Article
Environmental Sciences
Eduardo Laguna, Antonio J. Carpio, Joaquin Vicente, Jose A. Barasona, Roxana Triguero-Ocana, Saul Jimenez-Ruiz, Angel Gomez-Manzaneque, Pelayo Acevedo
Summary: This study aimed to describe the spatial ecology of red deer in Mediterranean ecosystems of South-Central Spain, showing that red deer exhibited less activity, a shorter daily range, and a smaller home range during the food shortage period. In different land use types, individuals in fenced hunting estates showed the lowest activity and daily range.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Gioele Passoni, Tim Coulson, Francesca Cagnacci, Peter Hudson, Daniel R. Stahler, Douglas W. Smith, Shelly Lachish
Summary: A central debate in ecology has been the long-running discussion on the role of apex predators in affecting the abundance and dynamics of their prey. This study presents a bioenergetic mechanistic model of a tritrophic system and investigates the impact of wolf reintroduction on the system. The model reveals the important role of wolves in shifting the elk population from being food-limited to being predator-limited and stabilizing elk numbers.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Jennifer H. Wilson-Welder, Kristin Mansfield, Sushan Han, Darrell O. Bayles, David P. Alt, Steven C. Olsen
Summary: A highly transmissible hoof disease has been observed among wild elk in the western United States since 2008, causing severe lameness and hoof damage, and potentially leading to infection and death.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Antonio Jose Carpio Camargo, Jose Barasona, Pelayo Acevedo, Yolanda Fierro, Christian Gortazar, Carlos Vigal, Angel Moreno, Joaquin Vicente
Summary: The study showed that population growth is limited at high densities, regardless of whether artificial feeding is provided, highlighting the importance of understanding wildlife population dynamics for sustainable management.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Laura C. Gigliotti, Wenjing Xu, Gabriel R. Zuckerman, M. Paul Atwood, Eric K. Cole, Alyson Courtemanch, Sarah Dewey, Justin A. Gude, Patrick Hnilicka, Mark Hurley, Matthew Kauffman, Kailin Kroetz, Arthur Lawson, Bryan Leonard, Daniel MacNulty, Eric Maichak, Douglas McWhirter, Tony W. Mong, Kelly Proffitt, Brandon Scurlock, Daniel Stahler, Arthur D. Middleton
Summary: Formally protected areas are important for wildlife conservation, but they may not be effective for migratory species. In the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, migratory elk rely on both protected areas and private lands, facing challenges such as habitat fragmentation from human development. Future conservation strategies need to consider coordination between public and private land to ensure migratory connectivity.
BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nathalie O. Brusgaard, Michael W. Dee, Merita Dreshaj, Jolijn Erven, Youri van den Hurk, Daan Raemaekers, Canan Cakirlar
Summary: This study presents the first multi-proxy analysis of archaeological suid remains in the Netherlands. The results reveal targeted hunting of adult wild boar in the Late Mesolithic, with a possible shift over time towards more juveniles. The wild boar in this period are demonstrated to be of comparably large size to contemporary northern European populations and exhibiting a wide range of dietary regimes.
Article
Mathematics
Maria Francesca Carfora, Isabella Torcicollo
Summary: A classical Lotka-Volterra model was extended in this study by introducing advection terms that included animal velocities. The effect of velocity on the problem's kinetics was analyzed. Traveling wave solutions were introduced to examine the behavior of species over time, and conditions for the coexistence or extinction of populations were found. Numerical simulations were conducted to illustrate the obtained results.
Article
Ecology
Sarah L. Schooler, Nathan J. Svoboda, Charles N. Kroll, Shannon P. Finnegan, Jerrold L. Belant
Summary: The forestry industry is important for providing goods, services, and economic benefits, but timber harvest can have negative impacts on wildlife habitat. This study developed a method to optimize both timber harvest and wildlife habitat suitability, and applied it to Roosevelt elk in Afognak Island, Alaska. The results show that multi-objective optimization can maximize timber harvest yield while minimizing the negative effects on seasonal habitat suitability.
Article
Ecology
Joshua B. Smith, Derek B. Spitz, Casey L. Brown, Michael J. Wisdom, Mary M. Rowland, Tavis D. Forrester, Bruce K. Johnson, Darren A. Clark
Summary: Prey respond to predation risk with various behavioral tactics, and human hunting poses short-duration, high-intensity predation risk for prey. Understanding the influence of hunting modes, targeted and non-targeted species, and landscape features on prey responses is crucial for effective population management.
JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Paola M. M. Boggiatto, Steven C. C. Olsen, Mitchell V. V. Palmer
Summary: Hamartomas are benign tumor-like lesions characterized by disorganized growth of mature mesenchymal or epithelial tissues. They have been sporadically observed in ruminants, with pulmonary and cutaneous forms reported in sheep and vascular, fibrous, nasal, and pulmonary forms reported in calves. This article presents a case of pulmonary hamartoma found in a full-term elk calf, which has not been previously reported in non-domestic ruminants.
JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Haokun Qi, Xinzhu Meng, Tasawar Hayat, Aatef Hobiny
Summary: This paper proposes a stochastic predator-prey model with hunting cooperation and nonlinear perturbation of white noise. Sufficient criteria for the existence of a unique ergodic stationary distribution are established by constructing suitable Lyapunov functions. It is revealed that the white noise significantly impacts the dynamical behavior of the model.
APPLIED MATHEMATICS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dingyong Bai, Jiaoxin Tang
Summary: In this study, a predator-prey system with cooperative hunting is investigated. The parameter space of the system is divided into several mutually exclusive regions. The dynamics of each parameter region are analyzed, and a complete description of the global dynamics is provided, including stability, Hopf bifurcation and its directions, and the existence of limit cycles. Comparing the dynamics of this system to that of a system without cooperative hunting reveals that cooperative hunting promotes the coexistence of prey and predator. When the predator mortality is low, hunting cooperation does not affect the population coexistence but it does affect the pattern of coexistence.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Krishnanand Vishwakarma, Moitri Sen
Summary: Cooperation among predator populations is a common phenomenon that can be considered as a type of Allee effect. Incorporating the Allee effect in prey populations can address complex dynamical features. Studying the dynamics of a generalist predator in prey-predator systems is also crucial in population research.
MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTERS IN SIMULATION
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Yen-hsi Chou, Yunshyong Chow, Xiaochuan Hu, Sophia R-J Jang
Summary: This study shows that the number of equilibrium points in a predator-prey system depends on both the predator's basic reproduction number and the intensity of predator cooperation. While hunting cooperation can increase the likelihood of predator persistence, it may also destabilize the predator-prey interaction and drive the predator to extinction.
MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTERS IN SIMULATION
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Nathalie R. R. Sommer, Yara A. A. Alshwairikh, A. Z. Andis Arietta, David K. K. Skelly, Robert W. W. Buchkowski
Summary: Predation risk leads to various responses in prey, including changes in life history and habitat shifts. Metabolism, being a ubiquitous trait, provides a way to study the effects of predators and generate generalizable outcomes. In this study, we examined the metabolic responses of different functional groups of terrestrial and aquatic prey to predator cues. We found that constitutively defended prey did not show any metabolic responses, while deimatic and freeze-flight prey exhibited cue type and predator hunting mode-dependent metabolic responses. Consistent with previous research on nonconsumptive effects, ambush predators elicited metabolic responses, while active predators did not. We propose that future research should continue to use a metabolic approach as a unified, scalable response variable to study the sensory ecology of nonconsumptive effects and identify additional systems to evaluate predator hunting mode and prey antipredator defenses more comprehensively.