Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Kota Ishida, Beata Oborny, Michael T. Gastner
Summary: Competition between alternative states is crucial in both social and biological networks, and neutral competition can be represented by an unbiased random drift process. Real-world processes introduce three limiting factors that affect the direction and rate of spread. The effectiveness of a heterogeneous mean-field theory allows for quantitative predictions of consensus even without a complete reconstruction of network edges from empirical data.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Divas Singh Dagur, Chandana Mondal, Saikat Roy
Summary: Colloidal gel systems exhibit slow relaxation and long-ranged spatial correlations of dynamics in the presence of long-ranged stress correlations, which have been largely unexplored. In this work, we investigate stress correlations in soft colloidal gel materials with moderate to high packing fractions and strong attraction. We find that the stress correlations are long-ranged and the gel materials do not behave as normal elastic solids near the gel point.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Angelo Forli, Michael M. Yartsev
Summary: This article examines hippocampal activity in groups of bats engaged in collective spatial behavior and finds that many hippocampal neurons are tuned to key features of group dynamics. Social responses are anatomically distributed and robustly represented at the population level.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mark H. Plitt, Lisa M. Giocomo
Summary: The recent study using new holographic optogenetic stimulation technology provides direct evidence that hippocampal place cell activity is sufficient to drive memory and navigation-related behaviors.
Article
Neurosciences
Huanqiu Zhang, P. Dylan Rich, Albert K. K. Lee, Tatyana O. O. Sharpee
Summary: Neurons in the rat hippocampus represent space using a non-linear hyperbolic geometry, which provides greater positional information compared to a linear scale. The size of the representation matches the predicted number of neurons, and expands dynamically proportional to the logarithm of exploration time. These findings demonstrate how neural circuits achieve efficient representations using dynamic hyperbolic geometry.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Torgeir Waaga, Haggai Agmon, Valentin A. Normand, Anne Nagelhus, Richard J. Gardner, May-Britt Moser, Edvard Moser, Yoram Burak
Summary: The representation of an animal's position in the medial entorhinal cortex is distributed across several modules of grid cells, and the activity patterns of these modules are tightly coordinated, even in darkness when the sensory cues are disrupted. This suggests that internal brain mechanisms dynamically coordinate the representation of position in different modules to ensure a coherent trajectory.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
William de Cothi, Nils Nyberg, Eva-Maria Griesbauer, Carole Ghaname, Fiona Zisch, Julie M. Lefort, Lydia Fletcher, Coco Newton, Sophie Renaudineau, Daniel Bendor, Roddy Grieves, Eleonore Duvelle, Caswell Barry, Hugo J. Spiers
Summary: By studying the behavior of humans, rats, and simulated reinforcement learning agents, we found that they exhibit similar dynamics in spatial navigation. These findings contribute to refining navigation models and uncovering shared mechanisms underlying behavior.
Article
Polymer Science
Andrea Tagliabue, Cristian Micheletti, Massimo Mella
Summary: By tuning the relative length of neutral and charged blocks, different combinations of knot contour position and size can be achieved in copolyelectrolyte rings. The relationship between the length of the neutral segment and the knot size is nonmonotonic, with the knot transitioning from being pinned at the block's edge to becoming trapped inside it. This transition is related to the competition between the energy gain from localizing essential crossings on the neutral segment and the entropic cost of such localization.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Katalin Patonai, Ferenc Jordan, Giuseppe Castaldelli, Leonardo Congiu, Anna Gavioli
Summary: Freshwater ecosystems are under unprecedented pressure globally, and systematic and comparative studies are needed. This study describes the food web of the Po River and compares it with the Danube River using network analysis, revealing differences between the two rivers. The results show that the nodes in the Po River have higher centrality values, and Carassius auratus is the most important node in the Po River food web. These findings can guide future research and pave the way for more advanced models.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Deepankur Thureja, Atac Imamoglu, Tomasz Smolenski, Ivan Amelio, Alexander Popert, Thibault Chervy, Xiaobo Lu, Song Liu, Katayun Barmak, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, David J. Norris, Martin Kroner, Puneet A. Murthy
Summary: This study demonstrates electrically controlled quantum confinement of neutral excitons in 2D semiconductors, achieving confinement below 10 nm. The technique provides an experimental route towards creating scalable arrays of identical single-photon sources and has wide-ranging implications for realizing strongly correlated photonic phases and on-chip optical quantum information processors.
