Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mariana Leguia, Alejandra Garcia-Glaessner, Breno Munoz-Saavedra, Diana Juarez, Patricia Barrera, Carlos Calvo-Mac, Javier Jara, Walter Silva, Karl Ploog, Lady Amaro, Paulo Colchao-Claux, Christine K. Johnson, Marcela M. Uhart, Martha I. Nelson, Jesus Lescano
Summary: Highly pathogenic avian influenza A/H5N1 viruses have invaded the Americas and pose a threat to wildlife, poultry, and humans. The HPAI/H5N1 viruses in Peru have genetic reassortment between Eurasian and American lineages, emphasizing the need for surveillance and control measures.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Wendy Puryear, Kaitlin Sawatzki, Nichola Hill, Alexa Foss, Jonathon J. Stone, Lynda Doughty, Dominique Walk, Katie Gilbert, Maureen Murray, Elena Cox, Priya Patel, Zak Mertz, Stephanie Ellis, Jennifer Taylor, Deborah Fauquier, Ainsley Smith, Robert A. DiGiovanni Jr, Adriana van de Guchte, Ana Silvia Gonzalez-Reiche, Zain Khalil, Harm van Bakel, Mia K. Torchetti, Kristina Lantz, Julianna B. Lenoch, Jonathan Runstadler
Summary: We report the spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) in marine mammals in the northeastern United States, which is concurrent with the presence of H5N1 in wild birds in the same area. Our findings highlight the importance of monitoring both wild coastal birds and marine mammals in assessing the potential for an influenza A virus pandemic.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Olivier Duriez, Yohan Sassi, Chloe Le Gall-Ladeveze, Lea Giraud, Robert Straughan, Lise Dauverne, Anna Terras, Thierry Boulinier, Remi Choquet, Anne van de Wiele, Julien Hirschinger, Jean-Luc Guerin, Guillaume Le Loc'h
Summary: A study found that terrestrial birds infected with highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus exhibit immobility behavior during the breeding season, which may reduce the risk of virus transmission. However, these infections pose a threat to endangered vulture species, raising concerns about their resistance to the virus.
Review
Virology
Joe McKellar, Antoine Rebendenne, Melanie Wencker, Olivier Moncorge, Caroline Goujon
Summary: Host cells have developed a multi-modular system to detect and combat influenza viruses, including interferon response and intrinsic immunity. These mechanisms activate a wide array of antiviral effectors that inhibit virus replication at various stages, providing important insights for the development of new influenza treatments.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
V Caliendo, N. S. Lewis, A. Pohlmann, S. R. Baillie, A. C. Banyard, M. Beer, I. H. Brown, R. A. M. Fouchier, R. D. E. Hansen, T. K. Lameris, A. S. Lang, S. Laurendeau, O. Lung, G. Robertson, H. van der Jeugd, T. N. Alkie, K. Thorup, M. L. van Toor, J. Waldenstrom, C. Yason, T. Kuiken, Y. Berhane
Summary: Recent detection of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in North America, closely related to the viruses in Europe, raises concerns about further spread across the Americas through wild bird migration.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Debapriyo Chakraborty, Claire Guinat, Nicola F. Muller, Francois-Xavier Briand, Mathieu Andraud, Axelle Scoizec, Sophie Lebouquin, Eric Niqueux, Audrey Schmitz, Beatrice Grasland, Jean-Luc Guerin, Mathilde C. Paul, Timothee Vergne
Summary: This study analyzed the spatiotemporal dynamics of the highly pathogenic avian influenza epidemic in France in 2016-2017 and assessed the impact of control measures on viral spread. The results showed that large-scale culling of ducks significantly reduced viral spread between regions, while restrictions on duck transport within regions may not completely stop the viral spread.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Jiao Hu, Peipei Peng, Jun Li, Qi Zhang, Rumeng Li, Xiaoquan Wang, Min Gu, Zenglei Hu, Shunlin Hu, Xiaowen Liu, Xinan Jiao, Daxin Peng, Xiufan Liu
