Article
Virology
Min Zhu, Hao Zeng, Jianqiao He, Yaohui Zhu, Pingping Wang, Jianing Guo, Jinfan Guo, Huabo Zhou, Yifeng Qin, Kang Ouyang, Zuzhang Wei, Weijian Huang, Ying Chen
Summary: The reassortment between avian H9N2 and Eurasian avian-like (EA) H1N1 viruses may have potentially changed from avian-to-mammals adaptation. This study found that the introduction of EA H1N1 internal genes into H9N2 virus restored the replication capability and resulted in extreme virulence in some cases. This raises new concerns for public health due to the possible coexistence of H9N2 and EA H1N1 viruses in dogs.
Article
Microbiology
Dennis Maletich Junqueira, Caroline Tochetto, Tavis K. Anderson, Danielle Gava, Vanessa Haach, Mauricio E. Cantao, Amy L. Vincent Baker, Rejane Schaefer
Summary: This study analyzed a large number of H1N1pdm09 gene sequences from humans and swine globally between 2009 and 2022, and found that there was rapid transmission of the virus from humans to swine in Brazil during 2009-2011, but most of the infections in swine were self-limited with limited onward transmission. After 2012, there was a reduction in human-to-swine H1N1pdm09 transmissions in Brazil. The study highlights the dynamic interplay between human-to-swine transmission, antigenic drift, and the establishment of swine-to-swine transmission in shaping the evolution and persistence of H1N1pdm09 in swine populations.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Alexey Markin, Giovana Ciacci Zanella, Zebulun W. Arendsee, Jianqiang Zhang, Karen M. Krueger, Phillip C. Gauger, Amy L. Vincent L. Baker, Tavis K. Anderson
Summary: Research reveals that the 2009 H1N1 influenza virus has the ability to cross species barriers and frequently spread between humans and swine. The virus undergoes genetic and antigenic changes in swine populations, posing a zoonotic threat to humans. The study confirms a correlation between human and swine cases of H1N1 influenza, and the burden of the virus in humans directly impacts its detection in pigs. Additionally, it was found that the persistence of the virus in swine is mainly due to spillovers from human-to-swine transmission. These findings underscore the risk of influenza transmission between humans and swine.
Article
Virology
Peter W. Cook, Thomas Stark, Joyce Jones, Rebecca Kondor, Natosha Zanders, Jeffrey Benfer, Samantha Scott, Yunho Jang, Alicia Janas-Martindale, Stephen Lindstrom, Lenee Blanton, John Schiltz, Rachel Tell, Richard Griesser, Peter Shult, Erik Reisdorf, Tonya Danz, Alicia Fry, John Barnes, Amy Vincent, David E. Wentworth, C. Todd Davis
Summary: The study discusses the transmission of seasonal influenza viruses between humans and pigs, leading to sustained circulation of human-like viruses in the U.S. swine population. Two cases of human infections with A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses originating from swine hosts are identified and classified as swine-origin variant influenza viruses. The study underscores the importance of developing techniques for distinguishing human-origin and swine-origin viruses for continued surveillance of influenza viruses.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Akeno Tsuneki-Tokunaga, Kyosuke Kanai, Asao Itagaki, Hideaki Tsuchie, Takayoshi Okada, Masaaki Kasagi, Kiyoshi Tanaka, Miho Aoki, Alfredo Jr A. Hinay, Seiji Kageyama
Summary: This study assessed the correlation between the growth capability of epidemic influenza A/H1N1, A/H3N2, and B viruses in cells and the viral load in nasopharyngeal swabs, revealing a positive correlation between growth capability and viral load. Additionally, a high positive correlation between growth capability and cell death was observed in the experiment. Therefore, the growth capability of viruses plays a significant role in disease prognosis.
ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Weixu Zhang, Hefeng Xu, Shuxuan Guan, Chengmin Wang, Guoying Dong
Summary: This study analyzed the available NA protein sequences of H1N1 influenza viruses worldwide and found that 3.76% of H1N1 viruses currently harbor oseltamivir resistance, with the most common mutation being H274Y. Oseltamivir resistance is mainly found in humans, swine, and avian, and the resistance level peaked in 2007-2008 and quickly decreased in 2009. The study highlights the importance of globally monitoring oseltamivir resistance.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Thuy-Tien Thi Trinh, Bao Tuan Duong, Anh Thi Viet Nguyen, Hien Thi Tuong, Vui Thi Hoang, Duong Duc Than, SunJeong Nam, Haan Woo Sung, Ki-Jung Yun, Seon-Ju Yeo, Hyun Park
Summary: Influenza A virus subtype H1N1 has caused global pandemics in the past, with multiple isolates found in Korean wild birds showing varying virulence characteristics and adaptations. Increased surveillance in Korea is necessary to monitor the circulation of influenza viruses in wild bird populations effectively.
