Marwan A. Hassan, Matteo Saletti, Xingguo Yang, Hongwei Zhou, Jiawen Zhou
Summary: The effectiveness of deflection walls in reducing debris flow hazards at a stream confluence has been investigated. The results show that the deflection angle controls the magnitude and shape of the deposit, and increasing the angle improves the efficiency of sediment trapping on the fan. Overall, changing the confluence angle reduces water wave height and obstructed ratio, effectively mitigating debris flow hazards.
BULLETIN OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Kehan Huang, Wei Liu, Mengzhen Xu, Siming He, Yifei Cui, Zhaoyin Wang
Summary: This study designed and applied artificial step-pools that mimic the geomorphology and energy dissipation characteristics of natural step-pools to mitigate channel incision and debris flow. Field investigations showed that the artificial step-pools remained stable during the flood season. The constructed step-pools reduced sediment deposition downstream and effectively reduced the maximum kinetic energy of debris flow.
Article
Engineering, Geological
Jian He, Limin Zhang, Ruilin Fan, Shengyang Zhou, Hongyu Luo, Dalei Peng
Summary: This study investigates the effectiveness of mitigation measures against large-scale debris flows in Wenchuan, China. Numerical simulation and field investigations are conducted to evaluate the existing mitigation measures and propose improvements. The study finds that serial check dams can effectively reduce the impact of debris flows, but additional measures may still be necessary in some cases.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
R. E. S. Moss, N. Lyman
Summary: This study compared a new variable with currently used variables in predicting post-fire debris flow triggering models using a logistic regression model. The results showed that the new variable slightly improved the prediction performance and better captured the physics of flow-type failure. The paper also offered suggestions for utilizing statistical cross-validation methods to improve prediction performance and the utility of different variables for quick assessment of likelihood during post-fire rainfall events.
Article
Engineering, Geological
Shujun Tian, Jing Zhang, Benben Shi, Shanshan Zhang
Summary: By studying debris flows in the Qinglin Basin in China, a novel method of quantitative evaluation of the benefits of facilities for disaster mitigation based on risk reduction per unit height of facility (RRPH) was proposed. This method can quantify the benefits of disaster reduction by different facilities and determine optimal facility height, facility combination, or existing facilities improvement and optimization scheme.
Article
Engineering, Geological
Minh-Vuong Pham, Yun-Tae Kim
Summary: This study presents a novel method for automatically detecting debris flow motion and measuring velocity using deep learning and image processing techniques. A convolutional neural network model based on the You Only Look Once algorithm was used to accurately identify debris flow motion from recorded videos. The proposed method achieved high accuracy and fast processing speed, making it suitable for early detection and warning systems.
Article
Engineering, Geological
Jian Guo, Jiao Wang, Yao Li, Shujian Yi
Summary: The landslide-induced debris flow in Wangcang County, Sichuan Province on August 14, 2020, resulted in three deaths and two destroyed houses. Factors such as continuous rainfall, interbedded marlstone with structural planes, and changes in slope gradient contributed to the disaster. The study findings may serve as a reference for future research on geohazard chains.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Leonardo Barilaro, Mark Wylie, Theeba Shafeeg
Summary: Collisions between space debris and spacecraft pose a significant threat to human activities in near-Earth orbits. Efforts are being made to establish guidelines and policies to mitigate the propagation of space debris from redundant spacecraft and satellites. However, the existing space debris field remains hazardous, necessitating the development of contingency systems and spacecraft designs that can withstand such impacts.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zheng Han, Chuicheng Zeng, Yange Li
Summary: This paper uses the smooth particle hydrodynamics (SPH) numerical model to study the vertical distribution law of debris flow and analyzes a large amount of particle velocity data. Based on the research results, a nonlinear vertical distribution model of debris flow velocity is proposed and applied to the entrainment estimation framework, which is verified by experiments.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sen Wang, Hanwu Zheng, Er Huang, Xingnian Liu, Ming Luo
Summary: Flash floods in mountainous regions have caused significant damage globally in recent years, affecting and destroying structures. The impact load of flash floods is a crucial factor in the destruction process. This study compared and analyzed five existing models for calculating impact pressure based on experimental data. Moreover, a new model considering both hydrodynamic and hydrostatic pressure was proposed by combining two existing models. The results showed improved accuracy in the new model, with reduced relative errors for empirical coefficients. Additionally, the distribution of fluid impact and the maximum pressure point against a passable obstacle were discussed. The findings of this research could contribute to ideas for designing structures that can withstand flood impact.
Article
Engineering, Geological
Yong Kong, Mingfu Guan
Summary: This study performs hydro-mechanical simulations of slit dams and provides design diagrams to quantitatively link flow properties and design indices. The results show nonlinear correlations between design indices and flow properties, and spillway width affects retention efficiency.
ENGINEERING GEOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Lauren N. Schaefer, Paul M. Santi, Troy C. Duron
Summary: Debris flows are highly unpredictable phenomena capable of branching away from expected paths or pre-existing channels in a phenomenon known as avulsion. Research during a rainstorm event in 2013 identified that 1/3 of debris flows exhibited avulsion, with distinct behaviors and hazard implications. Avulsed flows were longer and more likely to have path obstructions, with locations of low lateral confinement and decreasing slope angles being more prone to avulsion.