Summary: The bivalent H5+H7 VLP vaccine candidate shows promising results in protecting poultry against highly pathogenic H5N1 and H7N9 avian influenza viruses, and may serve as a critical alternative to traditional egg-based inactivated vaccines.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Sarah N. Bevins, Susan A. Shriner, James C. Cumbee, Krista E. Dilione, Kelly E. Douglass, Jeremy W. Ellis, Mary Lea Killian, Mia K. Torchetti, Julianna B. Lenoch
Summary: Eurasian-origin highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus belonging to the Gs/GD lineage, clade 2.3.4.4b, was detected in wild waterfowl in 2 Atlantic coastal states in the United States. Bird banding data revealed widespread movement of waterfowl within the Atlantic Flyway and between neighboring flyways and northern breeding grounds.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Fatou T. Lo, Bianca Zecchin, Alpha A. Diallo, Racky O. Ba, Luca Tassoni, Aida Diop, Moussa Diouf, Mayekor Diouf, Yacine N. Samb, Ambra Pastori, Federica Gobbo, Francesca Ellero, Mariame Diop, Modou M. Lo, Mame N. Diouf, Mathioro Fall, Amadou A. Ndiaye, Adji M. Gaye, Medoune Badiane, Mbargou Lo, Babacor N. Youm, Ibrahima Ndao, Marius Niaga, Calogero Terregino, Boly Diop, Youssou Ndiaye, Angelique Angot, Ismaila Seck, Mamadou Niang, Baba Soumare, Alice Fusaro, Isabella Monne
Summary: In January 2021, the emergence of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus A(H5N1) was reported in Senegal, detected on a poultry farm and in great white pelicans in the Djoudj National Bird Sanctuary. This provides evidence of new transcontinental spread of H5N1 from Europe to Africa.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Leo Loth, Long Thanh Pham, Mark Anthony Stevenson
Summary: The study revealed statistically significant spatio-temporal clustering of HPAI-H5N1 outbreaks in poultry in Vietnam, with frequent outbreaks in the southern region. Shortcomings in control measures led to difficulties in effectively controlling the outbreaks, highlighting the need for a better understanding of the relative impact of various control measures on spatio-temporal interactions in order to focus efforts on the most effective measures.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Mabusetsa R. J. Makalo, William G. Dundon, Tirumala B. K. Settypalli, Sneha Datta, Charles E. Lamien, Giovanni Cattoli, Moeketsi S. Phalatsi, Relebohile J. Lepheana, Mpaliseng Matlali, Relebohile G. Mahloane, Marosi Molomo, Palesa C. Mphaka
Summary: In May 2021, Lesotho reported its first outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) caused by H5N1 subtype. The virus showed high genetic similarity with A/H5N1 viruses identified in Nigeria and Senegal. This discovery has significant implications for disease management and food security in the region.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Subrata Barman, Jasmine C. M. Turner, M. Kamrul Hasan, Sharmin Akhtar, Trushar Jeevan, John Franks, David Walker, Nabanita Mukherjee, Patrick Seiler, Lisa Kercher, Pamela Mckenzie, Robert G. Webster, Mohammed M. Feeroz, Richard J. Webby
Summary: Virological surveillance in Bangladesh in 2021 found that low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) H9N2 and highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 viruses were circulating in live poultry markets (LPMs), while LPAI H4N6 and H7N7 viruses were detected in migratory birds in the Tanguar Haor wetlands. Genetic analysis suggested long-distance movement of these viruses along the Central Asian migratory bird flyway. A novel clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 virus, similar to one found in The Netherlands in October 2020 but with a different PB2 gene, was also identified in ducks in free-range farms in Tanguar Haor. The presence of clade 2.3.4.4b HPAI H5N1 viruses in Tanguar Haor highlights the role of migratory birds in the transboundary movement of influenza A viruses (IAV), including HPAI viruses. Domestic ducks in wetland areas, like Tangua Haor, serve as a conduit for the introduction of LPAI and HPAI viruses into Bangladesh. The dominance of clade 2.3.4.4b viruses in many regions since mid-2021 raises the question of whether these viruses will replace the endemic clade 2.3.2.1a H5N1 viruses in Bangladesh.