Article
Virology
Aro Kim, Gyeongmin Lee, Ji-Hyeon Hwang, Jong-Hyeon Park, Min Ja Lee, Byounghan Kim, Su-Mi Kim
Summary: The development of a novel antiviral and immunostimulant, Bac-Con3N IFN-alpha, in combination with inactivated FMD vaccines, shows promise in providing early protection against FMDV in pigs and boosting neutralizing antibody levels.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Zhidong Zhang, Ryan Waters, Yanmin Li
Summary: Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) infection causes epithelial cell lesions and muscle-associated lesions in cloven-hoofed animals, leading to high mortality. Current knowledge about the non-epithelial tropism of FMDV remains limited.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Jonathan Arzt, Ian H. Fish, Miranda R. Bertram, George R. Smoliga, Ethan J. Hartwig, Steven J. Pauszek, Lauren Holinka-Patterson, Fayna C. Diaz-San Segundo, Tatjana Sitt, Elizabeth Rieder, Carolina Stenfeldt
Summary: Research showed that cattle can be simultaneously infected with two different serotypes of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), with different outcomes depending on the timing of exposure to the viruses. Dominant interserotypic recombinant FMDVs were discovered in upper respiratory tract samples of superinfected animals, indicating the potential role of persistently infected FMDV carriers in generating novel viral strains.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Carolina Stenfeldt, Miranda R. Bertram, Haillie C. Meek, Ethan J. Hartwig, George R. Smoliga, Megan C. Niederwerder, Diego G. Diel, Scott A. Dee, Jonathan Arzt
Summary: The study investigated the infectivity of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) in commercial pig feed and feed ingredients, determining the minimum infectious dose required for pigs to develop the disease. The results indicated that FMDV can remain infectious in pig feed ingredients for durations compatible with transoceanic transport, with variations in feeding conditions and virus strains affecting the probability of infection. This information can be used to model the risk of FMDV incursions and regulate feed importation to minimize the risk of unintentional importation.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Virology
Chao Sui, Dandan Jiang, Xiangju Wu, Sidang Liu, Feng Li, Li Pan, Xiaoyan Cong, Juntong Li, Dongwan Yoo, Daniel L. Rock, Laura C. Miller, Changhee Lee, Yijun Du, Jing Qi
Summary: The leader protease (Lpro) of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) promotes viral replication by antagonizing the OAS/RNase L pathway and interfering with the host's innate immune response. This virus-host interaction is species-specific, only detected in swine cells, not in human, monkey, or canine cells. Additionally, Lpro inhibits apoptosis to promote cell survival.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Ping Wu, Yelitza Y. Rodriguez, Benjamin J. Hershey, Yadata Tadassa, Kimberly A. Dodd, Wei Jia
Summary: The study investigated the impact of BEI concentration, treatment temperature, and time on the inactivation procedures of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV), Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (VSV), and Swine Vesicular Disease Virus (SVDV). Results confirmed that using two doses of 1.5 mM BEI treatment at 37 degrees C for a total of 30 hours can ensure complete inactivation of the three viruses.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Xujiao Ren, Mengge Yin, Qiongqiong Zhao, Zixuan Zheng, Haoyuan Wang, Zengjun Lu, Xiangmin Li, Ping Qian
Summary: This study demonstrates for the first time that FMDV infection can induce pyroptosis through GSDME-mediated cell death. This finding provides new insights into the pathogenesis of FMDV and the design of antiviral drugs.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Dong-Wan Kim, Giyoun Cho, Hyejin Kim, Gyeongmin Lee, Tae-Gwan Lim, Ho-Young Kwak, Jong-Hyeon Park, Sung-Han Park
Summary: The Korean government enforced a mandatory vaccination policy in response to a severe outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) from November 2010 to April 2011. A bivalent vaccine containing FMD type O and A has been recently introduced. Both intradermal (ID) and intramuscular (IM) routes of administration were studied to evaluate the side effects and immune efficacy of the O + A bivalent vaccine. The ID route was found to be an effective alternative with equal immune efficacy and no side effects compared to the IM route.
