Article
Microbiology
Weiyin Xu, Ping Yan, Ziyan Zhou, Jingting Yao, Haochun Pan, Luyao Jiang, Zongyi Bo, Bo Ni, Mingxia Sun, Song Gao, Changchao Huan
Summary: Pseudorabies virus (PRV) infection in swine can cause high morbidity and mortality, leading to significant economic losses. In this study, the role of histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) in PRV infection was investigated. The inhibition of HDAC6 significantly decreased PRV replication, while its overexpression promoted PRV replication. PRV infection induced DNA damage response (DDR), and HDAC6 inhibition and knockout decreased DDR, suggesting that HDAC6 may be a crucial factor in promoting PRV replication.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Kang Ning, Cagla Aksu Kuz, Fang Cheng, Zehua Feng, Ziying Yan, Jianming Qiu
Summary: This study demonstrates the significant role of Pol eta and Pol kappa in AAV DNA replication and rAAV production in HEK293T cells. Understanding the AAV DNA replication mechanism in HEK293T cells could help increase rAAV vector yield produced from the transfection method. The findings also provide insights into the ATR-mediated DNA repair process, which contributes to AAV genome amplification.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lei Xu, Xiao Ma, Xiuzhong Zhang, Chong Zhang, Yi Zhang, Shuai Gong, Nai Wu, Peng Zhang, Xinyu Feng, Jiaxuan Guo, Mengmeng Zhao, Zeqiang Ren, Pengbo Zhang
Summary: The circRNA hsa_circ_0007919 is highly expressed in PDAC cells and is associated with GEM resistance. Hsa_circ_0007919 promotes cell survival and GEM resistance by regulating DNA damage repair pathways.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Lin Wu, James R. Sowers, Yingmei Zhang, Jun Ren
Summary: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are caused by abnormalities in the genomic, proteomic, and metabolomic aspects. Recent evidence has confirmed the presence of DNA damage in various CVDs. DNA damage triggers a cellular response called DNA damage response (DDR), which can be beneficial for cardiovascular function temporarily, but persistent activation of DDR promotes the onset and development of CVDs. Therefore, targeting DNA damage and DDR could potentially improve cardiovascular dysfunction and disease outcome.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Benjamin R. Stromberg, Mayank Singh, Adrian E. Torres, Amy C. Burrows, Debjani Pal, Christine Insinna, Yosup Rhee, Andrew S. Dickson, Christopher J. Westlake, Matthew K. Summers
Summary: The deubiquitinating enzyme USP37 is required beyond S-phase entry to promote the efficiency and fidelity of replication. Depletion of USP37 leads to increased replication stress and DNA damage, reduced cellular proliferation, and increased sensitivity to agents that induce replication stress. USP37 stabilizes checkpoint kinase 1 to ensure proper function and plays a crucial role in regulating cell proliferation and genome stability.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Smitha Sivapragasam, Bastian Stark, Amanda Albrecht, Kaitlynne A. Bohm, Peng Mao, Raymond G. Emehiser, Steven A. Roberts, Patrick J. Hrdlicka, Gregory M. K. Poon, John J. Wyrick
Summary: Somatic mutations in DNA-binding sites for CTCF are elevated in many cancers, possibly due to its role in inhibiting repair of UV damage and modulating the formation of UV-induced DNA damage, leading to mutation hot spots. Analysis demonstrates that CTCF interacts with damaged DNA and hinders repair, providing insights into the molecular mechanisms of how CTCF binding influences CPD formation.
