Article
Microbiology
Jamin Liu, Kristeene A. Knopp, Elze Rackaityte, Chung Yu Wang, Matthew T. Laurie, Sara Sunshine, Andreas S. Puschnik, Joseph L. DeRisi
Summary: This study identifies novel host factors associated with Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection of human tissues, highlighting the importance of CD164 in viral entry and suggesting it as a potential therapeutic target for congenital infection.
Article
Immunology
Mark Smyth, Kseniya Khamina, Alexandra Popa, Venugopal Gudipati, Benedikt Agerer, Alexander Lercher, Lindsay Kosack, Lukas Endler, Hatoon Baazim, Csilla Viczenczova, Johannes B. Huppa, Andreas Bergthaler
Summary: CTLs play a key role in the host response to chronic viruses by targeting virus-infected cells, but viruses can evolve escape mutations to avoid CTL-mediated control. Studying CTL escape mutations in a chronic infection model revealed that these mutations inhibit the activation and expansion of epitope-specific CD8 T cells. This understanding may inform future treatments and vaccines against chronic infections.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Aleksandra J. Ozga, Melvyn T. Chow, Mateus E. Lopes, Rachel L. Servis, Mauro Di Pilato, Philippe Dehio, Jeffrey Lian, Thorsten R. Mempel, Andrew D. Luster
Summary: The differentiation of CD8(+) T cells in chronic infection is controlled by CXCR3 and CXCL10, which has important therapeutic implications.
Article
Oncology
Laura Llao-Cid, Philipp M. Roessner, Vicente Chapaprieta, Selcen Oeztuerk, Tobias Roider, Marie Bordas, Ana Izcue, Dolors Colomer, Sascha Dietrich, Stephan Stilgenbauer, Bola Hanna, Jose Ignacio Martin-Subero, Martina Seiffert
Summary: The EOMES SNP is associated with increased risk for CLL due to its negative impact on CD8(+) T-cell-mediated immune control of the disease. EOMES is essential for the expansion and maintenance of CD8(+) T cells, and thus involved in adaptive immune control of CLL.
Article
Virology
Amanda L. Gill, William H. Hudson, Rajesh M. Valanparambil, Eunseon Ahn, Donald J. McGuire, Andreas Wieland, Daniel T. McManus, Haydn T. Kissick, Rama S. Akondy, Rafi Ahmed
Summary: A better understanding of long-lived memory CD8 T cell differentiation is necessary due to increased demand for novel vaccination strategies. Using a mouse model of acute LCMV infection, we conducted an in-depth, longitudinal analysis of memory CD8 T cell subsets, examining their phenotype, transcriptional programming, and anatomical location in the spleen. We characterized a comprehensive memory phenotype associated with higher CD28 expression and found distinct localization programs within the spleen for memory subsets. These findings suggest that memory formation and survival may be influenced by location, emphasizing the importance of considering memory phenotypes and their trafficking for robust memory responses following vaccination.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Sebastian Klein, Jasmin Mischke, Finn Beruldsen, Immo Prinz, Dinler A. Antunes, Markus Cornberg, Anke R. M. Kraft
Summary: A hallmark of chronic viral infections is exhausted antigen-specific CD8(+) T cell responses and the persistence of the virus in the immune system. This study aimed to examine the variability of epitope-specific T cell exhaustion and its relationship to T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire in a chronic setting with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. The results showed that there were individual and independent responses within one immune response, with different levels of exhaustion and TCR repertoire diversity. Additionally, the study revealed that immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy had heterogeneous effects on the TCR repertoire of different epitope-specific T cell responses. These findings have important implications for therapeutic approaches targeting chronic viral infections.