Article
Environmental Studies
Charu Manivannan, Jakub Krukar, Angela Schwering
Summary: Sketch maps are widely used in studying people's perception of the environment, but research on generalization in these maps is limited. This paper identifies and classifies frequently occurring generalizations in 108 sketch maps of a small urban area. The study also evaluates the classification through inter-rater agreement, suggesting the comprehensibility and clarity of the identified generalization types. The findings provide a systematic view on the generalization in sketch maps and offer a new way of analyzing them.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Owen Tregenza, Noam Olshina, Peter Hield, Chris Manzie, Chris Hulston
Summary: This paper presents the results of an experimental model identification program for a turbogenerator and proposes a new model series applicable to radial flow turbines. The performance improvement and versatility of the proposed models are evaluated using experimental data.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Tianya Terry Zhang, Peter J. J. Jin
Summary: This paper proposed the SiCK solution, which utilizes semantic segmentation for vehicle movement extraction, enabling high-resolution trajectory reconstruction and validation. The DMD method decomposes the STMap into sparse foreground and low-rank background to extract vehicle strands. By adapting two prevalent deep learning architectures, the Res-UNet+ neural networks significantly improved the performance of STMap-based vehicle detection and tracking. The solution is accurate and robust against various challenging factors, and addresses data quality issues through trajectory correction using computer vision tools. Extracting high-fidelity vehicle trajectories is a systematic process, and this framework greatly enhances the accuracy and reliability of video-based trajectory data acquisition.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Leonid Pereyaslavets, Ganesh Kamath, Oleg Butin, Alexey Illarionov, Michael Olevanov, Igor Kurnikov, Serzhan Sakipov, Igor Leontyev, Ekaterina Voronina, Tyler Gannon, Grzegorz Nawrocki, Mikhail Darkhovskiy, Ilya Ivahnenko, Alexander Kostikov, Jessica Scaranto, Maria G. Kurnikova, Suvo Banik, Henry Chan, Michael G. Sternberg, Subramanian K. R. S. Sankaranarayanan, Brad Crawford, Jeffrey Potoff, Michael Levitt, Roger D. Kornberg, Boris Fain
Summary: The main goal of molecular simulation is to accurately predict experimental observables of molecular systems, as well as to devise models for arbitrary neutral organic molecules. Researchers have successfully computed the solvation free energies of a diverse set of organic compounds using a polarizable force field fitted entirely to ab initio calculations, achieving high predictive accuracy.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Editorial Material
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Chang-Ryul Choi, Hyun-Woo Rhee
Summary: In this Forum, we discuss how advanced, proximity-dependent, enzymatic labeling tools, aided by sequencing technology developments, have enabled the extraction of spatial information of proteomes, transcriptomes, genome organization, and cellular networks. We also explore the potential applications of proximity labeling in the unexplored field of spatial biology in live systems.
TRENDS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Hristo Dikanski, Alex Hagen-Zanker, Boulent Imam, Kate Avery
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS-ENGINEERING SUSTAINABILITY
(2017)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Michael G. Hutchins, Scott J. McGrane, James D. Miller, Alex Hagen-Zanker, Thomas R. Kjeldsen, Simon J. Dadson, Clare S. Rowland
WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-WATER
(2017)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Hristo Dikanski, Boulent Imam, Alex Hagen-Zanker
Article
Environmental Sciences
M. G. Hutchins, D. Fletcher, A. Hagen-Zanker, H. Jia, L. Jones, H. Li, S. Loiselle, J. Miller, S. Reis, I Seifert-Dahnn, V Wilde, C-Y Xu, D. Yang, J. Yu, S. Yu
Summary: In recent years, there has been a growing recognition of the need for multi-functional assessment tools that evaluate trade-offs and co-benefits for various types of Nature-Based Solutions (NBS). These tools aim to identify optimal NBS placement across a diverse set of socio-environmental indicators, taking into account issues of relative location of areas of implementation and benefit accrual. It is crucial for these tools to quantify scale-dependence in order to effectively evaluate the outcomes of NBS.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Macarena L. Cardenas, Vanessa Wilde, Alex Hagen-Zanker, Isabel Seifert-Dahnn, Michael G. Hutchins, Steven Loiselle
Summary: Nature-based solutions provide direct benefits to people living in relevant areas, which can be modeled and quantified. Participation in NbS through different interactions can stimulate motivation and willingness towards environmental sustainability.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Matthew Nigel Lawton, Belen Marti-Cardona, Alex Hagen-Zanker
Summary: This paper presents a method for identifying urban land cover changes using pixel-based time series analysis, particularly focusing on breaks in NDVI trends. The research shows that the method performs well in areas with large differences in NDVI dynamics among land cover types, but less so in areas where changes in land cover within pixels are minimal. Future improvements include incorporating spectral information other than NDVI and considering multiple change events per pixel over time.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Jingyan Yu, Alex Hagen-Zanker, Naratip Santitissadeekorn, Susan Hughes
Summary: Cellular Automata (CA) models are widely used to study spatial dynamics of urban growth and evolving patterns of land use. A novel approach is proposed in this study to calibrate the model based on urban morphological patterns emerging from simulations starting from a land cover map completely void of urban land. This method provides an empirical distribution of parameter values that reflects model uncertainty, and has been successfully applied to two UK towns, effectively capturing their different urban growth patterns.
