Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Casper Soendenbroe, Anders Karlsen, Rene B. Svensson, Michael Kjaer, Jesper L. Andersen, Abigail L. Mackey
Summary: This study reveals the relationship between myofiber shape and age in humans and suggests that it independently predicts volumetric and functional assessments of muscle health. Resistance training can modify the shape of myofibers.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Miguel Marco-Bonilla, Maria Fresnadillo, Raquel Largo, Gabriel Herrero-Beaumont, Aranzazu Mediero
Summary: The purinergic system plays a crucial role in maintaining energy balance and cellular signaling. Recent studies have found that purinergic receptors are involved in muscle wasting, and the purinergic system is considered a novel therapeutic target for managing sarcopenia.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Olga Maria Nardone, Roberto de Sire, Valentina Petito, Anna Testa, Guido Villani, Franco Scaldaferri, Fabiana Castiglione
Summary: Sarcopenia, characterized by muscle mass and function loss, poses a significant health burden in industrialized countries. Factors such as aging, inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and insulin resistance contribute to its pathogenesis. Recent studies show that gut microbiota play a crucial role in the development of muscle failure in inflammatory bowel disease patients.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jung Yoon Jang, Donghwan Kim, Nam Deuk Kim
Summary: Sarcopenia, the loss of muscle strength and mass in older individuals, is a major concern globally due to its impact on fall risk, disability, and mortality. Despite its clinical importance, sarcopenia is often under-recognized and poorly managed in routine clinical practice, primarily due to the lack of diagnostic testing and uniform criteria. While some countries have assigned disease codes for sarcopenia, there are currently no approved pharmacological treatments, with interventions primarily focusing on physical therapy and protein intake.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Feng-Min Zhang, Xiao-Lei Chen, Qian Wu, Wen-Xi Dong, Qian-Tong Dong, Xian Shen, Han-Ping Shi, Zhen Yu, Cheng-Le Zhuang
Summary: This study developed and validated nomograms for predicting low muscle mass and muscle radiodensity based on preoperative data in gastric cancer patients. The nomograms showed good discrimination and calibration in diagnosing sarcopenia and malnutrition, with high agreement ratios between the nomograms and actual observations. These diagnostic tools can facilitate early identification and interventions for at-risk populations.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Malcolm J. Jackson, Natalie Pollock, Caroline Staunton, Samantha Jones, Anne McArdle
Summary: Research has shown that reactive oxygen species are generated in skeletal muscle during exercise and play important roles in muscle adaptations. This review aims to summarize the current understanding of the redox signaling roles of these species in mediating muscle responses to contractile activity, with a focus on the effects of aging. Additionally, evidence is provided suggesting that disruption of muscle mitochondria's redox status due to age-associated denervation may contribute to a weakening of muscle responses to contractile activity.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Tao Huang, Chaoran Liu, Can Cui, Ning Zhang, Wing Hoi Cheung, Ronald Man Yeung Wong
Summary: This paper presents a systematic review of studies investigating the effects of fatty acid supplementation in potentially preventing and treating sarcopenia. It concludes that fatty acids have proven their value in improving sarcopenia in pre-clinical experiments, but current clinical studies show controversial results. Further research is needed to study the mechanisms and assess the effectiveness of using fatty acids in humans.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mark M. Manago, Bryant A. Seamon, Katie L. Boncella, Mitchell T. Wallin, Heidi Maloni, Brian Hoover, Marc R. Blackman, Michael O. Harris-Love
Summary: This study used ultrasound technology to measure muscle morphology in people with multiple sclerosis (MS) and found asymmetries in lower limb muscle morphology. Muscle thickness was associated with age, muscle strength, and gait speed, while echogenicity was only associated with muscle strength. The results of this study suggest that ultrasound technology can be used to assess muscle morphology in people with MS and is related to important clinical factors.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Rosaly Correa-de Araujo, William J. Evans, Roger A. Fielding, Venkatesh Krishnan, Robert H. Carter, James Appleby, Jack Guralnik, Lloyd B. Klickstein, Peter Marks, Alison A. Moore, Sue Peschin, Shalender Bhasin
