Article
Virology
Mackenzie L. Anderson, Owen M. Sullivan, Sarah L. Nichols, Liam Kaylor, Deborah F. Kelly, Sarah McDonald Esstman
Summary: This study investigates the key residues of the shell protein VP2 that regulate the activity of the RNA polymerase VP1 in rotaviruses. The results show that specific mutations in VP2 significantly affect the in vitro activity of VP1, suggesting an important regulatory role of the shell protein in polymerase function.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Mackenzie L. Anderson, Sarah McDonald Esstman
Summary: Rotaviruses replicate their genome through a unique RNA synthesis mechanism. The enzyme VP1 can only catalyze minus-strand RNA synthesis when VP2 core shell protein or virus-like particles (VLPs) made of VP2 and VP6 are present. UTP competes with [alpha P-32]-UTP for labeling the RNA product, while CTP and GTP have little effect. Interestingly, ATP stimulates the production of labeled product, suggesting a particle-associated uridyltransferase activity of rotavirus VP1 in vitro.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Camilla Margaroli, Timothy Fram, Nirmal S. Sharma, Siddharth B. Patel, Jennifer Tipper, Sarah W. Robison, Derek W. Russell, Seth D. Fortmann, Mudassir M. Banday, Yixel Soto-Vazquez, Tarek Abdalla, Sawanan Saitornuang, Matthew C. Madison, Sixto M. Leal Jr, Kevin S. Harrod, Nathaniel B. Erdmann, Amit Gaggar
Summary: Neutrophilic inflammation is observed in respiratory viral infections, including COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome, but its role in disease pathogenesis is unclear. This study phenotyped immune cells in the blood and airway of 52 severe COVID-19 patients and identified two subpopulations of neutrophils. The loss of one neutrophil subset correlated with increased viral burden and decreased survival. Further experiments showed that this subset exhibited an antiviral response, which was dependent on type I interferon signaling. Understanding this neutrophil phenotype could lead to new therapeutic approaches for viral illnesses.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michael J. O'Brien, Athar Ansari
Summary: Viral infections depend on host transcription and translation machinery to replicate viral genes and express proteins, with the transcription factor TFIIB frequently targeted by viruses. Direct interactions between viral transcriptional regulators and host TFIIB may offer potential for antiviral therapies.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
V. Navakoteswara Rao, N. Lakshmana Reddy, V. Preethi, Mani Karthik, Yeon-Tae Yu, Jun Mo Yang, M. Mamatha Kumari, M. V. Shankar
Summary: Photocatalytic water splitting using core/shell nanostructures is a promising process for reducing energy demands and environmental pollution. These materials protect the surface features of the core and enhance hydrogen production. This review focuses on the characteristics and efficient water-splitting reactions of core-shell nanostructured photocatalysts.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Daniel P. Ura, Krzysztof Berniak, Urszula Stachewicz
Summary: The study demonstrated the reinforcement of a core-shell structure with fragmented PMMA fibers, resulting in significantly increased maximum stress and Young's modulus. Confocal microscopy confirmed the presence of core-shell fibers with regular short fragments of PMMA inside the PC shell. This work showcases a hierarchical approach for nanoscale single fiber and macroscale composite reinforcement.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Lingmin Wu, Xiujun Wang, Baitao Li
Summary: The porous core-shell Fe3O4@CuSiO3 catalyst was successfully synthesized via a multi-step method, showing high catalytic activity and stability in the styrene epoxidation reaction.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Dechao Wang, Yujie Zheng, Hang Zhao, Xun Zhu, Dingding Ye, Yang Yang, Rong Chen, Qiang Liao
Summary: This study develops a core-shell beta-silicon carbide@potassium-doped polymeric carbon nitride (beta-SiC@PPCN) heterojunction for photo-thermo catalytic hydrogen production. The heterojunction activates the H-OH bond of absorbed water and promotes the migration of photogenerated carriers due to the created internalelectric-field. The elevated running temperature of the heterojunction enhances photoinduced electron-hole separation and activates absorbed water, leading to a high photo-thermo catalytic hydrogen production rate of 13046.7 μmol·g-1·h-1. This study provides a promising strategy for large-scale solar hydrogen production.