Article
Immunology
Veronica A. Ferrando, Marcel E. Friedrich, Shrey Gandhi, Alexander Mellmann, Doerthe Masemann, Anmari Christersson, Darisuren Anhlan, Linda Brunotte, Monika Stoll, Timm Harder, Martin Beer, Yvonne Boergeling, Stephan Ludwig
Summary: Influenza A viruses, including the H1N1pdm09 virus, cause recurrent epidemics and occasional pandemics in humans. The reassortment of these viruses in swine and their ability to replicate in human lung tissue suggest a possible zoonotic potential. Reassortment frequently occurs in the PB1, PA, and NA segments, resulting in the generation of reassortants that can reach high titers in swine lung cells.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Hailiang Sun, Yongcui Wang, Hanlin Liu, Zifeng Pang, Xinxin Cui, Rui Zhao, Yanwei Liu, Xiaoyun Qu, Mian Huang, Changwen Ke, Ming Liao
Summary: This study analyzed the evolution, replication, and transmission of H1N1 influenza A virus in China from 2009 to 2020. The predominant clades were 6B.1 and 6B.2, with different proportions in different regions. The evolution trend in China diverged from that in North America after 2015. Pdm09 viruses from Guangdong in 2016-2017 showed efficient replication and transmission ability.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Michael Lutz, Jordana Schmierer, Toru Takimoto
Summary: Avian species are the main source of pandemic influenza A viruses that can infect humans. This study found that avian influenza A virus genes, including PA, PB1, and PB2, need to undergo host-adaptive mutations in order to replicate and transmit in humans. It was discovered that the PA gene from the 2009 pH1N1 strain had host-adaptive mutations that enhanced viral replication by increasing translation efficiency. This was achieved through increased cytosolic accumulation of viral mRNA, which depended on the host RNA binding protein GRSF1. Mutations to the GRSF1 binding site and knockdown of GRSF1 reduced viral mRNA accumulation and translation efficiency. These findings reveal a previously unrecognized mechanism by which host-adaptive mutations in PA regulate viral replication and host adaptation.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Virology
Gloria Perez-Rubio, Marco Antonio Ponce-Gallegos, Bruno Andre Dominguez-Mazzocco, Jaime Ponce-Gallegos, Roman Alejandro Garcia-Ramirez, Ramces Falfan-Valencia
Summary: Research has shown that genetic susceptibility to Influenza A virus infection is influenced by multiple pathways, including innate immune response, complement activation, and variants in inflammatory response genes. Specific gene polymorphisms such as SNPs play key roles in host immune responses, affecting viral replication and host response, representing important factors in genetic susceptibility to IAV infection.
Letter
Immunology
Jakob N. Nissen, Sophie J. George, Charlotte K. Hjulsager, Jesper S. Krog, Xiaohui C. Nielsen, Tina V. Madsen, Klara M. Andersen, Tyra G. Krause, Lasse S. Vestergaard, Lars E. Larsen, Ramona Trebbien
Summary: In January 2021, a case of human infection with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus containing a nonstructural gene highly similar to Eurasian avian-like H1Nx swine influenza virus was detected in Denmark. The clinical case and testing results of the genetic and antigenic characterizations of the virus were described.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Andrew A. Fulvini, Akaash Tuteja, Jianhua Le, Barbara A. Pokorny, Jeanmarie Silverman, Doris Bucher
Summary: The only effective measure to decrease morbidity and mortality caused by the influenza virus in the human population is worldwide vaccination. The effectiveness of new influenza vaccines are linked to two factors, the correct prediction of the circulating strains in the population in a particular season and the concentration of the HA1 protein in the vaccine formulation. Pharmaceutical manufacturers are under considerable pressure due to time constraints and dedicated resources to deliver vaccine doses.
Article
Business, Finance
Di Gong, Tao Jiang, Liping Lu
Summary: This paper empirically analyzes the impact of pandemic on the contracting of bank loans. Using data on syndicated loans during the season of H1N1 Swine Flu, we find that more flu is associated with higher loan spreads and smaller loan size. The adverse impact of pandemic was alleviated by the approval of vaccines.
