Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michael Berk, Bruno Agustini, Robyn L. Woods, Mark R. Nelson, Raj C. Shah, Christopher M. Reid, Elsdon Storey, Sharyn M. Fitzgerald, Jessica E. Lockery, Rory Wolfe, Mohammadreza Mohebbi, Seetal Dodd, Anne M. Murray, Nigel Stocks, Paul B. Fitzgerald, Catherine Mazza, John J. McNeil
Summary: The study found that aspirin did not have any long-term benefits on late-life depression in a sample of older adults over a 5-year period. On the contrary, it showed a negative impact on the course of depression in those with pre-existing depressive symptoms.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Virginie Lam, Roger Clarnette, Roslyn Francis, Michael Bynevelt, Gerald Watts, Leon Flicker, Carolyn F. Orr, Poh Loh, Nicola Lautenschlager, Christopher M. Reid, Jonathan K. Foster, Satvinder S. Dhaliwal, Suzanne Robinson, Emily Corti, Mauro Vaccarezza, Ben Horgan, Ryusuke Takechi, John Mamo
Summary: Studies indicate that abnormal metabolism of amyloid beta (Aβ) in the peripheral circulation is associated with the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Probucol, a cholesterol-lowering drug, has been shown to suppress Aβ secretion and protect cognitive function. This study aims to investigate whether Probucol can attenuate cognitive decline, delay brain atrophy, and reduce cerebral amyloid burden in patients with mild-to-moderate AD.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Marshall G. Miller, Nopporn Thangthaeng, Grant A. Rutledge, Tammy M. Scott, Barbara Shukitt-Hale
Summary: Research has shown that dietary supplementation with strawberries can improve cognitive functions in rodent models of aging, and a study on older adults found that it can improve aspects of cognition but not gait or balance. Further studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up are needed to confirm these findings.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Amy S. Paller, Eric L. Simpson, Elaine C. Siegfried, Michael J. Cork, Andreas Wollenberg, Peter D. Arkwright, Weily Soong, Mercedes E. Gonzalez, Lynda C. Schneider, Robert Sidbury, Benjamin Lockshin, Steven Meltzer, Zhixiao Wang, Leda P. Mannent, Nikhil Amin, Yiping Sun, Elizabeth Laws, Bolanle Akinlade, Myles Dillon, Matthew P. Kosloski, Mohamed A. Kamal, Ariane Dubost-Brama, Naimish Patel, David M. Weinreich, George D. Yancopoulos, John T. O'Malley, Ashish Bansal
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of dupilumab with low-potency topical corticosteroids in children aged 6 months to younger than 6 years with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. The results showed that dupilumab significantly improved atopic dermatitis signs and symptoms versus placebo in children younger than 6 years, with well tolerated and acceptable safety profile similar to older children and adults.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Raymond Hang Wun Li, Sue Seen Tsing Lo, Kristina Gemzell-Danielsson, Carol Ho Yi Fong, Pak Chung Ho, Ernest Hung Yu Ng
Summary: This study found that co-administration of oral piroxicam 40 mg with levonorgestrel improved the efficacy of emergency contraception. The use of piroxicam could be considered in clinical settings where levonorgestrel emergency contraception is the chosen option.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Nicolino Ruperto, Hermine Brunner, Olga Synoverska, Tracy Ting, Carlos Abud Mendoza, Alberto Spindler, Yulia Vyzhga, Katherine Marzan, Lyudmila Grebenkina, Irit Tirosh, Lisa Imundo, Rita Jerath, Daniel J. Kingsbury, Betul Sozeri, Sheetal S. Vora, Sampath Prahalad, Elena Zholobova, Yonatan Butbul Aviel, Vyacheslav Chasnyk, Melissa Lerman, Kabita Nanda, Heinrike Schmeling, Heather Tory, Yosef Uziel, Diego O. Viola, Holly B. Posner, Keith S. Kanik, Ann Wouters, Cheng Chang, Richard Zhang, Irina Lazariciu, Ming-Ann Hsu, Ricardo M. Suehiro, Alberto Martini, Daniel J. Lovell
Summary: The trial showed that tofacitinib is an effective treatment for patients with polyarticular course JIA. New oral therapies are particularly relevant for children and adolescents, who might prefer to avoid injections.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Patrick Gavin Kehoe, Nicholas Turner, Beth Howden, Lina Jarutyte, Shona Louise Clegg, Ian Brian Malone, Josephine Barnes, Casper Nielsen, Carole Helene Sudre, Aileen Wilson, Ngoc Jade Thai, Peter Sinclair Blair, Elizabeth Coulthard, Janet Athene Lane, Peter Passmore, Jodi Taylor, Henk-Jan Mutsaerts, David Lee Thomas, Nick Charles Fox, Ian Wilkinson, Yoav Ben-Shlomo