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Varsha Potdar, Megha Brijwal, Rakesh Lodha, Pragya Yadav, Santosh Jadhav, Manohar Lal Choudhary, Aashish Choudhary, Veena Vipat, Nivedita Gupta, Ashok Kumar Deorari, Lalit Dar, Priya Abraham
Summary: An 11-year-old boy with acute myeloid leukemia in New Delhi, India, was treated for severe acute respiratory infection caused by avian influenza A(H5N1). The strain belonged to hemagglutinin gene clade 2.3.2.1a and was found to be susceptible to amantadine and neuraminidase inhibitors.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Yu Ye, Huiying Fan, Qi Li, Zhen Zhang, Peisi Miao, Jun Zhu, Jie Liu, Jie Zhang, Ming Liao
Summary: This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the proteome response in Muscovy duck lung tissue during H5N1 avian influenza virus infection. The findings suggest that the infection mechanism and disease progression of H5N1 viruses may be related to specific pathways and protein expressions. The study reveals differences in host immune response between different strains of the H5N1 virus and indicates the involvement of the Akt/mTOR/p70S6K pathway in the host response to H5N1 viruses.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Hongbo Zhang, Yanfeng Yao, Yan Li, Jianjun Chen, Ze Chen
Summary: This study isolated multiple H5N1 strains from water samples in Dongting Lake and lakeside backyard poultry, and genetic analysis revealed a diversified genome constellation. The genetic characteristics of some viruses from water samples were similar to those from lakeside poultry. Pathogenic experiments showed that selected isolates were highly pathogenic in SPF chickens but had varied virulence in mice.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Craig S. Ross, David Sutton, Paul Skinner, Sahar Mahmood, Felicity Wynne, Brandon Londt, Chad M. Fuller, Jo Mayers, Alejandro Nunez, Daniel J. Hicks, Sharon M. Brookes, Ashley C. Banyard, Ian H. Brown
Summary: Newcastle disease (ND) is a significant disease of poultry caused by virulent forms of avian paramyxovirus-1 (APMV-1). Pigeon paramyxovirus 1 (PPMV-1) can also cause infections. A study investigated the pathogenesis and transmission of a specific APMV-1 strain in game birds and compared it to a contemporary PPMV-1 strain. The study suggested that game birds may play a role in the transmission and epidemiology of APMV-1 viruses.
Article
Oncology
Harry Klimis, Jehonathan H. Pinthus, Nazanin Aghel, Emmanuelle Duceppe, Vincent Fradet, Ian Brown, D. Robert Siemens, Bobby Shayegan, Laurence Klotz, Patrick P. Luke, Tamim Niazi, Luke T. Lavallee, Negareh Mousavi, Robert J. Hamilton, Joseph L. Chin, Darin Gopaul, Philippe D. Violette, Margot K. Davis, Nawar Hanna, Robert Sabbagh, Osnat Itzhaki Ben Zadok, Ludhmila Abrahao Hajjar, Ariel Galapo Kann, Rajibul Mian, Sumathy Rangarajan, Kelvin Kuan Huei, Zaza Iakobishvili, Joseph B. Selvanayagam, Alvaro Avezum, Darryl P. Leong
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the rate and correlates of poor cardiovascular risk factor control among men with prostate cancer. It found that almost all participants had at least one uncontrolled cardiovascular risk factor, with 51% having poor overall risk factor control. Not taking statins, physical frailty, need for blood pressure medication, and age were identified as key factors associated with poor overall risk factor control.