FINANCE RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Virology
Nutan Mytle, Sonja Leyrer, Jon R. Inglefield, Andrea M. Harris, Thomas E. Hickey, Jacob Minang, Hang Lu, Zhidong Ma, Hanne Andersen, Nathan D. Grubaugh, Tina Guina, Mario H. Skiadopoulos, Michael J. Lacy
Summary: Research demonstrates that utilizing combinations of conserved antigens of influenza A virus, such as NP and various forms of M2e, can generate broad immune protection in mice, reducing lung viral burden and weight loss.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Y. Si, I. W. Lee, E. Kim, Y. Kim, H. Kwon, S. Park, H. D. Nguyen, S. M. Kim, J. Kwon, W. Choi, Y. H. Beak, M. Song, C. Kim, R. J. Webby, Y. Choi
Article
Infectious Diseases
Young-Il Kim, Su-Jin Park, Hyeok-Il Kwon, Eun-Ha Kim, Young-Jae Si, Ju-Hwan Jeong, In-Won Lee, Hiep Dinh Nguyen, Jin-Jung Kwon, Won Suk Choi, Min-Suk Song, Chul-Joong Kim, Young-Ki Choi
INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION
(2017)
Article
Virology
Eunkyung Shin, Jin Seok Kim, Kyung-Hwan Oh, Sung Suck Oh, MunJu Kwon, Soojin Kim, Jungsun Park, Hyo-Sun Kwak, Gyung Tae Chung, Chul-Joong Kim, Junyoung Kim
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY
(2017)
Article
Virology
Won-Suk Choi, Ju Hwan Jeong, Jin Jung Kwon, Su Jeong Ahn, Khristine Kaith S. Lloren, Hyeok-Il Kwon, Hee Bok Chae, Jungwon Hwang, Myung Hee Kim, Chul-Joong Kim, Richard J. Webby, Elena A. Govorkova, Young Ki Choi, Yun Hee Baek, Min-Suk Song
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2018)
Article
Immunology
Su-Jin Park, Eun-Ha Kim, Hyeok-Il Kwon, Min-Suk Song, Se Mi Kim, Young-Il Kim, Young-Jae Si, In-Won Lee, Hiep Dinh Nguyen, Ok Sarah Shin, Chul-Joong Kim, Young Ki Choi
Article
Virology
Prabuddha S. Pathinayake, W. A. Gayan Chathuranga, Hyun-Cheol Lee, Mohammed Y. E. Chowdhury, Moon-Hee Sung, Jong-Soo Lee, Chul-Joong Kim
ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY
(2018)
Article
Immunology
Hyeok-il Kwon, Eun-Ha Kim, Young-il Kim, Su-Jin Park, Young-Jae Si, In-Won Lee, Hiep Dinh Nguyen, Kwang Min Yu, Min-Ah Yu, Ju Hwan Jung, Won-Suk Choi, Jin Jung Kwon, Su Jeong Ahn, Yun Hee Baek, Dam Van Lai, Ok-Jun Lee, Si-Wook Kim, Min-Suk Song, Sun-Woo Yoon, Chul-Joong Kim, Richard J. Webby, In-Pil Mo, Young Ki Choi
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2018)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Philippe Noriel Q. Pascua, Heba H. Mostafa, Bindumadhav M. Marathe, Peter Vogel, Charles J. Russell, Richard J. Webby, Elena A. Govorkova
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2017)
Article
Virology
Hyun-Cheol Lee, Eun-Seo Lee, Md Bashir Uddin, Tae-Hwan Kim, Jae-Hoon Kim, Kiramage Chathuranga, W. A. Gayan Chathuranga, Mirim Jin, Sunghoon Kim, Chul-Joong Kim, Jong-Soo Lee
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2019)
Article
Immunology
Ju Hwan Jeong, Eun-Ha Kim, Khristine Kaith S. Lloren, Jin Jung Kwon, Hyeok-il Kwon, Su Jeong Ahn, Young-Il Kim, Won-Suk Choi, Young-Jae Si, Ok-Jun Lee, Hae Jung Han, Yun Hee Baek, Min-Suk Song, Young Ki Choi, Chul-Joong Kim
Article
Infectious Diseases
Philippe Noriel Q. Pascua, Bindumadhav M. Marathe, Peter Vogel, Richard J. Webby, Elena A. Govorkova
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2019)
Article
Cell Biology
Jae-Hoon Kim, Ji-Eun Yoon, Chamilani Nikapitiya, Tae-Hwan Kim, Md Bashir Uddin, Hyun-Cheol Lee, Yong-Hoon Kim, Jung Hwan Hwang, Kiramage Chathuranga, W. A. Gayan Chathuranga, Hueng-Sik Choi, Chul-Joong Kim, Jae U. Jung, Chul-Ho Lee, Jong-Soo Lee
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Rongyuan Gao, Philippe Noriel Q. Pascua, Ha T. Nguyen, Anton Chesnokov, Chloe Champion, Vasiliy P. Mishin, Dave E. Wentworth, Larisa Gubareva
Summary: This study investigated the role of the influenza A virus neuraminidase (NA) in hemagglutination and identified two new determinants, Q136K and T439R, that affect its binding ability. These findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of NA and may contribute to the development of new antiviral drugs targeting NA.
ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ha T. Nguyen, Anton Chesnokov, Juan De La Cruz, Philippe Noriel Q. Pascua, Vasiliy P. Mishin, Yunho Jang, Joyce Jones, Han Di, Andrei A. Ivashchenko, Mary Lea Killian, Mia K. Torchetti, Kristina Lantz, David E. Wentworth, Charles T. Davis, Alexandre V. Ivachtchenko, Larisa V. Gubareva
Summary: The susceptibility of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) viruses to influenza antivirals was evaluated. Among 1,015 sequences collected in the United States in 2022, about 0.8% showed molecular markers of drug resistance. In addition, mutations that may reduce susceptibility to antiviral inhibitors were found in 31 viruses. Close monitoring of drug susceptibility is needed to assess public health risks and inform antiviral stockpiling decisions.
ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Bindumadhav M. Marathe, Heba H. Mostafa, Peter Vogel, Philippe Noriel Q. Pascua, Jeremy C. Jones, Charles J. Russell, Richard J. Webby, Elena A. Govorkova
ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH
(2017)