Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Flavia A. Graca, Mamta Rai, Liam C. Hunt, Anna Stephan, Yong-Dong Wang, Brittney Gordon, Ruishan Wang, Giovanni Quarato, Beisi Xu, Yiping Fan, Myriam Labelle, Fabio Demontis
Summary: Myofiber atrophy is a key feature of cancer-induced wasting, and the muscle-secreted factor Fibcd1 plays an important role in maintaining myofiber size and mitigating atrophy induced by cachexia.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Muriel Giron, Muriel Thomas, Dominique Dardevet, Christophe Chassard, Isabelle Savary-Auzeloux
Summary: Evidence suggests that gut microbiota composition and diversity can have an impact on skeletal muscle metabolism and functionality. The signals generated by the gut microbiome can regulate muscle functionality via modulation of inflammation and insulin sensitivity. More studies are needed to identify specific strains of bacteria that can optimize muscle mass and function. Personalized nutrition and testing the efficiency of probiotics in different populations are essential. The combination of bacteria, prebiotics, and other supplements may be the best approach to preserve muscle functionality in individuals of all ages.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Masaaki Konishi, Eiichi Akiyama, Yasushi Matsuzawa, Ryosuke Sato, Shinnosuke Kikuchi, Hidefumi Nakahashi, Nobuhiko Maejima, Noriaki Iwahashi, Masami Kosuge, Toshiaki Ebina, Kiyoshi Hibi, Toshihiro Misumi, Stephan von Haehling, Stefan D. Anker, Kouichi Tamura, Kazuo Kimura
Summary: The study found that more than half of heart failure patients had reduced muscle mass, and lower values of both muscle and fat mass were associated with higher mortality in heart failure.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Luke A. Baker, Thomas F. O'Sullivan, Katherine A. Robinson, Matthew P. M. Graham-Brown, Rupert W. Major, Robert U. Ashford, Alice C. Smith, Andrew Philp, Emma L. Watson
Summary: Researchers systematically characterized muscle cells derived from chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, finding higher rates of protein degradation and anabolic resistance to IGF-1 compared to controls. This suggests that these cells can serve as a reliable model for studying CKD-related muscle wasting.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Dean G. Campelj, Craig A. Goodman, Emma Rybalka
Summary: In addition to cancer-related factors, anti-cancer chemotherapy treatment can lead to the development of cachexia, which includes severe muscle wasting. Despite evidence regarding chemotherapy-induced myopathy, there is limited research on therapeutic strategies to protect muscles during anti-cancer treatment. More focus is needed on understanding and addressing the impact of specific chemotherapeutic agents on muscle wasting.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Steffen H. Raun, Kristian Buch-Larsen, Peter Schwarz, Lykke Sylow
Summary: Metabolic dysfunction is a common comorbidity of many types of cancers, and exercise may have a positive impact on correcting this condition. However, there is limited research on the effects of exercise on cancer-associated metabolic disruption, highlighting the need for further investigation. Future studies should aim to clarify how exercise can correct metabolic dysfunction in cancer patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Gabriela S. de Castro, Joanna Correia-Lima, Estefania Simoes, Camila E. Orsso, Jingjie Xiao, Leonardo R. Gama, Silvio P. Gomes, Daniela Caetano Goncalves, Raquel G. F. Costa, Katrin Radloff, Ulrike Lenz, Anna E. Taranko, Fang Chia Bin, Fernanda B. Formiga, Louisie G. L. de Godoy, Rafael P. de Souza, Luis H. A. Nucci, Mario Feitoza, Claudio C. de Castro, Flavio Tokeshi, Paulo S. M. Alcantara, Jose P. Otoch, Alexandre F. Ramos, Alessandro Laviano, Dario Coletti, Vera C. Mazurak, Carla M. Prado, Marilia Seelaender
Summary: This study found that the content of myokines in skeletal muscle, plasma, and tumors is impacted by cachexia, with decreased FSTL-1 expression in skeletal muscle and increased levels of FABP3, IL-15, and irisin found in cachectic patients. Additionally, indices of lumbar adipose tissue and muscularity were lower in cachexia patients.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Trace Thome, Kyoungrae Kim, Gengfu Dong, Terence E. E. Ryan