Summary: The study investigated the impact of losartan on brain volume loss in clinically diagnosed mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease patients. The results showed that 12 months of losartan treatment did not significantly reduce brain atrophy. Additionally, there were no significant differences in total volume reduction and adverse events between the treatment and placebo groups.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marco Zuin, Antonio Cherubini, Stefano Volpato, Luigi Ferrucci, Giovanni Zuliani
Summary: This study evaluated the effect of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) on cognitive decline and overall survival in older patients with late onset Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, or Lewy body disease. The results showed that AChEIs treatment was associated with slower cognitive decline and reduced mortality.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sube Banerjee, Juliet High, Susan Stirling, Lee Shepstone, Ann Marie Swart, Tanya Telling, Catherine Henderson, Clive Ballard, Peter Bentham, Alistair Burns, Nicolas Farina, Chris Fox, Paul Francis, Robert Howard, Martin Knapp, Iracema Leroi, Gill Livingston, Ramin Nilforooshan, Shirley Nurock, John O'Brien, Annabel Price, Alan J. Thomas, Naji Tabet
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of mirtazapine, an antidepressant, for treating agitation in patients with dementia. The findings showed that mirtazapine did not reduce agitation symptoms compared to placebo, and there was a potentially higher mortality rate associated with mirtazapine use.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Chris Hawkey, Anthony Avery, Carol A. C. Coupland, Colin Crooks, Jennifer Dumbleton, F. D. Richard Hobbs, Denise Kendrick, Michael Moore, Clive Morris, Gregory Rubin, Murray Smith, Diane Stevenson
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether eradication of Helicobacter pylori would protect against aspirin-associated peptic ulcer bleeding. The results showed a significant reduction in bleeding risk during the first 2.5 years after H. pylori eradication, but this advantage diminished with longer follow-up.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Brad H. Rovin, Y. K. Onno Teng, Ellen M. Ginzler, Cristina Arriens, Dawn J. Caster, Juanita Romero-Diaz, Keisha Gibson, Joshua Kaplan, Laura Lisk, Sandra Navarra, Samir V. Parikh, Simrat Randhawa, Neil Solomons, Robert B. Huizinga
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of voclosporin for the treatment of lupus nephritis, showing a superior complete renal response rate with voclosporin in combination with MMF and low-dose steroids compared to MMF and low-dose steroids alone. The safety profile was comparable between the two groups. This finding represents an important advancement in the treatment of patients with active lupus nephritis.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Christopher Etherton-Beer, Amy Page, Vasi Naganathan, Kathleen Potter, Tracy Comans, Sarah N. Hilmer, Andrew J. McLachlan, Richard Lindley, Dee Mangin
Summary: This study investigated the effects of deprescribing multiple medications in older people and found that deprescribing reduced the total number of medicines used per participant. However, the impact of deprescribing on survival and other clinical outcomes remains uncertain due to the failure to meet recruitment targets.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Theng Choon Ooi, Azizan Ahmad, Nor Fadilah Rajab, Razinah Sharif
Summary: This study investigated the effects of milk intake, particularly bovine colostrum-enriched skim milk, among older adults. The results showed that consuming bovine colostrum-enriched skim milk could lead to various health benefits, including weight loss, improved physical fitness, enhanced memory, and reduced cholesterol levels.
INTERNATIONAL DAIRY JOURNAL
(2024)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Damon P. Eisen, Karin Leder, Robyn L. Woods, Jessica E. Lockery, Sarah L. McGuinness, Rory Wolfe, David Pilcher, Elizabeth M. Moore, Adithya Shastry, Mark R. Nelson, Christopher M. Reid, John J. McNeil, Emma S. McBryde
Summary: The study found that daily low-dose aspirin treatment did not reduce deaths associated with sepsis in community dwelling older adults. The findings do not support the use of aspirin as a primary prevention strategy to reduce the burden of sepsis in this population.
LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Michelle Petri, Ian N. Bruce, Thomas Doerner, Yoshiya Tanaka, Eric F. Morand, Kenneth C. Kalunian, Mario H. Cardiel, Maria E. Silk, Christina L. Dickson, Gabriella Meszaros, Lu Zhang, Bochao Jia, Youna Zhao, Conor J. McVeigh, Marta Mosca
Summary: Baricitinib, an oral inhibitor of Janus kinase 1 and 2, was evaluated as a treatment for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in a 52-week phase 3 study. The study found that baricitinib did not significantly improve SLE disease activity compared with placebo, and there were no new safety concerns.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ingrid Myrvoll Lorentzen, Jacob Espenes, Erik Hessen, Knut Waterloo, Geir Brathen, Santiago Timon, Dag Aarsland, Tormod Fladby, Bjorn-Eivind Kirsebom
Summary: The study developed regression-based norms for the FAS phonemic fluency test and found that years of education was the only significant predictor of test performance. The proposed norms provided a more accurate adjustment for demographics in the Norwegian population compared to American norms.
APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY-ADULT
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Daniel Freeman, Sinead Lambe, Ly-Mee Yu, Jason Freeman, Andrew Chadwick, Cristian Vaccari, Felicity Waite, Laina Rosebrock, Ariane Petit, Samantha Vanderslott, Stephan Lewandowsky, Michael Larkin, Stefania Innocenti, Helen McShane, Andrew J. Pollard, Bao Sheng Loe
Summary: Blood-injection-injury fears contribute to approximately 10% of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in the UK adult population. Addressing these fears can improve the effectiveness of vaccination programs.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Serena Sabatini, Obioha C. Ukoumunne, Clive Ballard, Rachel Collins, Sarang Kim, Anne Corbett, Dag Aarsland, Adam Hampshire, Helen Brooker, Linda Clare
Summary: This study explored the factors associated with subjective age, finding that it may result from the interaction between factors that increase or decrease age-related thoughts and mental processes. The results show that individuals reporting an older subjective age are more likely to experience significant negative changes and engage in negative age-related thoughts. Women experience a more negative subjective age and more age-related events than men.
PSYCHOLOGY & HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Daniel Freeman, Laina Rosebrock, Felicity Waite, Bao Sheng Loe, Thomas Kabir, Ariane Petit, Robert Dudley, Kate Chapman, Anthony Morrison, Eileen O'Regan, Charlotte Aynsworth, Julia Jones, Elizabeth Murphy, Rosie Powling, Heather Peel, Harry Walker, Rory Byrne, Jason Freeman, Aitor Rovira, Ushma Galal, Ly-Mee Yu, David M. Clark, Sinead Lambe
Summary: This study assessed the experience of patients with psychosis receiving virtual reality therapy and found that the majority of patients were very satisfied with the therapy, experienced few side effects, and the occurrence of side effects did not impact therapy outcomes.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Dag Aarsland, Khadija Khalifa, Anne K. Bergland, Hogne Soennesyn, Ketil Oppedal, Lise B. A. Holteng, Ragnhild Oesterhus, Arne Nakling, Jonas A. Jarholm, Chiara de Lucia, Tormod Fladby, Helen Brooker, Ingvild Dalen, Clive Ballard
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the safety and effectiveness of anthocyanins, a nutritional compound, in maintaining cognitive functioning in older people. The 24-week trial on 206 participants with mild cognitive impairment or cardiometabolic disorders showed that anthocyanin supplementation was safe and well-tolerated. Although there was no significant group difference in episodic memory at the end of the study, there were significant differences in slopes during weeks 8-24, with improvement in the anthocyanin group and deterioration in the placebo group.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Oleg O. Glebov, David Williamson, Dylan M. Owen, Tibor Hortobagyi, Claire Troakes, Dag Aarsland
NEUROPATHOLOGY AND APPLIED NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Ingvild Vollo Eliassen, Bjorn-Eivind Kirsebom, Tormod Fladby, Knut Waterloo, Sigrid Botne Sando, Mathilde Suhr Hemminghyth, Dag Aarsland, Santiago Timon-Reina, Anders Wallin, Fredrik Ohman, Marie Eckerstrom, Erik Hessen
Summary: This study aimed to develop 2-year cognitive change norms for adults aged 41-84 and evaluated these norms in groups with AD biomarkers. The results showed that the group with cognitive complaints exhibited a trend of cognitive decline, with the A+T/N+ subgroup showing the most significant decline.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Gavin R. Stewart, Anne Corbett, Clive Ballard, Byron Creese, Dag Aarsland, Adam Hampshire, Helen Brooker, Rebecca A. Charlton, Francesca Happe
Summary: Cognitive differences in memory, information processing speed, and executive functions are common in autistic and high autistic trait populations. Older adults with high autistic traits experience more difficulties in memory, IPS, and EF tasks compared to those with low autistic traits. Further research is needed to examine age-related changes in cognitive profiles of older adults with autism traits.