COMPUTERS ENVIRONMENT AND URBAN SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Nick Grudgings, Susan Hughes, Alex Hagen-Zanker
Summary: This paper investigates the impact of traffic intensity on commuter cycling rates. The study finds that high traffic speeds, traffic volumes, and speeds at intersections have a negative influence on cycling propensity, while cycle paths have a positive influence. The findings provide guidance for increasing cycling rates on commuting corridors.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORTATION
(2023)
Article
Transportation
John P. Pritchard, Anne Dorothee Slovic, Mariana Giannotti, Karst Geurs, Adelaide Nardocci, Alex Hagen-Zanker, Diego B. Tomasiello, Prashant Kumar
Summary: The study found that ideal and maximum commuting preferences impact the measured job accessibility, with ICT-based job accessibility significantly decreasing total job accessibility. Additionally, commuting mode has a significant impact on satisfaction. Potential job accessibility is only weakly associated with travel satisfaction.
JOURNAL OF TRANSPORT AND LAND USE
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Jingyan Yu, Alex Hagen-Zanker, Naratip Santitissadeekorn, Susan Hughes
Summary: The processes of urban growth vary and lack model transferability. This study introduces a novel data-driven scenario development framework and validates its effectiveness through empirical research. The identified parameter clusters can help reflect the uncertainty of future spatial development trajectories.
COMPUTERS ENVIRONMENT AND URBAN SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Nick Grudgings, Susan Hughes, Alex Hagen-Zanker
Summary: The study shows that in England and Wales, women and commuters aged 35-49 are less likely to commute by bicycle compared to other groups. The results indicate that cycling rates are more strongly associated with gender than age.
JOURNAL OF TRANSPORT & HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Economics
Like Jiang, Alex Hagen-Zanker, Prashant Kumar, John Pritchard
Summary: This study explores differences in job accessibility and environmental quality within submarkets in the Greater London metropolitan region. It finds that lower-price submarkets have advantages in job accessibility but disadvantages in environmental quality. Balancing job accessibility and environmental quality within constrained housing budgets is relatively easier in lower-price submarkets, allowing for more job accessibility with less sacrifice on environmental quality.
JOURNAL OF TRANSPORT GEOGRAPHY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Nick Grudgings, Alex Hagen-Zanker, Susan Hughes, Birgitta Gatersleben, Marc Woodall, Will Bryans
JOURNAL OF TRANSPORT & HEALTH
(2018)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ioar Rivas, Prashant Kumar, Alex Hagen-Zanker, Maria de Fatima Andrade, Anne Dorothee Slovic, John P. Pritchard, Karst T. Geurs
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2017)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Boar Rivas, Prashant Kumar, Alex Hagen-Zanker
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2017)
Article
Ecology
Xuezheng Zong, Xiaorui Tian, Xianli Wang
Summary: Climate change has caused longer fire seasons and more intense wildfires worldwide, leading to significant economic and environmental impacts. A study conducted in Southwest China evaluated the effectiveness of different fuel treatment designs in mitigating wildfire risk under varying fire severity conditions. The results showed that fuel treatments were effective in reducing risk under low and normal fire severity scenarios, but their effectiveness was limited under high fire severity conditions.
LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Jian Peng, Xiaoyu Wang, Huining Zheng, Zihan Xu
Summary: This study developed an index system to evaluate the trade-off between grain production service and water purification service in the Dongting Lake Basin. The results showed that converting cropland with high nitrogen output into forest land can minimize this trade-off.
LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Francois Chiron, Romain Lorrilliere, Carmen Bessa-Gomes, Piotr Tryjanowski, Joan Casanelles-Abella, Lauri Laanisto, Ana Leal, Anskje Van Mensel, Marco Moretti, Babette Muyshondt, Ulo Niinemets, Marta Alos Orti, Pedro Pinho, Roeland Samson, Nicolas Deguines
Summary: In cities, green areas play a crucial role in biodiversity conservation, and the heterogeneity of land cover is an important factor. The relationship between area and heterogeneity affects the richness of bird species in urban green areas, with urban avoider species benefiting from large and heterogeneous patches.
LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Aleksandra Lis, Karolina Zalewska, Pawel Iwankowski, Katarzyna Betkier, Paulina Bilska, Viktoriia Dudar, Aleksandra L. Lagiewka
Summary: Appleton's prospect-refuge theory suggests that the presence of dense vegetation, topography, and people in a park can influence the safety and privacy felt by visitors in different ways. This study aimed to understand the relationship between observation point height, vegetation location, presence of other people, and perceived privacy and safety. The results showed that flat or lower ground without the presence of others was considered the safest, while landscapes higher up with dense vegetation and no other people were rated highest in terms of privacy. The findings have practical implications in terms of providing privacy without compromising safety.
LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Jianting Zhao, Guibo Sun, Chris Webster
Summary: This study developed a geospatial database to document the locations and urban environments of pandemic-induced street experiments on a global scale, and conducted quantitative analysis based on spatial and temporal visualizations. The study aims to enhance comparability of built environment indicators between cities and provide a robust foundation for future research on tactical urbanism.
LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Huaqing Wang, Louis G. Tassinary
Summary: This study investigated the influence of urban greenspace spatial morphology on non-communicable diseases and found that neighborhoods with more connected, aggregated, coherent, and complex-shaped greenspace had a lower prevalence of these diseases. Such associations were mediated by air pollution and physical inactivity. The results suggest that the spatial morphology of designed urban greenspace plays a significant role in neighborhood health.
LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Chiwei Xiao, Yi Wang, Mingyan Yan, Jeffrey Chiwuikem Chiaka
Summary: Regional integration initiatives, such as cross-border transportation corridors, have significant impacts on land use changes and landscape patterns. This study examines the China-Laos Railway as a case study to evaluate the extent and significance of these impacts. Using land-use data and geospatial analysis, the study quantifies and compares the effects of the railway on land use changes within a buffer zone along the corridor.
LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
(2024)
Review
Ecology
Astrid Zabel, Mara-Magdalena Hausler
Summary: Developing a green infrastructure is an important environmental policy goal in many countries around the world. Different countries have different requirements on the spatial allocation of conservation sites for green infrastructure. Price-type and procedural instruments are commonly used, but the utilization of incentive mechanisms that internalize the benefit of clustering is relatively low. There is a need for more studies on incentive mechanisms and green infrastructure policies in the global South.
LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Timothy Fraser, Olivia Feeley, Andres Ridge, Ava Cervini, Vincent Rago, Kelly Gilmore, Gianna Worthington, Ilana Berliavsky
Summary: This study examines the inequality of social infrastructure in Boston, finding significant racial and income disparities in access. These disparities have implications for the health and resilience of neighborhoods.
LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Yutian Lu, Running Chen, Bin Chen, Jiayu Wu
Summary: The inequitable distribution of urban green spaces has become a significant concern, with variations found between cities in different development stages, and socioeconomic factors playing a crucial role in the spatial equity of urban green spaces.
LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Di Chen, Jie Yin, Chia-Pin Yu, Shengjing Sun, Charlotte Gabel, John D. Spengler
Summary: Observational and experimental studies have shown that exposure to greenness is beneficial for long-term health and well-being. However, more evidence is needed regarding the short-term health impacts of nearby nature in urban areas. This study used immersive virtual reality technology to investigate how transitions between built and natural environments affect urban residents. Results showed that transitioning from built to natural environments led to reductions in negative mood and transient anxiety, while transitions from natural to built environments had the opposite effect. Additionally, participants showed more emotional responses to nature through physiological measures. The study also highlighted the influence of contextual factors, such as physical health conditions, stress levels, experience with nature, and growth environments, on stress recovery. Overall, this study provides empirical evidence supporting the promotion of nearby nature in urban built environments.
LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Daniele Codato, Francesca Peroni, Massimo De Marchi
Summary: This study examines climate justice in the Ecuadorian Amazon Region (EAR), highlighting the multiple injustices caused by oil extraction activities. Using spatial analysis, the study shows that the EAR has been a major producer of oil since 1972, leading to environmental impacts such as oil spills and pollution. The results emphasize the need to include these territories in climate justice discussions and promote the rights to a non-toxic environment.
LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Jingli Yan, Wendy Y. Chen, Zixiao Zhang, Wenxing Zhao, Min Liu, Shan Yin
Summary: Vegetation barriers are an effective strategy in urban planning to mitigate traffic-induced air pollution and reduce exposure. This study uses field measurements and numerical modeling to show that constructing vegetation barriers with short bushes can effectively reduce PM2.5 pollution in open-road environments, while higher coverage of tall bushes may worsen the pollution.
LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
(2024)