Summary: Functional limitations and physical disabilities caused by aging and chronic diseases are significant issues that require the expedited development of function-promoting therapies. Collaboration among stakeholders is necessary to address this complex public health problem.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Olivier Le Bacquer, Jerome Salles, Fabiana Piscitelli, Phelipe Sanchez, Vincent Martin, Christophe Montaurier, Vincenzo Di Marzo, Stephane Walrand
Summary: Sarcopenia in old rats is characterized by a significant decrease in muscle mass and function, associated with alterations in endocannabinoid levels in plasma, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue. The findings suggest that changes in endocannabinoid tone are linked to sarcopenia, and OEA levels in plasma may be a potential biomarker for skeletal muscle function and loss of locomotor activity.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Carlijn A. Wagenaar, Louise H. Dekker, Gerjan J. Navis
Summary: The study assessed the prevalence and determinants of sarcopenic obesity (SO) and sarcopenia in overweight (SOW) in a general population, finding higher prevalence of SOW and SO in females across all age groups, with age being a significant determinant of both conditions. Subjects over 70 years old accounted for 82.5% and 80.4% of SO and SOW patients, respectively.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Xiaoyan Chen, Lingling Xie, Xin Xia, Xiaozhen Luo, Jing Chen, Jing Zhang, Qinlan Li, Xuemei Zhang, Jiaojiao Jiang, Ming Yang
Summary: Both measurement protocols and repetitions significantly affect the maximal handgrip strength values, but have minimal impact on the identification of handgrip weakness.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Tatsuya Otaki, Masanori Hasegawa, Soichiro Yuzuriha, Izumi Hanada, Kentaro Nagao, Tatsuya Umemoto, Yuki Shimizu, Masayoshi Kawakami, Nobuyuki Nakajima, Hakushi Kim, Masahiro Nitta, Kazuya Hanai, Yoshiaki Kawamura, Sunao Shoji, Akira Miyajima
Summary: Through a review of medical records of 147 patients undergoing RARP and multivariate Cox regression analysis, it was found that psoas muscle volume (PMV) less than 350 cm(3) is an independent risk factor for postoperative inguinal hernia (PIH) development.
SURGICAL ENDOSCOPY AND OTHER INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
William Evans, Mahalakshmi Shankaran, Edna Nyangau, Tyler Field, Hussein Mohammed, Robert Wolfe, Scott Schutzler, Marc Hellerstein
Summary: This study examined the effects of Fortetropin supplementation on muscle protein FSR in older individuals, finding that Fortetropin increased FSR compared to a placebo group. The difference in FSR between Fortetropin and placebo was 18% and affected multiple gene ontologies, suggesting that Fortetropin supplementation may be effective for promoting muscle protein synthesis in older populations.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Toshiaki Seko, Hiroshi Akasaka, Masayuki Koyama, Nobuaki Himuro, Shigeyuki Saitoh, Tetsuji Miura, Mitsuru Mori, Hirofumi Ohnishi
Summary: In older adults without diabetes, the loss of lower limb muscle mass is a significant risk factor for the development of insulin resistance, independent of obesity.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL DIRECTORS ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Antoneta Granic, Rachel Cooper, Richard M. Dodds, Susan J. Hillman, Avan A. Sayer, Sian M. Robinson
Summary: Milk is a potential source of nutrients that may benefit skeletal muscle health. However, there is currently a lack of evidence linking milk intake with declines in muscle strength. More research is needed to explore the relationship between milk consumption and muscle health.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rafael Pinedo-Villanueva, Edward Burn, Christopher Maronga, Cyrus Cooper, M. Kassim Javaid
Summary: Osteoporotic-related fractures lead to patient disability and burden on health care systems. Fracture liaison services (FLSs) provide effective secondary fracture prevention, but are not widely available. This study developed an economic model to estimate the benefits and budget impact of FLSs and support their international implementation.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rebecca J. Moon, Harry D. Green, Stefania D'Angelo, Keith M. Godfrey, Justin H. Davies, Elizabeth M. Curtis, Cyrus Cooper, Nicholas C. Harvey
Summary: A systematic review and meta-analysis showed that moderate- to high-dose vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy has a positive effect on offspring bone mineralisation, with increased bone mineral density (BMD) in children aged 4-6 years and a smaller effect on bone mineral content.
OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Carly Welch, Daisy Wilson, Avan Sayer, Miles Witham, Thomas Jackson
Summary: This study used a modified Delphi process to establish standardised core and extended datasets for geriatric medicine research in the UK. Through three questionnaire rounds and a consensus meeting, 98 researchers provided input and agreed upon six core domains and additional variables to be included. The development and use of these datasets is expected to enhance collaboration between researchers and academic institutions.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Mark Burton, Elie S. Antoun, Emma Garratt, Leo Westbury, Alica M. Baczynska, Elaine C. Dennison, Nicholas Harvey, Cyrus P. Cooper, Harnish M. Patel, Keith A. Godfrey, Karen Lillycrop
Summary: This study examined the impact of obesity on skeletal muscle tissue in older adults and identified molecular mechanisms associated with this impact. The results showed significant changes in gene expression in muscle tissue of obese individuals, with upregulation of genes involved in immune response and inflammation pathways and downregulation of genes involved in longevity and AMP-activated protein kinase pathways. These changes were also associated with alterations in DNA methylation and muscle fiber type.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Matthew G. Birkbeck, Linda Heskamp, Ian S. Schofield, Julie Hall, Avan A. Sayer, Roger G. Whittaker, Andrew M. Blamire
Summary: This study used phase contrast MU MRI to measure the contraction and relaxation times of the anterior compartment in a group of healthy adults. The results showed that age and sex have a significant effect on the contraction and relaxation times. Females had significantly longer contraction times than males.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
J. A. Kanis, H. Johansson, E. McCloskey, E. Liu, K. E. Akesson, F. A. Anderson, R. Azagra, C. L. Bager, C. Beaudart, H. A. Bischoff-Ferrari, E. Biver, O. Bruyere, J. A. Cauley, J. R. Center, R. Chapurlat, C. Christiansen, C. Cooper, C. J. Crandall, S. R. Cummings, J. A. P. da Silva, B. Dawson-Hughes, A. Diez-Perez, A. B. Dufour, J. A. Eisman, P. J. M. Elders, S. Ferrari, Y. Fujita, S. Fujiwara, C. -c. Glueer, I. Goldshtein, D. Goltzman, V. Gudnason, J. Hall, D. Hans, M. Hoff, R. J. Hollick, M. Huisman, M. Iki, S. Ish-Shalom, G. Jones, M. K. Karlsson, S. Khosla, D. P. Kiel, W. -p. Koh, F. Koromani, M. A. Kotowicz, H. Kroger, T. Kwok, O. Lamy, A. Langhammer, B. Larijani, K. Lippuner, D. Mellstrom, T. Merlijn, A. Nordstrom, P. Nordstrom, T. W. O'Neill, B. Obermayer-Pietsch, C. Ohlsson, E. S. Orwoll, J. A. Pasco, F. Rivadeneira, A. -M. Schott, E. J. Shiroma, K. Siggeirsdottir, E. M. Simonsick, E. Sornay-Rendu, R. Sund, K. M. A. Swart, P. Szulc, J. Tamaki, D. J. Torgerson, N. M. van Schoor, T. P. van Staa, J. Vila, N. J. Wareham, N. C. Wright, N. Yoshimura, M. C. Zillikens, M. Zwart, L. Vandenput, N. C. Harvey, M. Lorentzon, W. D. Leslie
Summary: A large international meta-analysis finds that a previous history of fracture is associated with an increased risk of future fractures, regardless of age, sex, and bone mineral density. The study highlights the importance of considering previous fracture history as a risk factor for fracture prevention strategies.
OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
M. Kassim Javaid, M. Calo, S. Wullich, Z. Mohsin, E. Castro Osorio, A. Medina Orjuela, C. Arteaga Unigarro, L. Mendez-Sanchez, J. Torres Naranjo, L. Tikle Vieira, K. Kuraoka Tutiya, A. Manoel Inacio, A. Olascoaga-Gomez de Leon, J. Carlos Viveros Garcia, C. Habib, F. Subies, J. P. Guyot, M. Diehl, G. Carabelli, A. Soulie, C. Cooper
Summary: By implementing the mentorship programme for fracture liaison service (FLS) in Latin America, 64 FLS were established and 17,205 patients were covered.
OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Christos Rossios, Tufail Bashir, Marcus Achison, Simon Adamson, Asangaedem Akpan, Terry Aspray, Alison Avenell, Margaret M. Band, Louise A. Burton, Vera Cvoro, Peter T. Donnan, Gordon W. Duncan, Jacob George, Adam L. Gordon, Celia L. Gregson, Adrian Hapca, Cheryl Hume, Thomas A. Jackson, Simon Kerr, Alixe Kilgour, Tahir Masud, Andrew Mckenzie, Emma Mckenzie, Harnish Patel, Kristina Pilvinyte, Helen C. Roberts, Avan A. Sayer, Karen T. Smith, Roy L. Soiza, Claire J. Steves, Allan D. Struthers, Divya Tiwari, Julie Whitney, Miles D. Witham, Paul R. Kemp
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between ACE gene polymorphisms and muscle mass, strength, in individuals with sarcopenia. The results indicated an over-representation of the D allele in the study cohort, particularly in men. Men with the I allele had greater leg strength, and individuals with the DD genotype showed an increase in quadriceps strength over 12 months.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Mo Osman, Miles D. Witham, Avan A. Sayer, Rachel Cooper
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the impact of different SARC-F cut-points for identifying muscle weakness in an older clinical population. A total of 159 men and 311 women aged 56-98 completed the SARC-F questionnaire and had their maximum grip strength measured. Cut-points of ≥4, 3, and 2 were applied to SARC-F and tested for agreement with muscle weakness.
EUROPEAN GERIATRIC MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Leo D. Westbury, Nicholas R. Fuggle, Diogo Pereira, Hiroyuki Oka, Noriko Yoshimura, Noriyuki Oe, Sasan Mahmoodi, Mahesan Niranjan, Elaine M. Dennison, Cyrus Cooper
Summary: This study aims to compare the impact of machine learning and expert observation on K&L scores, minimum joint space, and osteophyte in relation to pain and function. The analysis of participants from the Hertfordshire Cohort Study revealed that observer-derived K&L scores had higher discriminative capacity regarding pain and function, while the discriminative capacity of minimum joint space and osteophyte in relation to pain and function was lower among men.
AGING CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Thomas A. Stubbs, William J. Doherty, Andrew Chaplin, Sarah Langford, Mike R. Reed, Avan A. Sayer, Miles D. Witham, Antony K. Sorial
Summary: This study assessed the ability of pre-fracture mobility to predict post-operative outcomes in hip fracture patients. Patients with worse mobility had higher mortality, longer length of hospital stay, higher likelihood of living in a care home, and higher likelihood of complications. Including mobility assessment in risk scores can improve casemix adjustment and prognostication following hip fracture.
EUROPEAN GERIATRIC MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Elaine M. Dennison, Faidra Laskou, Leo D. Westbury, Gregorio Bevilacqua, Nicholas R. Fuggle, Toshiko Iidaka, Chiaki Horii, Sakae Tanaka, Noriko Yoshimura, Cyrus Cooper
Summary: This study reports on the prevalence of grip strength and its correlates in UK and Japanese populations. The results suggest that the correlates of muscle weakness are similar in both populations.
AGING CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Roshan Rambukwella, Leo D. Westbury, Camille Pearse, Kate A. Ward, Cyrus Cooper, Elaine M. Dennison
Summary: This study investigated hospital admission types experienced by older people and examined baseline risk factors for subsequent admission/death. The findings showed that cardiovascular and respiratory diseases were the most common types of admission. Older age, poorer physical function, and poorer self-rated health were baseline risk factors associated with admission/death.
AGING CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Gregorio Bevilacqua, Leo D. D. Westbury, Ilse Bloom, Jean Zhang, Kate A. A. Ward, Cyrus Cooper, Elaine M. M. Dennison
Summary: This study examined the relationship between self-perceived risk of fracture (SPR) and previous fractures, considering the role of lifestyle factors and psychosocial factors. The adjustment for social isolation, self-efficacy, or mental health status did not weaken the relationship, while adjustment for diet quality and comorbidities did. This suggests that diet quality may be an important factor to consider in future investigations.
AGING CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)