Article
Immunology
Ignacio Juarez, Shi Su, Zachary T. Herbert, John R. Teijaro, Vaishali R. Moulton
Summary: SRSF1 plays an essential role in the homeostasis and function of CD8 T cells, controlling their numbers, proliferative capacity, and cytotoxic function. It is also involved in the immune response to viral infection, regulating multiple signaling pathways in the transcriptome.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elodie Belnoue, Alexis Vogelzang, Natalie E. Nieuwenhuizen, Magdalena A. Krzyzaniak, Stephanie Darbre, Mario Kreutzfeldt, Ingrid Wagner, Doron Merkler, Paul-Henri Lambert, Stefan H. E. Kaufmann, Claire-Anne Siegrist, Daniel D. Pinschewer
Summary: The study developed a novel rLCMV vaccine that induced high frequencies of Mtb-specific CD8 and CD4 T cell responses, enhancing immunity against tuberculosis. The findings suggest that rLCMV may be useful for neonatal and adult vaccination efforts against pulmonary tuberculosis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Anna-Friederike Marx, Sandra M. Kallert, Tobias M. Brunner, Jose A. Villegas, Florian Geier, Jonas Fixemer, Tiago Abreu-Mota, Peter Reuther, Weldy V. Bonilla, Jelizaveta Fadejeva, Mario Kreutzfeldt, Ingrid Wagner, Patricia Aparicio-Domingo, Leo Scarpellino, Melanie Charmoy, Daniel T. Utzschneider, Claudia Hagedorn, Min Lu, Karen Cornille, Karsten Stauffer, Florian Kreppel, Doron Merkler, Dietmar Zehn, Werner Held, Sanjiv A. Luther, Max Loehning, Daniel D. Pinschewer
Summary: This study shows that T cell factor 1 (Tcf-1) expressing CD8+ T cells, known as stem-like CD8+ T cells (CD8+SL), play a crucial role in immune defense against chronic viral infection and cancer. It identifies interleukin-33 (IL-33) as a pivotal factor for the expansion and functioning of CD8+SL and virus control.
Article
Virology
Mya Myat Ngwe Tun, Kouichi Morita, Takeshi Ishikawa, Shuzo Urata
Summary: This study suggests that the DED/EDh motif present in both arenaviruses and coronaviruses can be a potential drug target. Docking simulation studies showed that compounds ATA and PV6R target the DED/EDh motifs in viral proteins, inhibiting post-entry step of LCMV and SARS-CoV-2 infections. This research provides a new direction for the development of antiviral drugs.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Vineet Gupta, Lorena R. Antunez, Soraia Saleh-Birdjandi, Ozan S. Kumru, Richard Pospisil, Anders Lilja, Gerhard Fuhrmann, Lee Smith, David B. Volkin, Sangeeta B. Joshi
Summary: This study developed a high-throughput infectivity detection method for the viral vector TT1, which showed increased sample throughput and improved assay flexibility compared to traditional methods. This method can be potentially used in vector formulation development and manufacturing processes.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Chi-Chang Sung, Jau-Hau Horng, Shih-Hong Siao, I-Tsu Chyuan, Hwei-Fang Tsai, Pei-Jer Chen, Ping-Ning Hsu
Summary: This study identified ASGM1-positive liver-resident CD8 T cells as the major effector immune cells that mediate anti-HBV immunity, working in coordination with TRM cells and other immune cells to clear HBV.
CELLULAR & MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Hiroshi Ishii, Kazutaka Terahara, Takushi Nomura, Midori Okazaki, Hiroyuki Yamamoto, Tsugumine Shu, Hiromi Sakawaki, Tomoyuki Miura, David I. Watkins, Tetsuro Matano
Summary: This study demonstrates that inducing virus-specific CD8(+) T cells rather than CD4(+) T cells through specific immunogen design can enhance the protective efficacy of HIV vaccines.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Richard Dambra, Andrea Matter, Kaitlynn Graca, Saeed Salehin Akhand, Saurin Mehta, Ashlee Bell-Cohn, Joyce M. Swenson, Sadia Abid, Dongyue Xin, Cedric Lewis, Luke Coyle, Min Wang, Kathleen Bunosso, Michelle Maugiri, Richard Ruiz, Corey M. Cirillo, Birgit Fogal, Christine Grimaldi, Adam Vigil, Charles Wood, Joseph Ashour
Summary: This study combines two novel approaches to investigate the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of vesicular stomatitis virus pseudotyped with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus glycoprotein (VSV-GP) after systemic administration in mice. A replication-incompetent tool virus was developed to distinguish input and replicated drug, and an in situ hybridization method using strand-specific probes was developed to differentiate genomic and antigenomic viral RNA strands contributing to replication dynamics in tissues. These unique approaches provide a refined understanding of the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of replicating oncolytic viruses.
MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Masahiro Manabe, Nao Tanizawa, Satoru Nanno, Yuuji Hagiwara, Reiko Asada, Ki-Ryang Koh
Summary: This case report emphasizes the importance of considering the involvement of genetically poor prognostic factors, regardless of the co-occurrence of chronic lymphocytic leukemia and essential thrombocythemia.