JACC: CARDIOONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Joe James, Elizabeth Billington, Caroline J. Warren, Dilhani De Sliva, Cecilia Di Genova, Maisie Airey, Stephanie M. Meyer, Thomas Lewis, Jacob Peers-Dent, Saumya S. Thomas, Abigail Lofts, Natalia Furman, Alejandro Nunez, Marek J. Slomka, Ian H. Brown, Ashley C. Banyard
Summary: The 2021/2022 epizootic of high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAIV) caused by clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 HPAIV is the largest ever in the UK, affecting over 145 poultry premises. The virus was transmitted to poultry through independent incursion from infected wild birds, supported by over 1700 detections of H5N1 from wild bird mortalities. The H5N1-21 virus used for investigation exhibited high infectivity and transmission in ducks, while showing a lower adaptation to chickens.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Gino Castillo, Juan Carlos Mora-Diaz, Mary Breuer, Pallavi Singh, Rahul K. Nelli, Luis G. Gimenez-Lirola
Summary: Human coronavirus NL63 (HCoV-NL63) is a globally spread virus that mainly causes upper and lower respiratory tract infections in young children. It shares a host receptor (ACE2) with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and SARS-CoV-2, but is less severe and can be studied in lower biosafety level laboratories. HCoV-NL63 can be used as a safer surrogate for comparative studies on receptor dynamics, infectivity, virus replication, and potential therapeutic interventions against SARS-like CoVs.
Article
Virology
Joe James, Caroline J. Warren, Dilhani De Silva, Thomas Lewis, Katherine Grace, Scott M. Reid, Marco Falchieri, Ian H. Brown, Ashley C. Banyard
Summary: Since October 2021, Europe has experienced a large-scale avian influenza (AIV) outbreak caused by the clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 high pathogenicity AIV. The virus has infected numerous poultry premises and led to the detection of H5N1-positive wild birds in Great Britain. It has been found that airborne particles carrying infectious HPAIV can be transmitted over short distances (<10 m) through the air, while macroscopic particles containing viral RNA may travel further (<= 80 m). However, the potential for airborne transmission between premises is considered low compared to other factors such as indirect contact with wild birds and biosecurity efficiency.
Article
Virology
Craig S. Ross, Paul Skinner, David Sutton, Jo Mayers, Alex Nunez, Sharon M. Brookes, Ashley C. Banyard, Ian H. Brown
Summary: Newcastle Disease (ND), caused by virulent forms of Avian orthoavulavirus serotype-1 (AOAV-1), is a globally significant avian disease. The study investigated the risk of AOAV-1-infected game birds to the UK poultry industry. It demonstrated that both chickens and pheasants are susceptible to infection, leading to high mortality and onward transmission, while partridges serve as intermediate hosts with reduced mortality and transmission.
Article
Virology
Gino Castillo, Rahul K. Nelli, Kruttika S. Phadke, Marlene Bravo-Parra, Juan Carlos Mora-Diaz, Bryan H. Bellaire, Luis G. Gimenez-Lirola
Summary: HCoV-NL63 is a major cause of respiratory tract infections in children, while SARS-CoV-2 can cause more severe respiratory and systemic disease. The study compared the susceptibility, replication dynamics, and morphogenesis of HCoV-NL63 and SARS-CoV-2 in human respiratory epithelial cells. The results showed that SARS-CoV-2 was more efficient than HCoV-NL63 in infecting cells expressing the ACE2 receptors, and replicated more efficiently in the cells.
Article
Virology
Shubhada K. Chothe, Padmaja Jakka, Veda Sheersh Boorla, Santhamani Ramasamy, Abhinay Gontu, Ruth H. Nissly, Justin Brown, Gregory Turner, Brent J. Sewall, DeeAnn M. Reeder, Kenneth A. Field, Julie B. Engiles, Saranya Amirthalingam, Abirami Ravichandran, Lindsey LaBella, Meera Surendran Nair, Costas D. Maranas, Suresh V. Kuchipudi
Summary: A study has found that little brown bats, a widely distributed North American bat species, could be at risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and potentially serve as a natural reservoir. The combination of in vitro and in silico methods can be used to assess the susceptibility of bats and other animal species to SARS-CoV-2.
