Article
Neurosciences
Vaibhav Tripathi, David C. Somers
Summary: The cerebellum is gaining attention as a key area for cognitive function, and individual differences in its organization are not well-studied. This study used "Connectome Fingerprinting" to predict individual brain activity based on their connectome. The results showed that the cortico-cerebellar connections involving non-motor portions of the cerebral cortex carried the most information about individual differences in cerebellar function. This approach may be useful for studying patients with cerebellar dysfunction.
Article
Neurosciences
Gidon Levakov, Olaf Sporns, Galia Avidan
Summary: This study investigates the impact of modularity in the face recognition network on human face recognition abilities, finding a positive correlation between modularity and recognition abilities. The correlation is particularly strong within hemispheres, especially within the right hemisphere at an individual level. This study provides the first evidence of the importance of modularity-behavior relationships in the domain of face processing and visual perception.
Article
Neurosciences
Benjamin N. Conrad, Courtney Pollack, Darren J. Yeo, Gavin R. Price
Summary: A spatially consistent inferior temporal numeral area (ITNA) in the occipitotemporal cortex appears to preferentially process Arabic digits in adults. The reasons for the spatial segregation of ITNA from regions processing other orthographic stimuli and its consistency across individuals remain unknown. The study found stronger structural and functional connectivity of left ITNA with inferior parietal regions involved in numerical magnitude representation and arithmetic, while the right ITNA showed stronger connectivity with the ipsilateral inferior parietal cortex and bilateral IPS. These results suggest that the left ITNA may be more involved in mapping digits to verbal number representations, while the right ITNA may support the mapping of digits to quantity representations.
Article
Neurosciences
Elissa M. Aminoff, Tess Durham
Summary: Objects are crucial for understanding scenes, and the processing of scenes in the brain is often discussed in contrast to the processing of objects. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, this study found a significant correlation between the objects within a scene and the neural representation of scenes, particularly in the scene-preferring regions of the brain. These findings indicate that visual processing regions are better characterized by the processes involved when interacting with the stimulus kind rather than the stimulus kind itself.
Article
Neurosciences
Celia Foster, Mintao Zhao, Timo Bolkart, Michael J. Black, Andreas Bartels, Isabelle Buelthoff
Summary: The study found that occipitotemporal cortex processes information about face and body orientation with a stimulus-independent neural code, with the fusiform face area showing specificity in responding to face orientation. Neutral responses to orientation remained consistent regardless of participants paying attention to it or not.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Yong-ming Wang, Xin-lu Cai, Rui-ting Zhang, Yi-jing Zhang, Han-yu Zhou, Yi Wang, Ya Wang, Jia Huang, Yan-yu Wang, Eric F. C. Cheung, Raymond C. K. Chan
Summary: This study found specific changes in brain connectivity associated with high schizotypy. These changes included increased structural connectivity probability within the task control network and within the default mode network, increased variability and decreased stability of functional connectivity within the default mode network and between the auditory network and the subcortical network, and decreased static mean functional connectivity strength mainly associated with the sensorimotor network, the default mode network, and the task control network.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Tiana Borgers, Marla Kuerten, Anna Kappelhoff, Verena Enneking, Anne Mollmann, Johanna Schulte, Melissa Klug, Elisabeth J. Leehr, Katharina Dohm, Dominik Grotegerd, Philine Krause, Esther Zwiky, Udo Dannlowski, Ulrike Buhlmann, Ronny Redlich
Summary: Individuals with BDD exhibit aberrant functional activity and connectivity patterns within the amygdala and FFG during negative emotional face processing, while body dysmorphic symptoms in HC are associated with brain functional alterations.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Baichen Li, Marta Poyo Solanas, Giuseppe Marrazzo, Rajani Raman, Nick Taubert, Martin Giese, Rufin Vogels, Beatrice de Gelder
Summary: This ultrahigh field 7 T fMRI study investigated the presence of a core network in the brain involved in different aspects of body perception. Participants viewed videos of monkey and human faces, bodies, and objects, as well as scrambled videos for control. Network analysis using independent component analysis (ICA) was conducted to examine body and species modulations at both voxel and network levels. The study identified a human body-specific network that may serve as an internal model for various processes related to body descriptions.
PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Matthew D. D. Langley, Kaitlin Van Houghton, Michael K. K. McBeath, Kelsey Lucca
Summary: Adults and children both have a vertical attention bias, but the bias is stronger in adults. Exploratory analysis shows that VAB in children increases with age and reaches the adult level at 8 years old.
DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Chengyuan Wu, Francisca Ferreira, Michael Fox, Noam Harel, Jona Hattangadi-Gluth, Andreas Horn, Saad Jbabdi, Joshua Kahan, Ashwini Oswal, Sameer A. Sheth, Yanmei Tie, Vejay Vakharia, Ludvic Zrinzo, Harith Akram
Summary: Advances in computational neuroimaging techniques have expanded the arsenal of imaging tools available for clinical neuroscience, allowing for identification of therapeutic targets, preservation of eloquent brain regions, and insight into pathological processes and treatments. However, factors such as data quality, processing methodology, and statistical models can impact results. Lack of standardization in data acquisition and processing has led to issues with reproducibility.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Xianfeng Ou, Hanpu Wang, Wujing Li, Guoyun Zhang, Siyuan Chen
Summary: This paper proposes a novel method for scene segmentation, utilizing flow information to maintain body consistency and designing a context feature extraction module to consider global and local context information. By refining the feature map and incorporating edge attention module, the misclassification of target objects and accuracy of edge details are improved. Experimental results on various datasets show the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method, outperforming state-of-the-art approaches in terms of mIoU values.
INFORMATION PROCESSING & MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Asad Abbas, Stephan Chalup
Summary: This study introduces a new computer vision approach utilizing face pareidolia for affective analysis. By simulating human ability in recognizing non-existent faces, the approach outperforms other methods in predicting emotional responses.
Article
Neurosciences
John D. Lewis, Christian O'Reilly, Elizabeth Bock, Rebecca J. Theilmann, Jeanne Townsend
Summary: There is evidence of age-related declines in anatomical connectivity during adulthood, with associated alterations in functional connectivity. However, the relation between these functional alterations and structural reductions is unclear. By targeting the interhemispheric connections between the visual cortices, this study found age-related reductions in white matter integrity and age-related increases in functional interhemispheric lagged coherence differences. White matter integrity in the splenium of the corpus callosum predicted differences in lagged coherence, and this relationship was mediated by age.
Article
Neurosciences
Olivia K. Harrison, Xavier Guell, Miriam C. Klein-Flugge, Robert L. Barry
Summary: Mapping the connectivity of the central nervous system has been a key focus in neuroimaging research, with a recent shift towards exploring subcortical structures beyond traditional cortical investigations. Advances in neuroimaging technology now allow for better signal and resolution for studying these structures, although challenges and limitations still exist. Recommendations and considerations have been put forward for mapping brain connectivity beyond the cortex.
Article
Neurosciences
Gennadiy Gurariy, Richard Randall, Adam S. Greenberg
Summary: Auditory Scene Analysis (ASA) is the process of grouping acoustic signals into auditory objects. Previous research has shown that the perceived musicality of auditory sequences is influenced by high-level organizational features. In this study, the neural mechanisms underlying ASA and auditory object perception were explored, and it was found that low-level manipulations of auditory stimuli affect auditory object perception. Shared neural mechanisms were identified that correlate with behavior and underlie both ASA and music perception.