Summary: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects 700 million people worldwide and leads to the loss of muscle mass and function. Mitochondrial and redox alterations have been found to be involved in CKD-associated myopathy, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Effective treatments to improve muscle health in CKD are still lacking.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qianrui Huang, Mengling Wu, Xuyi Wu, Yiwen Zhang, Yong Xia
Summary: Physical exercise plays an important role in cancer treatment by reducing cancer risk, enhancing therapeutic efficacy, and improving prognosis. Skeletal muscles secrete myokines, which can directly influence cancer progression and inflammation. Myokines also have the potential to regulate the tumor microenvironment. They are potential targets for inhibiting cancer progression and cachexia.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-REVIEWS ON CANCER
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Shawna L. McMillin, Everett C. Minchew, Dawn A. Lowe, Espen E. Spangenburg
Summary: The importance of understanding sex differences in biological and physiological mechanisms is now more recognized. It is crucial to consider sex as a biological variable when developing interventions for muscle wasting conditions. However, the effects of sex or sex hormones on muscle wasting are still not well understood. While recent investigations are making progress in assessing the impact of sex-specific hormones, more scientific tools are needed in this field.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Michael R. Deyhle, Chandler S. Callaway, Daria Neyroud, Andrew C. D'Lugos, Sarah M. Judge, Andrew R. Judge
Summary: In this study, the researchers found that anti-Ly6G treatment reduced cancer-induced skeletal muscle wasting in a pancreatic cancer model, possibly by decreasing the number of Ly6G+ cells in the tumor and skeletal muscle.
Article
Cell Biology
Wenlan Li, Jennifer Trieu, Ronnie Blazev, Benjamin L. Parker, Kate T. Murphy, Kristy Swiderski, Gordon S. Lynch
Summary: Cancer cachexia is a common condition in cancer patients, where loss of skeletal muscle mass affects treatment response and quality of life. Sulforaphane (SFN), a natural antioxidant found in cruciferous vegetables, has been shown to decrease oxidative stress. This study investigated whether SFN could attenuate muscle wasting induced by cancer cells and chemotherapy, and found that SFN was able to prevent muscle atrophy and activate antioxidant signaling pathways.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Xiangyu Sui, Xiangyu Mao, Guohao Wu, Qingyang Meng
Summary: This study aims to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between non-cachectic and cachectic cancer patients and elucidate their functions in skeletal muscle atrophy. The results show that inflammatory cytokines and immune responses significantly contribute to the pathological condition of cachexia. DUSP1 is identified as a key gene in the regulating network and its expression is increased in skeletal muscle tissues from patients with cancer cachexia. DUSP1 promotes muscle atrophy by inhibiting myogenesis.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Britt van de Haterd, Kenneth Verboven, Frank Vandenabeele, Anouk Agten
Summary: Up to 60% of colorectal cancer patients develop cachexia, which is associated with adverse events during therapy. The main manifestation is skeletal muscle mass loss due to imbalance in protein synthesis and degradation. Systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, and proteolytic systems result in mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to imbalanced skeletal muscle metabolism. The role of mitochondria in the development of cancer cachexia remains unclear.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Pengfei Ren, Xinyue Yu, Qingjuan Tang, Yuchen Huan, Jie Xu, Yuming Wang, Changhu Xue
Summary: This study aimed to assess whether astaxanthin ameliorates weight loss and skeletal muscle atrophy in sorafenib-treated hepatocellular carcinoma mice. The results showed that astaxanthin significantly delayed weight loss and skeletal muscle atrophy in sorafenib-treated mice, without affecting food intake. Astaxanthin enhanced glucose competition in skeletal muscle by targeting the PI3K/Akt/GLUT4 signaling pathway, thereby slowing skeletal muscle atrophy. These findings indicate the significant potential of astaxanthin as a nutritional supplement for cancer patients and the importance of implementing nutritional interventions at the initiation of cancer treatment rather than waiting for cachexia to occur.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2023)