Editorial Material
Ecology
Suresh V. Kuchipudi, Cedric Tan, Lucy van Dorp, Maureen Lichtveld, Bradley Pickering, Jeff Bowman, Samira Mubareka, Francois Balloux
Summary: SARS-CoV-2 lineages circulating in animal reservoirs may increase the risk of novel variants emerging, highlighting the need for comprehensive surveillance.
NATURE ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Shubhada K. Chothe, Maurice Byukusenge, Manoj K. Sekhwal, Lingling Li, Lindsey Cecelia LaBella, Padmaja Jakka, Kay Palchak, Rhiannon Barry, Michele Yon, Ruth H. Nissly, Kathleen M. Kelly, Bhushan M. Jayarao, Meera Surendran Nair, Suresh V. Kuchipudi
Summary: We present the complete genomic sequence of bovine coronavirus (BCoV) isolated from a goat in Pennsylvania in 2022. BCoV is known to cause calf scours and winter dysentery in cattle.
MICROBIOLOGY RESOURCE ANNOUNCEMENTS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Macauley J. Green, Ewan J. Murray, Paul Williams, Amir M. Ghaemmaghami, Jonathan W. Aylott, Philip M. Williams
Summary: Under low-shear modeled microgravity conditions, Staphylococcus aureus exhibited a colonization phenotype instead of a pathogenic one, due to reduced production of autoinducing peptide signal molecules.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Virology
Santhamani Ramasamy, Abhinay Gontu, Sabarinath Neerukonda, Diana Ruggiero, Becky Morrow, Sheweta Gupta, Saranya Amirthalingam, John M. Hardham, Joshua T. Lizer, Michele Yon, Ruth H. Nissly, Padmaja Jakka, Shubhada K. Chothe, Lindsey C. LaBella, Deepanker Tewari, Meera Surendran Nair, Suresh V. Kuchipudi
Summary: This study assesses the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 variant infections in domestic and community cats in an urban setting. While no cats tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA, 35 cats (12.86%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. The study also compares two different assays for SARS-CoV-2 antibody detection in cats and identifies the presence of antibodies to pre-Omicron and Omicron variants.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Matthew Vassey, Le Ma, Lisa Kammerling, Chidimma Mbadugha, Gustavo F. Trindade, Grazziela P. Figueredo, Francesco Pappalardo, Jason Hutchinson, Robert Markus, Seema Rajani, Qin Hu, David A. Winkler, Derek J. Irvine, Richard Hague, Amir M. Ghaemmaghami, Ricky Wildman, Morgan R. Alexander
Summary: To design effective immunomodulatory implants, controlling and understanding the interactions between biomaterial surfaces and innate immune cells is crucial. Two-photon polymerization allows for the production of surface-mounted 3D polymer objects with diverse geometries, demonstrating the importance of the interplay between architecture and materials chemistry in determining human macrophage fate. Key structure-function relationships and design rules that influence cell attachment and polarization are identified through the ChemoArchiChip, with object shape, vertex/cone angle, and size being important factors. These findings suggest that surfaces decorated with specific architectures can enhance implant performance.
Article
Virology
L. Carnegie, M. Hasan, R. Mahmud, M. A. Hoque, N. Debnath, M. H. Uddin, N. S. Lewis, I Brown, S. Essen, Md Giasuddin, D. U. Pfeiffer, M. A. Samad, P. Biswas, J. Raghwani, G. Fournie, S. C. Hill
Summary: Avian influenza virus subtype H9N2 is prevalent in Bangladesh's poultry population and poses a potential zoonotic risk. This study investigates the spatial spread and dispersal patterns of H9N2 viruses in Bangladesh's poultry population using phylodynamic analyses, focusing on the two largest cities (Dhaka and Chattogram) and their poultry production and distribution networks. The study reveals that H9N2 viruses spread more within each city than between the two cities, and there is close epidemiological connectivity between markets within the same city. The study also suggests that H9N2 viruses spread more frequently between certain chicken types in Dhaka compared to Chattogram.