期刊
JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES
卷 47, 期 4, 页码 849-859出版社
WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC
DOI: 10.7589/0090-3558-47.4.849
关键词
Azores; Haemoproteus; key host; Leucocytozoon; Plasmodium; prevalence
资金
- Helge Ax:sons Foundation
- Swedish Research Council
- Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Science and Spatial Planning (Formas)
- Lund University
When host species colonize new areas, the parasite assemblage infecting the hosts might change, with some parasite species being lost and others newly acquired. These changes would likely lead to novel selective forces on both host and its parasites. We investigated the avian blood parasites in the passerine bird community on the mid-Atlantic island of Sao Miguel, Azores, a bird community originating from continental Europe. The presence of haemosporidian blood parasites belonging to the genera Haemoproteus, Plasmodium, and Leucocytozoon was assessed using polymerase chain reaction. We found two Plasmodium lineages and two Leucocytozoon lineages in 11 bird species (84% of all breeding passerine species) on the island. These line ages were unevenly distributed across bird species. The Eurasian Blackbird (Turdus merula) was the key-host species (total parasite prevalence of 57%), harboring the main proportion of parasite infections. Except for Eurasian Blackbirds, all bird species had significantly lower prevalence and parasite diversity compared to their continental populations. We propose that in evolutionary novel bird communities, single species may act as key hosts by harboring the main part of the parasite fauna from which parasites leak into the other species. This would create very different host parasite associations in areas recently colonized by hosts as compared to in their source populations.
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