Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Xianghua He, Jiaming Feng, Xue Cong, Hongyan Huang, Quanzhen Zhao, Qiuyan Shen, Fang Xu, Yanming Xu
Summary: This study investigated the association between venous blood biomarkers and respiratory function in ALS patients and created prediction models based on these biomarkers. The results showed that female patients, bulbar-onset, lower BMI, later age of onset, lower levels of creatinine, uric acid, and triglyceride, and higher level of HDL_C were related to reduced PEF. The prediction model can be useful for predicting respiratory impairment in clinical practice.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Chao Ji, Yang Xia, Huixu Dai, Zhiying Zhao, Tiancong Liu, Shuhui Tong, Xiaohang Zhang, Yuhong Zhao
Summary: This study aimed to determine age- and sex-specific reference values of PEF in the middle-aged and elderly Chinese population. PEF was found to decrease with age and be higher in men than in women. Factors such as height, weight, handgrip strength, and residence in rural areas were positively associated with PEF.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Natalie Busby, Sarah Newman-Norlund, Sara Sayers, Roger Newman-Norlund, Janina Wilmskoetter, Chris Rorden, Samaneh Nemati, Sarah Wilson, Nicholas Riccardi, Rebecca Roth, Lisa Johnson, Dirk B. den Ouden, Julius Fridriksson, Leonardo Bonilha
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and premature brain aging. The results indicated that lower SES is associated with premature brain aging.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Yun Li, Fuqiang Wen, Qianli Ma, Rongchang Chen, Yongchang Sun, Tiantian Liu, Chenjuan Gu, Shuling Hu, Jie Song, Chris Compton, Jinping Zheng, Nanshan Zhong, Paul Jones
Summary: The study tested the effectiveness of the CAPTURE tool in detecting COPD patients and found that it has high sensitivity and specificity to identify patients requiring treatment and those who may not require treatment.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Shane Hanon, Eef Vanderhelst, Walter Vincken, Daniel Schuermans, Sylvia Verbanck
Summary: This study aimed to obtain reproducible measurements of maximal inspiratory flow rates and to construct reference equations for peak in- and expiratory flows. Results indicated that following current standards for measurement can yield reproducible values for inspiratory and expiratory flows for routine clinical use.
Article
Physiology
David P. Byrne, Ben Keeshan, Giselle Hosgood, Andy Adler, Martina Mosing
Summary: Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is used as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for evaluating lung function. This study compared respiratory flow variables calculated from EIT measurements with spirometry variables in sedated research horses. The results showed good agreement between EIT-derived and spirometry-derived peak inspiratory and expiratory flows, and inspiratory and expiratory times. However, there was poor agreement for nadir flows. EIT can effectively quantify airflow changes and breathing patterns in sedated horses.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Kyle Kimura, Liping Du, Lynn D. Berry, Li-Ching Huang, Sheau-Chiann Chen, David O. Francis, Alexander Gelbard
Summary: This study established normative peak expiratory flow (PEF) data for patients with idiopathic subglottic stenosis (iSGS), and found that immediate changes in PEF after a procedure were not predictive of long-term treatment response or disease recurrence. Instead, a decline in longitudinal PEF over 90 days was associated with an increased risk of disease recurrence.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Seung Don Yoo, Eo Jin Park
Summary: This study aimed to examine the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and peak cough flow (PCF) in patients with ischemic stroke. The results showed a significant correlation between PCF parameters and serum vitamin D levels in patients with ischemic stroke. Serum vitamin D levels were also found to be a significant predictor of coughing function in patients with ischemic stroke.
Article
Biophysics
Tobias Hoehne, Christin Wenzel, Stefan Schumann
Summary: The study demonstrated that the homogenizing effects of FLEX on compartmental pressure distribution can be effective, especially in a simulated chest wall compliance setting. This mechanism may contribute to the lung protective effects of ventilation with FLEX.
PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASUREMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yang Xia, Hehua Zhang, Limin Cao, Yuhong Zhao
Summary: This study found that long-term use of solid fuels in cooking and heating by middle-aged and older adults in China is associated with reduced peak expiratory flow (PEF), especially in those aged 65 and older, females, and current or former smokers. Participants using solid fuels experienced a decrease in PEF compared to those using clean fuels, indicating the adverse effects of indoor air pollution on lung function in this population.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Tianpei Ma, Hongdao Meng, Zhiqiu Ye, Chaoyong Jia, Min Sun, Danping Liu
Summary: Health literacy is an important factor influencing the productive aging of older adults, with education attainment and income having direct positive effects on health literacy. Education has a partial indirect effect on productive aging through health literacy.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hiroshi Odajima, Hiroshi Matsuzaki, Yuko Akamine, Kaoru Kojima, Yoko Murakami, Ayako Yoshino, Akinori Takami, Kazuichi Hayakawa, Akinori Hara, Hiroyuki Nakamura
Summary: This study investigates the association between the ionic components of PM2.5 and respiratory symptoms or peak expiratory flow rate. The findings suggest that some ionic components of PM2.5 may increase the frequency of respiratory symptoms and decrease PEFR in patients with allergic diseases, highlighting the importance of further research and caution in clinical practice.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Optics
R. Arun Kumar, R. Sunil Kumar, S. Sreejyothi, Vimal Raj, M. S. Swapna, S. Sankararaman
Summary: The paper discusses the design, construction, and calibration process of an ESPI-based spirometer prototype, which is validated for assessing lung efficiency in biomedical applications.
