Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Amin Dezfuli, Kyle G. Horton, Benjamin Zuckerberg, Siegfried D. Schubert, Michael G. Bosilovich
Summary: By leveraging radar data and using an objective regionalization approach, we have developed a new spatial framework that better reflects the interannual variability of bird migration. Our analysis reveals that migration in the eastern United States is influenced by oceanic forcing in the tropical Pacific, while migration in the western United States is closely tied to regional temperature changes.
BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Elise R. Morton, Scott K. Robinson, Felix Mulindahabi, Michel Masozera, Aditya Singh, Madan K. Oli
Summary: Understanding the spatial and temporal structure of ecological communities along elevational and geographic gradients is important for predicting biodiversity conservation and identifying the impacts of anthropogenic factors. In this study, we examined the Afrotropical montane bird community in Rwanda and found that avian communities are spatially structured across elevational gradient, with regional differences in species composition and richness. We also observed season-specific trends in species richness, with a wet season-specific increase in the high elevation assemblage.
GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Lucas M. Leveau
Summary: The study found that bird communities in urban habitats exhibited phylogenetically random distribution and functionally clustered distribution, indicating environmental filtering in urbanization. In contrast, bird communities in rural areas showed phylogenetically clustered distribution, indicating certain clades are adapted to rural areas. The processes structuring bird communities along rural-urban gradients remained consistent between the 2-year periods.
ECOLOGICAL PROCESSES
(2021)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Jing Huang, Linlin Zhang, Shanliang Zhu, Jie Wu, Xiaomei Yan, Weiqi Song, Shuguo Yang
Summary: The study investigates the reliable sampling interval for monitoring the interannual variability of the Kuroshio transport using satellite altimeter data and HYCOM. The results reveal that a sampling interval shorter than 20 days is required to obtain reliable interannual signals, while longer intervals lead to aliasing and degradation. Power spectrum analysis confirms the presence of intraseasonal variations that contribute to sampling deviations. This study provides valuable insights for future monitoring of the Kuroshio's interannual variation.
JOURNAL OF SEA RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Jeffrey W. Doser, Aaron S. Weed, Elise F. Zipkin, Kathryn M. Miller, Andrew O. Finley
Summary: Improved monitoring and inferential tools are essential for identifying declining bird populations, particularly rare species, across large regions. A novel hierarchical model was used to assess abundance trends for 106 bird species in eight forested national parks in the northeastern United States, revealing significant variation in trends across parks but similar trends within parks. The study emphasizes the importance of understanding how bird communities respond to local forest structure for informed conservation and management.
ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Michael Stemkovski, James R. Bell, Elizabeth R. Ellwood, Brian D. Inouye, Hiromi Kobori, Sang Don Lee, Trevor Lloyd-Evans, Richard B. Primack, Barbara Templ, William D. Pearse
Summary: Advancing spring phenology is a well documented consequence of anthropogenic climate change. However, the variability of phenology year to year under climate change is not well understood. This study analyzes a broad range of phenological shifts, temperature sensitivity, and changes in interannual variability across the Northern Hemisphere. The study found that leaf-out, flowering, insect first-occurrence, and bird arrival are the most sensitive to temperature variation and have advanced at the fastest pace for early-season species in colder and less seasonal regions. The study did not find evidence for changing variability in warmer years, but found that leaf-out and flower phenology have become moderately less variable over time. Overall, the study suggests that climate change has not fundamentally altered the patterns of interannual phenological variability.
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Jason B. Alexander, Michael J. Marnane, Justin I. McDonald, Sherralee S. Lukehurst, Travis S. Elsdon, Tiffany Simpson, Shawn Hinz, Michael Bunce, Euan S. Harvey
Summary: This study analyzes the challenges of monitoring marine diversity using environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding methods. It suggests that water sampling may not effectively detect taxa from adjacent epibenthic substrates. The study compares different sampling methods targeting the water column and epibenthic substrate and finds that most methods are able to detect community shifts associated with depth. The study also highlights the importance of substrate selection and multiple sampling methods for comprehensive characterization of diversity using eDNA.
ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Roi Ankori-Karlinsky, Michael Kalyuzhny, Katherine F. Barnes, Andrew M. Wilson, Curtis Flather, Rosalind Renfrew, Joan Walsh, Edna Guk, Ronen Kadmon
Summary: Standardized data on large-scale and long-term patterns of species richness are critical for understanding environmental changes. This study compares data from the North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) with state Breeding Bird Atlases (BBA) to evaluate the accuracy of regional richness estimates. The results show that BBS data suffer from incomplete detection of rare species, indicating the need to integrate BBA data for more accurate assessments of regional richness.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anahi S. Vaccaro, Julieta Filloy
Summary: This study assessed the impact of anthropogenic habitats on avian functional and phylogenetic diversity and found patterns of functional redundancy and divergence in different ecosystems. Functional redundancy was associated with environmental filtering in grassland, while functional divergence was linked to competitive exclusion in forest. The association between functional structure and phylogenetic pattern depended on the ecosystem type and regional species pool.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Ruth E. Bennett, T. Scott Sillett, Robert A. Rice, Peter P. Marra
Summary: Bird diversity declines sharply in low shade cocoa farms. Cocoa with over 30% canopy cover from diverse trees maintains bird diversity similar to nearby primary or mature secondary forest but with a different community of birds. Diversity of endemic species, frugivores, and insectivores (agriculture avoiders) declines, while diversity of habitat generalists, migrants, nectarivores, and granivores (agriculture associates) increases.
CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Lucas M. Leveau, Jukka Jokimaki, Marja-Liisa Kaisanlahti-Jokimaki
Summary: Urbanization leads to a seasonal homogenization of bird composition, with a more pronounced impact in temperate regions with broad annual temperature range and located in the Northern Hemisphere. Efforts should be made to restore seasonal dynamics in habitats and resources in urban areas of these regions.
JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
A. Y. Ayesh Piyara Wipulasena, John Davison, Aveliina Helm, Liis Kasari, Mari Moora, Elisabeth Prangel, Triin Reitalu, Tanel Vahter, Martti Vasar, Martin Zobel
Summary: This study assesses the composition of soil fungal, prokaryotic, and plant communities in restored alvar grasslands in Estonia using soil environmental DNA. The study finds that different taxonomic groups exhibit correlated patterns of between-community variation. The DNA-based results suggest that microbial communities reacted faster than plant communities during the restoration of grazing management in alvar grassland.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Giuseppe Torri, Alison D. Nugent, Rian N. Popp
Summary: This study investigates the isotopic composition of rainfall on the island of O'ahu, Hawai'i, and finds significant spatial and seasonal variability, as well as differences in isotopic ratios produced by different weather systems. The results improve our understanding of island water resources and can inform the interpretation of data from similar climate zones.
JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yi-Fan Liu, Ze Huang, Ling-Chao Meng, Shu-Yuan Li, Yu-Bin Wang, Yu Liu, Manuel Lopez-Vicente, Gao-Lin Wu
Summary: The study revealed that understory shading in forest-grassland ecosystems altered the community composition and structure of understory grasslands, leading to increased soil loss. Shade-tolerant herb species play a crucial role in controlling soil erosion, highlighting the importance of species selection for vegetation restoration in such ecosystems.
Article
Ecology
Jess K. Hopf, Jennifer E. Caselle, J. Wilson White
Summary: Identifying the effects of human impact on a system, especially in marine fishery species, is a persistent challenge in ecology. This study addresses this challenge by examining the interaction between variable larval recruitment and the timing of reserve establishment and sampling design in no-take marine reserves. The results highlight the importance of accounting for recruitment variability in management and assessment programs.
ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Carlos M. Leveau, Osvaldo Uez, Marta N. Vacchino
REVISTA DO INSTITUTO DE MEDICINA TROPICAL DE SAO PAULO
(2015)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Lucas M. Leveau, Carlos M. Leveau
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
C. M. Leveau, J. A. Tapia Granados
Article
Plant Sciences
Lucas M. Leveau, Carlos M. Leveau
URBAN FORESTRY & URBAN GREENING
(2020)
Article
Psychiatry
Carlos M. Leveau, Jose A. Tapia Granados
Summary: This study found that the educational gap in suicide mortality widened during the economic expansion following the crisis of 1999-2002, only decreasing in 2005 and 2011. In the age group of 45-64, differences in suicide rates by educational level disappeared during recession years but were present during expansion years. Suicides rise during economic downturns but these periods could reduce the educational gaps in suicide mortality by increasing the vulnerability of adults with a higher educational level to changes in the economy.
SOCIAL PSYCHIATRY AND PSYCHIATRIC EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Carlos Marcelo Leveau, Carlos Guevel, Marcio Alazraqui
Summary: The study analyzed the relationship between suicide and socioeconomic status and social fragmentation in small areas of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires (CABA), finding that the risk of suicide was positively associated with higher indices of social fragmentation, but not related to poverty indices. The results support the hypothesis that social fragmentation is a factor positively associated with the increase of intra-urban suicide in cities of developing countries.
CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Usama Bilal, Caio P. de Castro, Tania Alfaro, Tonatiuh Barrientos-Gutierrez, Mauricio L. Barreto, Carlos M. Leveau, Kevin Martinez-Folgar, J. Jaime Miranda, Felipe Montes, Pricila Mullachery, Maria Fatima Pina, Daniel A. Rodriguez, Gervasio F. dos Santos, Roberto F. S. Andrade, Ana V. Diez Roux
Summary: The study found that there are significant differences in mortality rates with city population size, with more populated cities having lower mortality rates in the United States, while Latin American cities showed similar mortality rates across different city sizes. Additionally, sexually transmitted infections and homicides are more prevalent in larger cities, indicating superlinear scaling in these cases.
Article
Geography
Carlos M. Leveau, Hani Amir Aouissi, Feriel Kheira Kebaili
Summary: This study analyzed the spatiotemporal variations of COVID-19 cases and deaths in Algeria and identified clusters of high and low risk. The findings showed that low risk clusters mainly emerged in provinces with lower population density before the third wave, while clusters during the third wave were located in provinces with higher population density. Prioritizing resource allocation and implementing quarantine measures should focus on northern and coastal provinces.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Carlos Marcelo Leveau, Mustafa Hussein, Jose A. Tapia-Granados, Guillermo A. Velazquez
Summary: Although ischemic heart disease mortality has decreased in Argentina over the past decades, it remains a leading cause of death. This study examined the impact of individual and contextual factors on premature ischemic heart disease mortality, as well as the changing educational disparities in this mortality rate during economic fluctuations. The results showed that there were inequalities in premature ischemic heart disease mortality based on educational level, with the population of low educational level being more affected. Economic expansion was associated with increased mortality, but it did not contribute to greater educational inequalities. The study underscored the importance of addressing social inequalities in preventive policies, particularly among disadvantaged populations.
CADERNOS DE SAUDE PUBLICA
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Carlos M. Leveau, Guillermo A. Velazquez
Summary: This study aimed to assess the space-time clustering of suicide in Argentina between 2017 and 2020. The analysis revealed that the COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on the spatio-temporal patterns of suicide in Argentina. While overall suicides decreased in 2020 compared to previous years, there were still areas where suicides increased.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INJURY CONTROL AND SAFETY PROMOTION
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Carlos Marcelo Leveau, Leonardo Soares Bastos
Summary: This study aimed to analyze the socio-spatial differences in COVID-19 mortality during the three waves of the pandemic in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The findings showed that in the first and third waves, neighborhoods with higher levels of poverty had a higher risk of COVID-19 mortality. However, these inequalities disappeared in the second wave. Higher levels of immunity in high poverty neighborhoods during the second wave and the emergence of new variants may have contributed to the differences observed.
CADERNOS DE SAUDE PUBLICA
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Carlos M. Leveau, M. Jimena Marro, Valeria Alonso, Alicia E. B. Lawrynowicz
CADERNOS DE SAUDE PUBLICA
(2017)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Carlos M. Leveau, Marta N. Vacchino
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INJURY CONTROL AND SAFETY PROMOTION
(2015)
Article
Demography
Carlos M. Leveau
PAPELES DE POBLACION
(2013)
Article
Ornithology
Lucas M. Leveau, Carlos M. Leveau, Mariana Villegas, Jaime A. Cursach, Cristian G. Suazo
ORNITOLOGIA NEOTROPICAL
(2017)
Article
Ecology
Xuezheng Zong, Xiaorui Tian, Xianli Wang
Summary: Climate change has caused longer fire seasons and more intense wildfires worldwide, leading to significant economic and environmental impacts. A study conducted in Southwest China evaluated the effectiveness of different fuel treatment designs in mitigating wildfire risk under varying fire severity conditions. The results showed that fuel treatments were effective in reducing risk under low and normal fire severity scenarios, but their effectiveness was limited under high fire severity conditions.
LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Jian Peng, Xiaoyu Wang, Huining Zheng, Zihan Xu
Summary: This study developed an index system to evaluate the trade-off between grain production service and water purification service in the Dongting Lake Basin. The results showed that converting cropland with high nitrogen output into forest land can minimize this trade-off.
LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Francois Chiron, Romain Lorrilliere, Carmen Bessa-Gomes, Piotr Tryjanowski, Joan Casanelles-Abella, Lauri Laanisto, Ana Leal, Anskje Van Mensel, Marco Moretti, Babette Muyshondt, Ulo Niinemets, Marta Alos Orti, Pedro Pinho, Roeland Samson, Nicolas Deguines
Summary: In cities, green areas play a crucial role in biodiversity conservation, and the heterogeneity of land cover is an important factor. The relationship between area and heterogeneity affects the richness of bird species in urban green areas, with urban avoider species benefiting from large and heterogeneous patches.
LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Aleksandra Lis, Karolina Zalewska, Pawel Iwankowski, Katarzyna Betkier, Paulina Bilska, Viktoriia Dudar, Aleksandra L. Lagiewka
Summary: Appleton's prospect-refuge theory suggests that the presence of dense vegetation, topography, and people in a park can influence the safety and privacy felt by visitors in different ways. This study aimed to understand the relationship between observation point height, vegetation location, presence of other people, and perceived privacy and safety. The results showed that flat or lower ground without the presence of others was considered the safest, while landscapes higher up with dense vegetation and no other people were rated highest in terms of privacy. The findings have practical implications in terms of providing privacy without compromising safety.
LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Jianting Zhao, Guibo Sun, Chris Webster
Summary: This study developed a geospatial database to document the locations and urban environments of pandemic-induced street experiments on a global scale, and conducted quantitative analysis based on spatial and temporal visualizations. The study aims to enhance comparability of built environment indicators between cities and provide a robust foundation for future research on tactical urbanism.
LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Huaqing Wang, Louis G. Tassinary
Summary: This study investigated the influence of urban greenspace spatial morphology on non-communicable diseases and found that neighborhoods with more connected, aggregated, coherent, and complex-shaped greenspace had a lower prevalence of these diseases. Such associations were mediated by air pollution and physical inactivity. The results suggest that the spatial morphology of designed urban greenspace plays a significant role in neighborhood health.
LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Chiwei Xiao, Yi Wang, Mingyan Yan, Jeffrey Chiwuikem Chiaka
Summary: Regional integration initiatives, such as cross-border transportation corridors, have significant impacts on land use changes and landscape patterns. This study examines the China-Laos Railway as a case study to evaluate the extent and significance of these impacts. Using land-use data and geospatial analysis, the study quantifies and compares the effects of the railway on land use changes within a buffer zone along the corridor.
LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
(2024)
Review
Ecology
Astrid Zabel, Mara-Magdalena Hausler
Summary: Developing a green infrastructure is an important environmental policy goal in many countries around the world. Different countries have different requirements on the spatial allocation of conservation sites for green infrastructure. Price-type and procedural instruments are commonly used, but the utilization of incentive mechanisms that internalize the benefit of clustering is relatively low. There is a need for more studies on incentive mechanisms and green infrastructure policies in the global South.
LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Timothy Fraser, Olivia Feeley, Andres Ridge, Ava Cervini, Vincent Rago, Kelly Gilmore, Gianna Worthington, Ilana Berliavsky
Summary: This study examines the inequality of social infrastructure in Boston, finding significant racial and income disparities in access. These disparities have implications for the health and resilience of neighborhoods.
LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Yutian Lu, Running Chen, Bin Chen, Jiayu Wu
Summary: The inequitable distribution of urban green spaces has become a significant concern, with variations found between cities in different development stages, and socioeconomic factors playing a crucial role in the spatial equity of urban green spaces.
LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Di Chen, Jie Yin, Chia-Pin Yu, Shengjing Sun, Charlotte Gabel, John D. Spengler
Summary: Observational and experimental studies have shown that exposure to greenness is beneficial for long-term health and well-being. However, more evidence is needed regarding the short-term health impacts of nearby nature in urban areas. This study used immersive virtual reality technology to investigate how transitions between built and natural environments affect urban residents. Results showed that transitioning from built to natural environments led to reductions in negative mood and transient anxiety, while transitions from natural to built environments had the opposite effect. Additionally, participants showed more emotional responses to nature through physiological measures. The study also highlighted the influence of contextual factors, such as physical health conditions, stress levels, experience with nature, and growth environments, on stress recovery. Overall, this study provides empirical evidence supporting the promotion of nearby nature in urban built environments.
LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Daniele Codato, Francesca Peroni, Massimo De Marchi
Summary: This study examines climate justice in the Ecuadorian Amazon Region (EAR), highlighting the multiple injustices caused by oil extraction activities. Using spatial analysis, the study shows that the EAR has been a major producer of oil since 1972, leading to environmental impacts such as oil spills and pollution. The results emphasize the need to include these territories in climate justice discussions and promote the rights to a non-toxic environment.
LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Jingli Yan, Wendy Y. Chen, Zixiao Zhang, Wenxing Zhao, Min Liu, Shan Yin
Summary: Vegetation barriers are an effective strategy in urban planning to mitigate traffic-induced air pollution and reduce exposure. This study uses field measurements and numerical modeling to show that constructing vegetation barriers with short bushes can effectively reduce PM2.5 pollution in open-road environments, while higher coverage of tall bushes may worsen the pollution.
LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
(2024)