Review
Immunology
Jack T. Stapleton
Summary: Human pegivirus 1 (HPgV-1), formerly known as hepatitis G virus (HGV) or GB Virus type C (GBV-C), is a virus that does not cause hepatitis and is primarily found in lymphocytes. HPgV-1 infection has been associated with prolonged survival in individuals with HIV and can inhibit HIV replication. The immunomodulatory effects of HPgV-1 may have potential therapeutic value for other diseases.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Hideki Kondo, Naoto Yoshida, Miki Fujita, Kazuyuki Maruyama, Kiwamu Hyodo, Hiroshi Hisano, Tetsuo Tamada, Ida Bagus Andika, Nobuhiro Suzuki
Summary: A novel wheat virus Q (WVQ) was discovered to be associated with yellow mosaic disease in winter wheat, potentially transmitted through soil to wheat plants. Laboratory tests confirmed that WVQ infection induces antiviral RNA silencing responses in plants.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Emma Guerin, Andrey N. Shkoporov, Stephen R. Stockdale, Joan Colom Comas, Ekaterina V. Khokhlova, Adam G. Clooney, Karen M. Daly, Lorraine A. Draper, Niamh Stephens, Dimitri Scholz, R. Paul Ross, Colin Hill
Summary: In this study, phi crAss002, the first representative of the proposed Alphacrassvirinae sub-family of CrAss-like phages, was successfully isolated and characterized. It can co-exist at very high levels in liquid culture with its host, Bacteroides xylanisolvens, without impacting bacterial numbers, which suggests a potentially stable and significant phage-host relationship for further research.
Article
Immunology
Julia Mamana, Gabrielle M. Humber, Eric R. Espinal, Soojung Seo, Nadine Vollmuth, Jon Sin, Brandon J. Kim
Summary: Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is a common human pathogen that can cause fatal aseptic meningo-encephalitis, particularly in young children. The mechanisms by which CVB3 gains access to the brain and the virus-host interactions at the blood-brain barrier (BBB) are poorly understood. This study utilized human induced-pluripotent stem cell-derived brain-like endothelial cells (iBECs) to investigate the effects of CVB3 infection on BBB function and overall survival. The results showed that CVB3 infection of iBECs resulted in high extracellular virus release and disruption of transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) at later infection stages, suggesting potential mechanisms for viral entry and prolonged shedding.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Yaqi Yu, Zhenzhou Wan, Jian-Hua Wang, Xianguang Yang, Chiyu Zhang
Summary: This article summarizes the natural history, spread, and association of human pegivirus with other human viral diseases, as well as its potential use in therapy.
Article
Microbiology
Ana Agueda-Pinto, Simona Kraberger, Anne Everts, Ami Gutierrez-Jensen, Honor L. Glenn, Kevin P. Dalton, Ana Podadera, Francisco Parra, Monica Martinez-Haro, Jose Alberto Vinuelas, Arvind Varsani, Grant McFadden, Masmudur M. Rahman, Pedro J. Esteves
Summary: The M159 protein plays a critical role in determining the host specificity of MYXV-Tol in hare and human cells by imparting new host range functions.
Review
Virology
Joseph Zimmerman, Jason T. Blackard
Summary: Although HPgV-1 infection has been reported to have a beneficial impact on HIV disease progression, there is still insufficient research on HPgV-1 in Asia. Therefore, there is a need for further studies on HPgV-1 across the Asian continent.
REVIEWS IN MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Workitu Firomsa Gudeta, Ah-Young Shin, Se Eun Kim, Kwon Jeong-A, Kwon Seok-Yoon, Jae Sun Moon
Summary: The complete genome sequence of a new member of the Polerovirus genus, Stellaria aquatica virus B (StAVB), was determined through RNA sequencing. It shares a similar genome configuration and amino acid sequence with other typical poleroviruses. Comparisons with other poleroviruses showed moderate nucleotide sequence similarity and low amino acid sequence similarity.
ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yongzhen Liu, Thomas R. R. Cafiero, Debby Park, Abhishek Biswas, Benjamin Y. Y. Winer, Cheul H. H. Cho, Yaron Bram, Vasuretha Chandar, Aoife K. O' Connell, Hans P. P. Gertje, Nicholas Crossland, Robert E. E. Schwartz, Alexander Ploss
Summary: Hepatitis B virus has a limited range of hosts, only infecting humans and chimpanzees. Researchers have identified key residues within the HBV receptor that prevent the virus from infecting non-human primates. By studying different types of monkeys, they found that marmosets are a suitable candidate for HBV infection. They also developed a modified chimeric HBV genome that increases infection efficiency in marmoset hepatocytes.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Virology
Tsutomu Nishizawa, Reiko Usui, Yoko Narabu, Masaharu Takahashi, Kazumoto Murata, Hiroaki Okamoto
Summary: A novel pegivirus was discovered in pet cats in Japan, with a low similarity to reported viruses in other species. This virus was detected in 1.6% of pet cats.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiuna Kong, Guanhua Xuan, Hong Lin, Jingxue Wang
Summary: A study on a bacteriophage, vB_Pae_HB2107-3I, reveals its stable characteristics in terms of temperature and pH values, as well as its lysogenic nature. The genome of vB_Pae_HB2107-3I is 45,929 bp long and contains 72 open reading frames. This research enriches the understanding of Pseudomonas phages and provides a promising biocontrol agent against P. aeruginosa infections.
MOLECULAR GENETICS AND GENOMICS
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Igor Koloniuk, Jaroslava Pribylova, Radek Cmejla, Lucie Valentova, Jana Franova
Summary: A novel RNA virus, named strawberry virus A (StrVA), infecting strawberry plants was discovered with unique genomic features, and a specific qPCR system for StrVA detection was designed. A survey in the Czech Republic showed that StrVA was present in 28.3% of strawberry samples, often in mixed infections with other viruses, complicating assessment of its biological relevance.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yuan Sun, Jia-Qi Feng, Yao-Rong Tan, Ling Zhou, Tian Lan, Jing-Yun Ma
Summary: The novel bacteriophage Pm34 specific to Proteus vulgaris has a genome length of 39,558 bp, high temperature and pH tolerance, and lacks antibiotic resistance and virulence genes.
Article
Entomology
Xin An, Wei Zhang, Chao Ye, Guy Smagghe, Jin-Jun Wang, Jinzhi Niu
Summary: This study investigates the interaction between aphids and viruses, and identifies a widely distributed bunyavirus that infects and replicates in multiple aphid species. The viral titer significantly affects the physiological parameters and nutrient content of aphids.
Article
Zoology
Nelson Pena-Navarro, Antonio Lopez-Carvallo, Brandon Chacon Perez, Roberto Cruz-Flores
Summary: The traditional PCR methods are not effective for the detection of EHP, however, two commonly used SSU rRNA methodologies can successfully detect the microsporidia from the genus Vittaforma in cultured Penaeus vannamei from Costa Rica, without cross-reacting with the spore wall protein gene PCR method.
JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Matias A. Dorsch, Maria L. Casaux, Lucia Calleros, Virginia Araoz, Ruben D. Caffarena, Cecilia Monesiglio, Maila Barcellos, Caroline da Silva Silveira, Yisell Perdomo, Georgget Banchero, Francisco A. Uzal, Martin Fraga, Federico Giannitti
Summary: This study presents a case of abortion in a sheep in Uruguay caused by a multidrug resistant strain of Campylobacter fetus fetus (Cff). The findings suggest the presence and spread of Cff in sheep flocks in Uruguay, highlighting the necessity for further research in this area.