Article
Cell Biology
Jason L. Pugh, Christopher P. Coplen, Alona S. Sukhina, Jennifer L. Uhrlaub, Jose Padilla-Torres, Tomonori Hayashi, Janko Nikolich-Zugich
Summary: Whole-body irradiation may induce immune aging, while reactivation of microbial infection may contribute to the immune effects of irradiation. Infection of latent MCMV leads to decreased survival in irradiated mice, correlated with increased levels of MCMV-specific immune activation during WNV challenge. Infection also results in MCMV reactivation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chenyao Wang, Jing Nan, Elise Holvey-Bates, Xing Chen, Samantha Wightman, Muhammad-Bilal Latif, Junjie Zhao, Xiaoxia Li, Ganes C. Sen, George R. Stark, Yuxin Wang
Summary: In cancer cells, the abnormal presence of DNA in the cytoplasm activates cGAS and STING. STAT2 inhibits the expression of IRF3-dependent genes induced by cGAMP by binding to STING and blocking its intracellular trafficking. STAT2 reshapes STING signaling by inhibiting IRF3-dependent gene induction, but not NF-xB-dependent gene induction. This noncanonical activity of STAT2 depends on the phosphorylation of threonine 404, which promotes the formation of a STAT2:STING complex that keeps STING bound to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and increases resistance to DNA damage.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mihaela Temelie, Rubab Talpur, Marta Dominguez-Prieto, Ayanda Dantas Silva, Constantin Cenusa, Liviu Craciun, Diana Iulia Savu, Nicoleta Moisoi
Summary: Mitochondria-nucleus communication during stress determines cellular fate, contributing to the development of age-related diseases. Impaired mitochondria quality control due to loss of function of the mitochondrial protease HtrA2 leads to accumulation of damaged mitochondria and triggers the integrated stress response involving the transcription factor CHOP. In this study, we examined the roles of HtrA2 and CHOP in modulating intracellular and intercellular responses by using genetic models of impaired mitochondria quality control, CHOP loss of function, and genotoxicity induced by cancer therapeutic agents. Our findings suggest that the loss of CHOP function enhances DNA damage induced by irradiation, while all transgenic cells exhibit increased DNA damage with bleomycin treatment. Genetic modifications impair the intercellular transmission of DNA damage signaling. Furthermore, RNA sequencing analysis revealed that loss of HtrA2 and CHOP function lowers the threshold for irradiation to activate innate immune responses via cGAS-STING, which may have implications for combined therapeutic approaches in various diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shayan Angizi, Eugene Yat Chun Yu, Johnson Dalmieda, Dipankar Saha, P. Ravi Selvaganapathy, Peter Kruse
Summary: Graphene-based pH sensors offer robust, durable, sensitive, and scalable detection of pH in various environments, with the sensing response dependent on the defect density level of graphene. This study reveals that different mechanisms, such as surface functional group-induced charge induction and electric double layer formation, control the sensing response at different ratios, ultimately determining the overall pH-sensing characteristics of graphene.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chun-Lung Chiu, Caiyun G. Li, Erik Verschueren, Ru M. Wen, Dalin Zhang, Catherine A. Gordon, Hongjuan Zhao, Amato J. Giaccia, James D. Brooks
Summary: Increased expression of NUSAP1 is a prognostic biomarker in prostate cancer and other malignancies. NUSAP1 is regulated by E2F1 and promotes cancer invasion and metastasis. NUSAP1 interacts with ILF2 and DHX9 to maintain R-loops and respond to DNA damage.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chao Dong, Liwei An, Cheng-han Yu, Michael S. Y. Huen
Summary: The DYRK1B kinase plays a crucial role in maintaining rDNA stability, nucleolar reorganization, and inhibition of rRNA synthesis. Inhibition of DYRK1B results in sustained nucleolar transcription, hypersensitivity to DSBs at rDNA arrays, and requirement for DSB repair and rDNA copy number maintenance. These findings highlight the importance of DYRK1B as a key signaling intermediate in coordinating DSB repair and rDNA transcriptional activities within the nucleolus.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maxim Sinitsky, Maxim Asanov, Anna Sinitskaya, Daria Shishkova, Maria Khutornaya, Varvara Minina, Anastasia Ponasenko
Summary: This study found that the statin drug atorvastatin can modulate the DNA damage repair response in endothelial cells exposed to MMC, and this response is dependent on the cell line and incubation scheme. This is important for understanding the pleiotropic effects of atorvastatin and can be used to improve the treatment of patients with atherosclerosis characterized by high genotoxic load.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Hao Wu, Wenshuo Zhang, Fengli Xu, Kun Peng, Xiaoyu Liu, Wanqiu Ding, Qi Ma, Heping Cheng, Xianhua Wang
Summary: Wu et al. have identified C17orf80 as a bona fide mitochondrial nucleoid protein that promotes mtDNA replication. This discovery sheds light on the regulation of mtDNA maintenance and offers a potential target for treating diseases associated with defective mtDNA metabolism.
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Lin Shui, Xiaofen Li, Yang Peng, Jiangfang Tian, Shuangshuang Li, Du He, Ang Li, Bole Tian, Mao Li, Heli Gao, Ning An, Cheng Yi, Dan Cao
Summary: In this retrospective study, the role of germline and somatic DDR mutations in predicting the efficacy of olaparib and platinum-based chemotherapy in Chinese PDAC patients was shown. The DDR mutation was found to be an independent prognostic factor for survival analysis of advanced PDAC patients. Further investigation is needed to determine the value of DDR mutation in predicting hypermutation status and sensitivity to PD-1 blockade.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)