Editorial Material
Oncology
Sarah P. Blagden, Ly-Mee Yu, Stephanie Ellis, Helen Hughes, Abeer Shaaban, Jonathan Fennelly-Barnwell, Mark P. Lythgoe, Alison M. Cooper, Francois M. Maignen, Sean W. Buckland, Pamela R. Kearns, Louise C. Brown
Summary: This article highlights the importance of conducting CID trials during the COVID-19 pandemic and the challenges that need to be addressed. To ensure rapid recruitment, trial teams had to make concessions and adaptations. In the context of cancer trials, three new recommendations have been added to improve inclusivity, uptake, and efficiency.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Christopher C. Butler, F. D. Richard Hobbs, Oghenekome A. Gbinigie, Najib M. Rahman, Gail Hayward, Duncan B. Richards, Jienchi Dorward, David M. Lowe, Joseph F. Standing, Judith Breuer, Saye Khoo, Stavros Petrou, Kerenza Hood, Jonathan S. Nguyen-Van-Tam, Mahendra G. Patel, Benjamin R. Saville, Joe Marion, Emma Ogburn, Julie Allen, Heather Rutter, Nick Francis, Nicholas P. B. Thomas, Philip Evans, Melissa Dobson, Tracie-Ann Madden, Jane Holmes, Victoria Harris, May Ee Png, Mark Lown, Oliver van Hecke, Michelle A. Detry, Christina T. Saunders, Mark Fitzgerald, Nicholas S. Berry, Lazaro Mwandigha, Ushma Galal, Sam Mort, Bhautesh D. Jani, Nigel D. Hart, Haroon Ahmed, Daniel Butler, Micheal McKenna, Jem Chalk, Layla Lavallee, Elizabeth Hadley, Lucy Cureton, Magdalena Benysek, Monique Andersson, Maria Coates, Sarah Barrett, Clare Bateman, Jennifer C. Davies, Ivy Raymundo-Wood, Andrew Ustianowski, Andrew Carson-Stevens, Ly-Mee Yu, Paul Little
Summary: This study aimed to determine the safety, effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness of molnupiravir in vaccinated high-risk patients in the community. The results showed that molnupiravir did not reduce hospital admissions or deaths associated with COVID-19 compared to usual care in this population.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Oleg O. Glebov, Christoph Mueller, Robert Stewart, Dag Aarsland, Gayan Perera
Summary: A retrospective study found that antidepressant drugs, especially selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, may reduce the risk of COVID-19 infection. However, the study was limited to a cohort of mental health outpatients and further prospective studies are needed to validate their potential preventative effect.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Zsofia Csajbok, Dag Aarsland, Pavla Cermakova
Summary: This epidemiological study aimed to explore the temporal relationship between depressive symptoms and cognitive function. The results demonstrated a bidirectional association between the two, with cognitive function initially having a slightly stronger impact on depressive symptoms, and depressive symptoms having a stronger impact on cognitive function during follow-up. However, within-person effects showed a dominant influence of depressive symptoms on cognitive function.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Oliver Beuthin, Kamaldeep Bhui, Ly-Mee Yu, Sadiya Shahid, Louay Almidani, Mariah Malak Bilalaga, Roshan Hussein, Alnarjes Harba, Yasmine Nasser
Summary: The study aims to increase access to mental health treatment for Syrian asylum seekers and refugees in the UK by culturally adapting a digital intervention to reduce suicidal ideation. The study will use experience-based co-design and conduct interviews to understand their experiences and perceptions. The results will be published in December 2023.
JMIR RESEARCH PROTOCOLS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Melanie Le Sayec, Diogo Carregosa, Khadija Khalifa, Chiara de Lucia, Dag Aarsland, Claudia N. Santos, Ana Rodriguez-Mateos
Summary: This study investigated the presence of (poly)phenol and methylxanthine metabolites in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid from individuals at risk of dementia and predicted their transport mechanism across the blood-brain barrier using in silico modeling. The results suggest that (poly)phenols and methylxanthines can cross the blood-brain barrier via passive diffusion or transport carriers to exert neuroprotective effects.