REVISTA ARGENTINA DE MICROBIOLOGIA
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaoyu Che, Mady Hornig, Michaeline Bresnahan, Camilla Stoltenberg, Per Magnus, Pal Suren, Siri Mjaaland, Ted Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ezra Susser, W. Ian Lipkin
Summary: This study suggests that immune activation may be a risk factor for autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and identifies potential immune biomarkers for early diagnosis. The findings highlight the importance of gestational immunopathology in ASD and reveal sex-specific differences.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Francisco A. Uzal, Federico Giannitti, Javier Asin
Summary: Yellow lamb disease is a poorly understood condition in young sheep caused by certain strains of Clostridium perfringens type A. It is characterized by hemolysis, jaundice, and anemia. Diagnosis of the disease is challenging due to the presence of the microorganism in the intestines of healthy sheep. There is currently no specific vaccine for yellow lamb disease.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Ruben D. Caffarena, Matias Castells, Carlos O. Schild, Maria L. Casaux, Joaquin I. Armendano, Rodney Colina, Federico Giannitti
Summary: This study provides an optimal cutoff for quantified viral load of RVA through RT-qPCR, which has excellent diagnostic accuracy in predicting RVA causality in diarrheic calves. This information is important for interpreting RVA RT-qPCR results in laboratory testing of feces from diarrheic calves.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Federico Giannitti, Virginia Araoz, Caroline da Silva Silveira, Maria E. Francia, Carlos Robello, Andres Cabrera
Summary: This study provides evidence on the impact of infection with different genotypes of Neospora caninum on clinical outcomes and whether infection with a specific genotype impairs protective immunity against abortion caused by different genotypes. It also describes the first case of a dam transmitting two N. caninum genotypes to her offspring in subsequent gestations.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Virology
Federico Giannitti, Caroline da Silva Silveira, Hannah Bullock, Marina Beron, Sofia Fernandez-Ciganda, Maria Jose Benitez-Galeano, Nelida Rodriguez-Osorio, Luciana Silva-Flannery, Yisell Perdomo, Andres Cabrera, Rodrigo Puentes, Rodney Colina, Jana M. Ritter, Matias Castells
Summary: In this study, the pathological findings in a naturally infected aborted bovine fetus with BoPyV-1 were described, providing evidence of its pathogenicity and probable abortigenic potential. The study found that BoPyV-1 can cause severe kidney lesions in cattle, with active viral replication and virion assembly observed in renal tubular epithelial cells. The presence of BoPyV-1's large T antigen, indicative of early viral gene expression, was also detected in infected renal tubular epithelial cells.
Article
Microbiology
M. L. Casaux, W. Santiago Neto, C. O. Schild, R. A. Costa, M. Macias-Rioseco, R. D. Caffarena, C. S. Silveira, V. Araoz, B. Doncel Diaz, F. Giannitti, M. Fraga
Summary: This study describes the epidemiology and pathology of salmonellosis in Uruguayan dairy farms and explores the serotypes and virulence genes of the causative Salmonella strains. The findings reveal associations between the serotypes, clinical signs, and pathology, highlighting the importance of understanding the epidemiology and virulence of Salmonella enterica for prevention and control strategies.
BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
A. Rabaza, M. Fraga, A. Mendoza, F. Giannitti
Summary: Newborn ruminants rely on colostrum for passive immunity, and heat treatment of colostrum can affect its viscosity and immunoglobulin concentration. Heat-treated colostrum generally has higher viscosity and lower IgG concentration compared to raw colostrum. However, feeding newborn calves with heat-treated colostrum can result in higher serum IgG concentrations. The temperature and timing of colostrum heat treatment are crucial factors for achieving optimal passive immunity transfer.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Federico Giannitti, Matias A. Dorsch, Sofia Fernandez-Ciganda, Ana Rabaza, Sebastian Vazquez, Deborah Cesar, Joaquin Hurtado, Gonzalo Greif, Demi B. Rabeneck, Julu Bhatnagar, Jana M. Ritter
Summary: This article reports a case of canine leproid granuloma (CLG) associated with a member of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC), which could pose a public health concern. It was found that this chronic dermatitis was associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and had the potential for zoonotic transmission.
JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Virology
Raphael Wolfisberg, Kenn Holmbeck, Eva Billerbeck, Caroline E. Thorselius, Mariana N. Batista, Ulrik Fahnoe, Emma A. Lundsgaard, Matthew J. Kennedy, Louise Nielsen, Charles M. Rice, Jens Bukh, Troels K. H. Scheel
Summary: The lack of robust immunocompetent animal models for hepatitis C virus (HCV) hinders vaccine development and studies of immune responses. Norway rat hepacivirus (NrHV) infection in rats shares HCV-defining characteristics, and through adaptation to laboratory mice, specific determinants of NrHV mouse adaptation were identified. These findings provide valuable insights into species-specific interactions during HCV entry.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pathology
Federico Giannitti, Jorge P. Garcia, Vicki Adams, Joaquin I. Armendano, Juliann Beingesser, Julian I. Rood, Francisco A. Uzal
Summary: English summary: Type D enterotoxemia caused by Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin (ETX) is a significant clostridial disease in sheep. The authors studied the renal changes in an experimental model of this disease and evaluated the role of ETX in their development. The results showed no specific gross or histologic renal lesions in sheep with experimental acute type D enterotoxemia, regardless of whether they were infected with wild-type or mutant strains.
VETERINARY PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Nicolas Fossat, Emma A. Lundsgaard, Rui Costa, Lizandro R. Rivera-Rangel, Louise Nielsen, Lotte S. Mikkelsen, Santseharay Ramirez, Jens Bukh, Troels K. H. Scheel
Summary: We used CLEAR-CLIP to investigate the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and miRNA, revealing the regulation of cellular miRNA and the interaction with miR-15 family during infection. We found that these interactions are not critical for virus production. This work contributes to understanding the interplay between miRNA regulation and SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anna V. Sherwood, Lizandro R. Rivera-Rangel, Line A. Ryberg, Helena S. Larsen, Klara M. Anker, Rui Costa, Cathrine B. Vagbo, Eva Jakljevic, Long V. Pham, Carlota Fernandez-Antunez, Gabriele Indrisiunaite, Agnieszka Podolska-Charlery, Julius E. R. Grothen, Nicklas W. Langvad, Nicolas Fossat, Anna Offersgaard, Amal Al-Chaer, Louise Nielsen, Anna Kusnierczyk, Christina Solund, Nina Weis, Judith M. Gottwein, Kenn Holmbeck, Sandro Bottaro, Santseharay Ramirez, Jens Bukh, Troels K. H. Scheel, Jeppe Vinther
Summary: A new study reveals that hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA possesses a non-canonical 5' cap, consisting of the cellular metabolite flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD). This FAD capping strategy allows HCV RNA to evade immune recognition while maintaining its stability, potentially influencing the efficacy of antiviral treatments and the persistence of infection.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Meeli Mullari, Nicolas Fossat, Niels H. Skotte, Andrea Asenjo-Martinez, David T. Humphreys, Jens Bukh, Agnete Kirkeby, Troels K. H. Scheel, Michael L. Nielsen
Summary: The authors present the Brain-pCLAP methodology, identify the RBP atlas of the mouse brain, and demonstrate the differential binding of the splicing factor RBM5 to Huntington's disease relevant transcripts in R6/2 mice. Overall, they provide insights into the role of RBPs in RNA processing and their association with neurodegeneration. Rating: 8 points.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Juan Garcia, Juan Livio, Carolina Matto, Fernando Dutra, Valeria Scioli, Federico Giannitti, James Langston, Robert Poppenga, German Canton, Francisco Uzal
Summary: This study reports 6 natural outbreaks of cattle intoxication associated with the consumption of alfalfa or mixed native pastures heavily contaminated with A. atromaculatus. The cattle exhibited acute clinical signs and gross and microscopic lesions, and the presence of A. atromaculatus in the ruminal content of all animals was confirmed. The cause of the intoxication was proposed to be A. atromaculatus, and no known toxic compounds were found in the beetles.
JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION
(2023)
