Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Tomiko Yoneda, Nathan A. Lewis, Jamie E. Knight, Jonathan Rush, Rebecca Vendittelli, Luca Kleineidam, Jinshil Hyun, Andrea M. Piccinin, Scott M. Hofer, Emiel O. Hoogendijk, Carol A. Derby, Martin Scherer, Steffi Riedel-Heller, Michael Wagner, Ardo van den Hout, Wenyu Wang, David A. Bennett, Graciela Muniz-Terrera
Summary: The study found that engaging in physical activity, especially before the onset of cognitive impairment, significantly reduces the risk of transitioning from nonimpaired to mildly impaired cognitive functioning and extends life expectancy. Additionally, physical activity also has a protective effect after the onset of cognitive impairment, although there is some heterogeneity between study results.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Narueporn Likhitweerawong, Orawan Louthrenoo, Nonglak Boonchooduang, Hathaipohn Tangwijitsakul, Manit Srisurapanont
Summary: This study examines the predictability between child weight status and executive function, revealing a bidirectional relationship. These findings have potential benefits for implementation in childcare systems.
Article
Psychology
Jeromy Anglim, Patrick Damien Dunlop, Serena Wee, Sharon Horwood, Joshua K. Wood, Andrew Marty
Summary: This study provides a comprehensive assessment of the associations of personality and intelligence, showing that openness and neuroticism are the strongest correlates of intelligence among the Big Five personality factors. Different personality traits have varying impacts on intelligence, providing the most nuanced and robust evidence to date of the relationship between personality and intelligence.
PSYCHOLOGICAL BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Julia A. Lejeune, Andrew Northrop, Matthew M. Kurtz
Summary: Randomized, controlled studies of cognitive remediation for schizophrenia have increased in number over the past 20 years, showing significant small-to-moderate improvements in cognition and function. The active elements of cognitive remediation treatment remain unknown, but programs utilizing discussion groups and strategy-coaching have shown more significant cognitive improvements. Future research should focus on enhancing the generalization of cognitive improvements to overall function.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Naoise Mac Giollabhui, Tommy H. Ng, Lauren M. Ellman, Lauren B. Alloy
Summary: The study found bidirectional prospective associations between depression and inflammatory biomarkers, especially for IL-6. However, the strength and importance of this relationship may be obscured by the heterogeneity in depression and methodological differences in studies.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Wentao Li, Xin Ye, Dawei Zhu, Ping He
Summary: The meta-analysis confirmed the association between retirement and depression, indicating that retirement was related to more depressive symptoms, with a stronger association with involuntary retirement. In Eastern developed countries, retirement was significantly associated with more depressive symptoms, but the connection varied depending on the type of retirement and country.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Saioa Sobrino-Relano, Yolanda Balboa-Bandeira, Javier Pena, Naroa Ibarretxe-Bilbao, Leire Zubiaurre-Elorza, Natalia Ojeda
Summary: Long-term persistent symptoms of COVID-19 can have a significant impact on patients' cognitive abilities and overall health. The objective of this study was to analyze and summarize the existing evidence of cognitive deficits in patients who have recovered from COVID-19. The results showed that recovered patients exhibited significant cognitive impairments compared to healthy individuals.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sam Asher, Ruth Stephen, Paivi Mantyla, Anna Liisa Suominen, Alina Solomon
Summary: This review found that poor periodontal health, including periodontitis and tooth loss, is associated with cognitive decline and dementia. Tooth loss, in particular, is found to independently increase the risk of cognitive decline and dementia. However, the overall evidence quality is low, with associations potentially influenced by reverse causality. Further well-designed studies are needed to establish more robust conclusions.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Matthew Scott, Jenni Leppanen, Melissa Allen, Chris Jarrold, Felicity Sedgewick
Summary: The study examines the mental health and coping styles of autistic university students over the course of an academic year. The results indicate that while mental health levels remain stable, coping styles may be a target for intervention.
JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
(2023)
Review
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Yihan Zhang, Geng Li, Chengzhen Liu, Huohong Chen, Jianping Guo, Zifu Shi
Summary: This study conducted a network meta-analysis to compare the effectiveness of six different exercise types in reducing Internet addiction and maintaining mental health. The results showed that single sport, team sport, double sport, team + double sport, and team + double + single sport had significant effects on improving Internet addiction, and single sport, team sport, and double sport were effective in improving mental health. Double sport was identified as the best choice for improving Internet addiction and mental health among Internet-addicted students.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Haoyuan Zheng, Xuecong Miao, Yang Dong, Daniel-Chongbo Yuan
Summary: This study examines the impact of cohesive ties on reading comprehension through the cognitive process of grammatical knowledge. A meta-analysis of empirical results published between 1998 and 2021 is conducted to investigate the correlation between grammatical knowledge and reading comprehension. The study includes 86 studies and a total of 14,852 readers from primary school to university. The results indicate a large overall correlation effect size between grammatical knowledge and reading comprehension, with a confirmed significant interaction effect of the grade group.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Israel Contador, Patricia Alzola, Yaakov Stern, Alejandro de la Torre-Luque, Felix Bermejo-Pareja, Bernardino Fernandez-Calvo
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analyses to examine the effect of socio-behavioral cognitive reserve proxies on cognitive decline after stroke. The findings showed that high education is associated with a decreased rate of post-stroke dementia, and other CR proxies demonstrate a protective effect against non-dementia cognitive decline after stroke. The results suggest that CR may prevent cognitive decline after stroke, but this effect can be influenced by different factors such as the CR proxy and individual characteristics.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Shen Gao, Shaofei Su, Enjie Zhang, Ruixia Liu, Yue Zhang, Chengrong Wang, Jianhui Liu, Shuanghua Xie, Chenghong Yin, Wentao Yue
Summary: During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a significantly higher prevalence of psychological symptoms among postpartum women, particularly in those who were more than 6 weeks postpartum, younger than 35 years old, of low income and education, and formula feeding.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Andrea R. Zammit, Andrea M. Piccinin, Emily C. Duggan, Andriy Koval, Sean Clouston, Annie Robitaille, Cassandra L. Brown, Philipp Handschuh, Chenkai Wu, Valerie Jarry, Deborah Finkel, Raquel B. Graham, Graciela Muniz-Terrera, Marcus Praetorius Bjork, David Bennett, Dorly J. Deeg, Boo Johansson, Mindy J. Katz, Jeffrey Kaye, Richard B. Lipton, Mike Martin, Nancy L. Pederson, Avron Spiro, Daniel Zimprich, Scott M. Hofer
Summary: The study found a moderate association between changes in handgrip strength and changes in cognitive domains, with high heterogeneity across studies. These findings suggest that the association between handgrip strength changes and cognitive function changes varies, and future research can explore individual patterns of change to understand this heterogeneity.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES B-PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Angela C. C. Jochems, Carmen Arteaga, Francesca Chappell, Tuula Ritakari, Monique Hooley, Fergus Doubal, Susana Munoz Maniega, Joanna M. Wardlaw
Summary: This study aims to assess the longitudinal intraindividual changes in white matter hyperintensities (WMH) volume in sporadic small vessel disease (SVD). The study found that WMH regression is a possible phenomenon in SVD patients.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Youngseo Son, Sean A. P. Clouston, Roman Kotov, Johannes C. Eichstaedt, Evelyn J. Bromet, Benjamin J. Luft, H. Andrew Schwartz
Summary: This study demonstrates the value of AI in understanding PTSD in a vulnerable population. Future studies should extend this application to other trauma exposures and to other demographic groups, especially under-represented minorities.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Chuan Huang, Minos Kritikos, Mario Serrano Sosa, Thomas Hagan, Alan Domkan, Jaymie Meliker, Alison C. Pellecchia, Stephanie Santiago-Michels, Melissa A. Carr, Roman Kotov, Megan Horton, Sam Gandy, Mary Sano, Evelyn J. Bromet, Roberto G. Lucchini, Sean A. P. Clouston, Benjamin J. Luft
Summary: Responders to the 9/11 attacks at the World Trade Center who were exposed to toxic dust and experienced trauma for a long time are at increased risk for developing early-onset dementia and neuroinflammation in the hippocampus and cerebral white matter. The presence of the APOE epsilon 4 allele exacerbates this association.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sarah Gregory, Hannah Pullen, Craig W. Ritchie, Oliver M. Shannon, Emma J. Stevenson, Graciela Muniz-Terrera
Summary: This systematic review evaluated the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and hippocampal volume and white matter hyperintensity volume (WMHV). The results showed a link between the MedDiet and better cognitive performance, lower incidence of dementia, and lower Alzheimer's disease biomarker burden. However, the evidence on the association between the MedDiet and hippocampal volume or WMHV is still inconclusive.
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Anna E. Furtjes, Ryan Arathimos, Jonathan R. I. Coleman, James H. Cole, Simon R. Cox, Ian J. Deary, Javier de la Fuente, James W. Madole, Elliot M. Tucker-Drob, Stuart J. Ritchie
Summary: Understanding the neurodegenerative mechanisms of cognitive decline can help detect health issues in late life. This study explores the genetic links between brain morphometry, aging, and cognitive ability using Genomic Principal Components Analysis. The analysis reveals moderate shared genetic etiology between brain-wide morphometry and cognitive aging, suggesting a potential genetic basis for age-related cognitive decline.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
V. Kartik Chundru, Riccardo E. Marioni, James G. D. Prendergast, Tian Lin, Allan J. Beveridge, Nicholas G. Martin, Grant W. Montgomery, David A. Hume, Ian J. Deary, Peter M. Visscher, Naomi R. Wray, Allan F. McRae
Summary: Testing the effect of rare variants on phenotypic variation is challenging due to the need for large cohorts. This study investigates the effect of rare genetic variants on DNA methylation (DNAm) and demonstrates their role in phenotypic variation. The study also shows that extreme levels of DNAm have functional consequences on gene expression.
HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Frank D. Mann, Sean A. P. Clouston, Adolfo Cuevas, Monika A. Waszczuk, Pei-Fen Kuan, Melissa A. Carr, Anna R. Docherty, Andrea A. Shabalin, Sam E. Gandy, Benjamin J. Luft
Summary: This study investigates the association between genetic liability for Alzheimer's disease, PTSD, and educational attainment with cognitive impairment among World Trade Center responders, while considering demographic factors and indicators of 9/11 exposure severity. The results show that genetic liability for Alzheimer's disease and educational attainment are significantly associated with mild cognitive impairment, but PTSD and work type during rescue and recovery efforts have larger effect sizes.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2023)
Correction
Health Care Sciences & Services
Samineh Sanatkar, Isabelle Counson, Andrew Mackinnon, Alexandra Bartholomew, Nick Glozier, Samuel Harvey
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Linda Wanstrom, Patrick O'Keefe, Sean A. P. Clouston, Frank D. Mann, Graciela Muniz-Terrera, Stacey Voll, Yun Zhang, Scott M. Hofer, Joseph L. Rodgers
Summary: The Flynn effect refers to a consistent increase of approximately 3 IQ points per decade in measured intelligence, particularly fluid intelligence. This study examines the Flynn effect at the family level using longitudinal data and new family-level cohort definitions. The results show that children in families with later-born mothers have higher math scores but lower reading comprehension scores and growth in their childhood, while children in families with later first-born children have higher math and reading scores as well as larger developmental growth. These family-level Flynn effects are larger than the individual-level Flynn effect found in previous studies, suggesting the need for further research to explain the Flynn effect.
JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENCE
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Mark Deady, Daniel A. J. Collins, Isobel Lavender, Andrew Mackinnon, Nicholas Glozier, Richard Bryant, Helen Christensen, Samuel B. Harvey
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a smartphone-based intervention in preventing depression in workers with moderate stress levels. The results showed that the intervention group had significant reductions in depressive and anxiety symptoms, as well as improved work performance. However, the intervention did not show effectiveness in preventing clinically diagnosed depression in the intention-to-treat analysis.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Christiane J. El Khoury, Sean A. P. Clouston
Summary: This study investigates the five-year survival rates of prostate cancer patients in the United States, considering their socioeconomic status and discussing the role of healthcare access and disease severity. The results indicate that living in counties with lower income and education levels is associated with higher prostate cancer mortality rates, while better education levels are associated with lower mortality. However, these associations vary depending on race and ethnicity. The study suggests the need for tailored interventions to address these disparities and guide future research in improving prostate cancer survival rates by considering area-level characteristics and demographics.
Article
Immunology
Ginny Natale, Minos Kritikos, Pei-Fen Kuan, Melissa A. Carr, Xiaohua Yang, Yuan Yang, Roman Kotov, Evelyn J. Bromet, Sean A. P. Clouston, Benjamin J. Luft
Summary: This study examined the association between glial activation and PTSD in responders of the 9/11 World Trade Center attacks. The results showed that PTSD patients had lower levels of plasma GFAP, suggesting that re-experiencing traumatic events might cause glial suppression.
BRAIN, BEHAVIOR, & IMMUNITY - HEALTH
(2023)
Correction
Psychology, Clinical
J. R. Oltmanns, C. Ruggero, J. Miao, M. Waszczuk, Y. Yang, S. A. P. Clouston, E. J. Bromet, B. J. Luft, R. Kotov
CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ginny Natale, Yun Zhang, Douglas William Hanes, Sean A. P. Clouston
Summary: We estimated the conversion from cognitively normal to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to probable dementia and death for underweight, normal, overweight, and obese older adults. We found that obesity was protective against developing dementia and dementia-related mortality.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE AND OTHER DEMENTIAS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Dakota Handzlik, Lauren L. Richmond, Steven Skiena, Melissa A. Carr, Sean A. P. Clouston, Benjamin J. Luft
Summary: This study used computer vision methods to analyze scanned images and created an intelligent system to examine them. The system accurately distinguished different clock drawing tasks and predicted MoCA scores and the incidence of mild cognitive impairment.
ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA: DIAGNOSIS, ASSESSMENT & DISEASE MONITORING
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Philip J. Batterham, Aliza Werner-Seidler, Bridianne O'Dea, Alison L. Calear, Kate Maston, Andrew Mackinnon, Helen Christensen
Summary: Screening for psychological distress in adolescents is important, and the Distress Questionnaire-5 (DQ5) is a reliable measure for this purpose. The study found that DQ5 had good fit to a unidimensional construct, strong criterion and predictive validity, and sensitivity to change. The brevity and ease of interpretation of DQ5 make it suitable for screening in schools.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2024)