OPTICS AND LASERS IN ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Thomas M. Gill, Robert D. Becher, Terrence E. Murphy, Evelyne A. Gahbauer, Linda Leo-Summers, Ling Han
Summary: The objective of this study was to identify factors associated with days away from home in the year after hospital discharge for major surgery. The study found that older persons aged 85 years and older, with low Short Physical Performance Battery scores, low peak expiratory flow, low functional self-efficacy, and those undergoing musculoskeletal surgery were independently associated with a higher number of days away from home. These risk factors can be used to identify older persons who are susceptible to spending a disproportionate amount of time away from home after major surgery, and can serve as targets for interventions to improve quality of life by reducing time spent in hospitals and other health care facilities.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yannick Stephan, Angelina R. Sutin, Martina Luchetti, Damaris Aschwanden, Pauline Caille, Antonio Terracciano
Summary: The present study explored the association between Five Factor Model personality traits and lung function and dyspnea. The results, derived from analyzing data from multiple samples, showed that higher levels of neuroticism were related to poorer lung function and higher risk of dyspnea. On the other hand, higher levels of extraversion, conscientiousness, openness, and agreeableness were associated with better lung function and lower risk of dyspnea.
RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Denis Mongin, Clovis Chabert, Delphine Sophie Courvoisier, Jeronimo Garcia-Romero, Jose Ramon Alvero-Cruz
Summary: This study proposes a cross-sectional study based on 980 maximal effort tests to investigate the effect of heart rate recovery (HRR) calculation methods on its association with cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). The results show that there is no significant association between HRR indices based on exponential regression and CRF. However, other HRR indices are associated with CRF when t(0) is at least 1 minute, with the strongest association observed at t(0) = 2 minutes for females and t(0) = 3 minutes for males.
RESEARCH IN SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Denis Mongin, Gaud Catho, Anne Iten, Stephan Harbarth, Delphine S. Courvoisier
Summary: An examination of COVID-19 cases and patient movements in Geneva reveals significant disease activity within the healthcare system, accounting for 4.3% of all cases and contributing to 62% of COVID-19-related deaths.
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Rheumatology
Alejandro Brigante, Barbara Russo, Denis Mongin, Kim Lauper, Daniele Allali, Delphine S. Courvoisier, Michele Iudici
Summary: This study aimed to assess the proportion, reasons, and factors associated with the discontinuation or nonpublication of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on connective tissue diseases (CTDs). The findings revealed that one-third of registered RCTs on CTDs fail to be completed or published, resulting in a waste of resources and raising ethical concerns. The study also found that small sample size is the only factor associated with study noncompletion and nonpublication.
ARTHRITIS CARE & RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Stephanie Schrempft, Olga Trofimova, Morgane Kuenzi, Bogdan Draganski, Matthias Kliegel, Silvia Stringhini
Summary: This study examined the associations between life-course socioeconomic conditions and cognitive performance in older adults. The findings suggest that socioeconomic disadvantage predicts lower cognitive performance across different domains, and individuals who experienced socioeconomic disadvantage performed worse than those who experienced upward social mobility. However, the associations between socioeconomic disadvantage and cognitive decline were less consistent.
AGING & MENTAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Olivier Desrichard, Neele Heiser, Olivier Renaud, Sascha Zuber, Michel Oris, Matthias Kliegel
Summary: According to this research, examiners' characteristics can influence participants' performance, especially when they activate stereotypes of the participant group. The study found that younger examiners, who activate age stereotypes, led to worse performance among older individuals.
CLINICAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGIST
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Erik Seesjarvi, Jasmin Puhakka, Eeva T. Aronen, Alexandra Hering, Sascha Zuber, Liya Merzon, Matthias Kliegel, Matti Laine, Juha Salmi
Summary: A recently developed virtual reality task, EPELI, assesses goal-directed behavior in naturalistic conditions. It was tested on 77 typically developing 9-13-year-old children to examine its properties. The study confirmed the reliability and ecological validity of EPELI for assessing attention, executive functions, and prospective memory in children.
PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH-PSYCHOLOGISCHE FORSCHUNG
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Florian Worschech, Clara E. James, Kristin Juenemann, Christopher Sinke, Tillmann H. C. Krueger, Daniel S. Scholz, Matthias Kliegel, Damien Marie, Eckart Altenmueller
Summary: Musical training can enhance fine motor skills, cognitive abilities, and induce changes in the structure of the brain. In this study, older adults were randomly assigned to either piano training or music listening. The results showed that practicing piano led to greater improvement in fine motor skills and working memory, and the consolidation of piano skills appeared to take place in sensorimotor networks.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
M. Kunzi, S. Sieber, E. Joly-Burra, S. Cullati, S. Bauermeister, S. Stringhini, B. Draganski, N. Ballhausen, M. Kliegel
Summary: This study investigated the impact of different adversities experienced at different life stages on cognitive aging. Data from the SHARE study with participants over 60 years were used to perform Structural Equation Modeling. The results showed that early life adversities, such as hunger and financial hardship, predicted lower cognitive performance in older age, while early adulthood adversities, including financial hardship and stress, predicted better cognitive performance. However, middle adulthood adversities did not significantly affect cognitive performance. These findings highlight the importance of considering the specific period effect and cognitive outcome domains when examining the association between adversity and cognition in older age.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Gerontology
Boris Cheval, Ilyes Saoudi, Silvio Maltagliati, Layan Fessler, Ata Farajzadeh, Stefan Sieber, Stephane Cullati, Matthieu P. Boisgontier
Summary: Higher levels of education are associated with higher levels and slower decreases in cognitive function, which in turn predict a lower decrease in physical activity across time. The study also reveals that differences in cognitive function and physical activity widen between the low and high educated over the aging process.
PSYCHOLOGY AND AGING
(2023)
Review
Psychology, Experimental
G. Laera, F. Borghese, A. Hering, M. Kliegel, G. Mioni
Summary: In older adults' everyday life, time-based prospective memory (TBPM) is relevant, but it is still unclear which task-related factors can potentially moderate the age-related differences. The present meta-analysis aimed to quantify age-related differences in laboratory TBPM tasks and investigate how specific task-related factors potentially moderate the age effects. The results showed that older adults performed worse in TBPM and checked the clock less often than younger adults, especially for shorter intervals. Furthermore, the duration of the PM target time interacted with the frequency of the PM task, suggesting that learning effects may attenuate the age differences in TBPM performance.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Cornelia Wagner, Stephane Cullati, Stefan Sieber, Tim Huijts, Arnaud Chiolero, Cristian Carmeli
Summary: This study used multi-generational multi-country data to examine the influence of family and country-level factors on educational gradients and inequalities in longevity. The findings suggest that individuals with lower education have shorter lifespans regardless of parental education. Additionally, increasing social net expenditure does not appear to decrease educational inequalities in longevity.
SSM-POPULATION HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Stefan Sieber, Angelique Roquet, Charikleia Lampraki, Daniela S. Jopp
Summary: This study aimed to examine the mediating factors linking multimorbidity with quality of life (QoL) and the moderating effects of sociodemographic factors. The results showed that functional and emotional/mental health were crucial mediators between multimorbidity and QoL, and the mediation pathways were moderated by age, gender, education, and financial strain.
INNOVATION IN AGING
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Maria-Eugenia Zaballa, Javier Perez-Saez, Carlos de Mestral, Nick Pullen, Julien Lamour, Priscilla Turelli, Charlene Raclot, Helene Baysson, Francesco Pennacchio, Jennifer Villers, Julien Duc, Viviane Richard, Roxane Dumont, Claire Semaani, Andrea Jutta Loizeau, Clement Graindorge, Elsa Lorthe, Jean-Francois Balavoine, Didier Pittet, Manuel Schibler, Nicolas Vuilleumier, Francois Chappuis, Omar Kherad, Andrew S. Azman, Klara M. Posfay-Barbe, Laurent Kaiser, Didier Trono, Silvia Stringhini, Idris Guessous
Summary: In Geneva, Switzerland, over 93.8% of the population has developed anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, with 72.4% acquired through infection. However, there is lower neutralization capacity against the Omicron BA.5 subvariant, especially in children under 12 years old. Additional booster doses after vaccination and infection can enhance neutralization capacity.
LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-EUROPE
(2023)
Article
Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism
Silvio Maltagliati, Philippe Sarrazin, Dominique Muller, Layan Fessler, Thibaud Ferry, Reinout W. Wiers, Boris Cheval
Summary: This study examined the effects of a personalized consequence-based approach-avoidance training (ABC training) on physical activity (PA). The results showed that although the ABC training did not significantly improve PA, it had positive effects on choices and automatic attitudes, suggesting that this intervention still has potential. Further research with intensive training and device-based measures of PA is needed.
PSYCHOLOGY OF SPORT AND EXERCISE
(2024)