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Muhammad Waqas
Summary: A delicate synthesis strategy of Fe2TiO5/Fe2O3 heterostructures was proposed to achieve efficient photocatalytic water oxidation, with the hierarchical structure increasing light absorption depth and promoting the separation of photoinduced excitons, while the high surface area and adequate porosity facilitated the diffusion of electrolyte and adsorption at active sites. Furthermore, the coating of Fe2TiO5/Fe2O3 with graphitic carbon nitride subunits improved photocatalytic water reduction by accelerating the separation of electrons and holes at the contact interface.
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Shunlong Pan, Xinrui Guo, Xing Lu, Rong Li, Hao Hu, Xi Nie, Biming Liu, Rong Chen, Mingxin Zhu, Shengqiang Hei, Xianzheng Zhu, Shuo Zhang, Hua Zhou
Summary: Designed MnFe2O4@HZO magnetic core-shell nanoreactor with catalysis and adsorption functions for PMS activation and NTMP removal. Achieved 96.5% total phosphorus removal within 180 min, with only 0.18 mg/L phosphates remaining. HZO shell provided strong complexation for phosphate adsorption and core exhibited excellent electron transfer for PMS activation. High NTMP removal obtained under HZO protection in wide pH range (3-8) or complex water matrices.
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ke Ni, Qi Peng, Enlai Gao, Kun Wang, Qian Shao, Houbing Huang, Longjian Xue, Zhengzhi Wang
Summary: Core-shell magnetic micropillars with programmable and reprogrammable actuation behaviors have been developed, allowing for dynamic control of magnetomechanical responses through modulation of magnetic nanoparticles. These micropillars can be configured in arbitrary spatial patterns using magnetic writing and easily erased for next-round rewriting, demonstrating potential applications in rewritable paper and recyclable displays. The concept provides a universal prototype for responsive micro/nanostructures with rational design and facile fabrication from conventional materials.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jin-Bo Pan, Sheng Shen, Lang Chen, Chak-Tong Au, Shuang-Feng Yin
Summary: Photoelectrochemical water splitting is a promising solution for solar energy conversion and storage, but the design of efficient photoanodes faces challenges. All known photoanode materials have drawbacks, with core-shell configurations showing potential for improved activity and stability. However, the mechanism for performance improvement still needs further examination.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xia Yang, Songrui Wei, Xilong Ma, Zhuwei Gao, Wei Huang, Dun Wang, Zhongxin Liu, Jieqiong Wang
Summary: In this study, a core-shell CoTiO3@MnO2 composite photothermal catalyst was synthesized and used for the degradation of tetracycline in wastewater. The catalyst showed significantly improved catalytic efficiency by activating peroxymonosulfate and effectively converting solar energy into thermal energy. The wide applicability of the catalyst was demonstrated by its ability to degrade other pollutants within a short time.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xinran Li, Changli Wang, Shasha Zheng, Huaiguo Xue, Qiang Xu, Pierre Braunstein, Huan Pang
Summary: Tailoring the intrinsic electronic structures and extrinsic hierarchical morphologies is a promising strategy to enhance the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance of electrocatalysts. This study presents a facile access to a crystalline/amorphous NiOx microbelt superstructure, which exhibits high electrocatalytic activity and superior durability for OER due to the in-situ surface reconstruction of the NiOx microbelt superstructure that results in a thicker outer amorphous Ni3+/Ni2+ layer facilitating OER.
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Thuy T. Le, Kumari Shilpa, Choongsze Lee, Sungmin Han, Conan Weiland, Simon R. Bare, Paul J. Dauenhauer, Jeffrey D. Rimer
Summary: This study systematically assessed the impact of physicochemical properties on the performance of zeolite catalysts. The findings revealed that core-shell zeolites with ultrathin shells showed enhanced mass transport and improved catalyst performance. In addition, egg-shell configurations of zeolites exhibited higher total turnovers compared to their homogeneous counterparts. Overall, this study demonstrated the significant improvement in catalyst performance through the design of core-shell and egg-shell zeolites.
JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Marianita Santiana, Sourish Ghosh, Brian A. Ho, Vignesh Rajasekaran, Wen-Li Du, Yael Mutsafi, Dennise A. De Jesus-Diaz, Stanislav V. Sosnovtsev, Eric A. Levenson, Gabriel I. Parra, Peter M. Takvorian, Ann Cali, Christopher Bleck, Anastasia N. Vlasova, Linda J. Saif, John T. Patton, Patrizia Lopalco, Angela Corcelli, Kim Y. Green, Nihal Altan-Bonnet
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2018)
Article
Virology
Alexander Borodavka, Ulrich Desselberger, John T. Patton
CURRENT OPINION IN VIROLOGY
(2018)
Article
Virology
Kristen M. Ogden, Yi Tan, Asmik Akopov, Laura S. Stewart, Rendie McHenry, Christopher J. Fonnesbeck, Bhinnata Piya, Maximilian H. Carter, Nadia B. Fedorova, Rebecca A. Halpin, Meghan H. Shilts, Kathryn M. Edwards, Daniel C. Payne, Mathew D. Esona, Slavica Mijatovic-Rustempasic, James D. Chappell, John T. Patton, Natasha B. Halasa, Suman R. Das
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2019)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexandra L. Chang-Graham, Jacob L. Perry, Alicia C. Strtak, Nina K. Ramachandran, Jeanette M. Criglar, Asha A. Philip, John T. Patton, Mary K. Estes, Joseph M. Hyser
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2019)
Article
Virology
Julia R. Diller, Helen M. Parrington, John T. Patton, Kristen M. Ogden
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2019)
Article
Virology
Asha A. Philip, Jacob L. Perry, Heather E. Eaton, Maya Shmulevitz, Joseph M. Hyser, John T. Patton
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2019)
Article
Immunology
Asha Ann Philip, John Thomas Patton
Summary: Researchers attempted to establish a combined rotavirus-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, demonstrating the potential usefulness of rotavirus vaccines as expression vectors for immunogenic portions of the SARS-CoV-2 S protein, with smaller portions than the S1 fragment showing significant expression levels.
Editorial Material
Virology
Takeshi Kobayashi, John T. Patton, Ulrich Desselberger
Article
Virology
Patricio Doldan, Jin Dai, Camila Metz-Zumaran, John T. Patton, Megan L. Stanifer, Steeve Boulant
Summary: Rotavirus is a common cause of gastroenteritis worldwide, especially in developing countries where it can lead to over 200,000 deaths in infants and children. Research indicates that while rotavirus can block the induction of type I interferons, it is unable to block the production of type III interferons, which play a key role in limiting rotavirus infection.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Asha A. Philip, John T. Patton
Summary: Rotavirus and norovirus are the top causes of acute viral gastroenteritis in infants and young children. While rotavirus vaccines have effectively controlled the incidence of rotavirus gastroenteritis, there is still a need for effective norovirus vaccines. By exploring the use of rotavirus as an expression vector for norovirus capsid protein VP1, the possibility of developing combined rotavirus-norovirus vaccines has been raised.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Jin Dai, Guanghui Yi, Asha A. Philip, John T. Patton
Summary: The interferon (IFN)-inducible 2 ',5 '-oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS)-RNase L pathway plays a critical role in antiviral immunity. This study discovered a novel strategy of inhibiting the OAS-RNase L pathway by the simian SA11 strain of rotavirus through its NSP1 protein.
Article
Virology
Charlotte Nyblade, Peng Zhou, Maggie Frazier, Annie Frazier, Casey Hensley, Ariana Fantasia-Davis, Shabihah Shahrudin, Miranda Hoffer, Chantal Ama Agbemabiese, Lauren Larue, Mario Barro, John T. Patton, Viviana Parreno, Lijuan Yuan
Summary: This study using a Gn pig model found that HRV can replicate in salivary tissues and spread in saliva, while also inducing immune responses in both intestinal and facial lymphoid tissues.
Article
Microbiology
Jin Dai, Chantal A. Agbemabiese, Ashley N. Griffin, John T. Patton
Summary: This study investigates the role of VP3 and NSP1 proteins in the degradation of MAVS and IRF3 in rotavirus-infected cells. The results demonstrate that VP3 is responsible for the depletion of MAVS and contributes to the suppression of IFN production, supporting the activity of NSP1 as the major interferon antagonist of the virus.
Article
Microbiology
Asha A. Philip, Chantal A. Agbemabiese, Guanghui Yi, John T. Patton
Summary: Researchers recovered recombinant RIX4414-like viruses similar to the RV1 vaccine by constructing T7 expression plasmids and using reverse genetics. This study could potentially improve the efficacy of the RV1 vaccine.
MICROBIOLOGY RESOURCE ANNOUNCEMENTS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Asha A. Philip, Brittany E. Herrin, Maximiliano L. Garcia, Andrew T. Abad, Sarah P. Katen, John T. Patton
MICROBIOLOGY RESOURCE ANNOUNCEMENTS
(2019)