Article
Microbiology
Wei Liu, Junjun Shao, Guanglei Zhang, Yanyan Chang, Sudan Ge, Yue Sun, Zhan Gao, Huiyun Chang
Summary: A multi-epitope-based indirect chemiluminescence immunoassay (ME-CLIA) was developed to specifically detect antibodies against FMDV serotype O in swine sera, showing high diagnostic sensitivity and excellent diagnostic specificity, suitable for evaluating multiple-epitope recombinant vaccine as a matching detection method.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Tatsuya Nishi, Katsuhiko Fukai, Kentaro Masujin, Rie Kawaguchi, Mitsutaka Ikezawa, Manabu Yamada, Nozomi Nakajima, Takashi Komeno, Yousuke Furuta, Hiromi Sugihara, Chie Kurosaki, Kenichi Sakamoto, Kazuki Morioka
Summary: This study found that the pyrazinecarboxamide derivative T-1105 has strong antiviral activity against foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) and can effectively control the spread of FMDV in pigs.
ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Kay Childs, Yongjie Harvey, Ryan Waters, Timothy Woma, Ginette Wilsden, Hualu Sun, Peng Sun, Julian Seago
Summary: Foot-and-mouth disease is a highly contagious viral disease of livestock that has a severe economic impact on the agriculture industry in many regions. Current vaccines are not effective against the contemporary strains of the disease, particularly in East Africa. Researchers have identified stable strains of the virus and developed a quadrivalent vaccine that generates high neutralizing antibody titers and provides good cross-protection against regional strains.
Article
Immunology
Ben Jackson, Yongjie Harvey, Eva Perez-Martin, Ginette Wilsden, Nicholas Juleff, Bryan Charleston, Julian Seago
Summary: Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a global burden on the livestock industry, with vaccination being the most effective control strategy in endemic regions. However, challenges such as the instability of FMDV and the emergence of new strains exist in the development of efficient vaccines. Currently, vaccines in East Africa are comprised of relatively historic strains with unknown stabilities.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Simon Gubbins, David J. Paton, Aldo Dekker, Anna B. Ludi, Ginette Wilsden, Clare F. J. Browning, Michael Eschbaumer, Jamie Barnabei, Hernando Duque, Lisa L. Pauszek, Donald P. King
Summary: Serology plays an important role in predicting the immune protection of vaccinated individuals and populations against infectious diseases. Studies on foot-and-mouth disease show that neutralising antibody titres correlate with protection, but there is significant variability in cross-strain protection. Further research is needed to understand the factors contributing to this variability and establish more reliable antibody thresholds.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Paul A. A. Azzinaro, Gisselle N. N. Medina, Devendra Rai, Elizabeth Ramirez-Medina, Edward Spinard, Monica Rodriguez-Calzada, James Zhu, Elizabeth Rieder, Teresa de los Santos, Fayna Diaz-San Segundo
Summary: Mutations in the conserved residue H138 of the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) leader proteinase (L-pro) can result in attenuated variants with reduced virulence. These mutants exhibit reduced replication ability in porcine cells, delayed processing of translation initiation factor, and higher induction of interferon and interferon-stimulated genes. Inoculation with these mutants in pigs results in mild or no clinical disease, but strong serological adaptive immune response.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Heng-Wei Lee, Cheng-Yao Yang, Ming-Chang Lee, Shih-Ping Chen, Hui-Wen Chang, Ivan-Chen Cheng
Summary: The study evaluated the performance of different monoclonal antibodies as tracers and established two blocking ELISA systems based on VLPs and P1. The results showed that VLPs paired with S11B and P1 paired with Q10E demonstrated the highest correlation with SN titers.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Abhay Kotecha, Fuquan Zhang, Nicholas Juleff, Terry Jackson, Eva Perez, Dave Stuart, Elizabeth Fry, Bryan Charleston, Julian Seago
JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY
(2016)
Article
Immunology
Elizabeth Reid, Nicholas Juleff, Miriam Windsor, Simon Gubbins, Lisa Roberts, Sophie Morgan, Gregor Meyers, Eva Perez-Martin, Elma Tchilian, Bryan Charleston, Julian Seago
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2016)
Article
Virology
Francois Maree, Lin-Mari de Klerk-Lorist, Simon Gubbins, Fuquan Zhang, Julian Seago, Eva Perez-Martin, Liz Reid, Katherine Scott, Louis van Schalkwyk, Roy Bengis, Bryan Charleston, Nicholas Juleff
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2016)
Article
Virology
Fayna Diaz-San Segundo, Nestor A. Montiel, Diego F. Sturza, Eva Perez-Martin, Danielle Hickman, Elizabeth Ramirez-Medina, Marvin J. Grubman, Teresa de los Santosa
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Fuquan Zhang, Eva Perez-Martin, Nick Juleff, Bryan Charleston, Julian Seago
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS
(2017)
Article
Immunology
Michiel M. Harmsen, Julian Seago, Eva Perez, Bryan Charleston, Phaedra L. Eble, Aldo Dekker
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2017)
Article
Virology
Luca Ferretti, Antonello Di Nardo, Benjamin Singer, Lidia Lasecka-Dykes, Grace Logan, Caroline F. Wright, Eva Perez-Martin, Donald P. King, Tobias J. Tuthill, Paolo Ribeca
Article
Immunology
Caroline K. Glidden, Brianna Beechler, Peter Erik Buss, Bryan Charleston, Lin-Mari de Klerk-Lorist, Francois Frederick Maree, Timothy Muller, Eva Perez-Martin, Katherine Anne Scott, Ockert Louis van Schalkwyk, Anna Jolles
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Virology
Marti Cortey, Luca Ferretti, Eva Perez-Martin, Fuquan Zhang, Lin-Mari de Klerk-Lorist, Katherine Scott, Graham Freimanis, Julian Seago, Paolo Ribeca, Louis van Schalkwyk, Nicholas D. Juleff, Francois F. Maree, Bryan Charleston
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2019)
Article
Microbiology
Luca Ferretti, Eva Perez-Martin, Fuquan Zhang, Francois Maree, Lin-Mari de Klerk-Lorist, Louis van Schalkwykc, Nicholas D. Juleff, Bryan Charleston, Paolo Ribeca
Article
Immunology
Ben Jackson, Yongjie Harvey, Eva Perez-Martin, Ginette Wilsden, Nicholas Juleff, Bryan Charleston, Julian Seago
Summary: Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a global burden on the livestock industry, with vaccination being the most effective control strategy in endemic regions. However, challenges such as the instability of FMDV and the emergence of new strains exist in the development of efficient vaccines. Currently, vaccines in East Africa are comprised of relatively historic strains with unknown stabilities.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anna Jolles, Erin Gorsich, Simon Gubbins, Brianna Beechler, Peter Buss, Nick Juleff, Lin-Mari de Klerk-Lorist, Francois Maree, Eva Perez-Martin, O. L. van Schalkwyk, Katherine Scott, Fuquan Zhang, Jan Medlock, Bryan Charleston
Summary: Understanding the mechanisms enabling persistence of highly contagious pathogens in host populations is crucial, with occasional transmission from persistently infected carriers playing a key role in preventing fade-out of the most infectious viral strains. Additional mechanisms such as antigenic shift, loss of immunity, or spillover among host populations may be required for less transmissible strains to persist.
Article
Microbiology
Lucy Gordon, Neil Mabbott, Joanna Wells, Liudmila Kulik, Nick Juleff, Bryan Charleston, Eva Perez-Martin
Summary: Previous studies have shown that after acute infection, foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) proteins and genome can be found in the light zone of germinal centers, and this pattern is consistent with the binding of the virus to follicular dendritic cells (FDCs). This study confirmed a similar pattern of FMDV protein staining and colocalization with FDCs in mouse spleens. Blocking the binding of FMDV to complement receptor type 2 and 1 (CR2/CR1) reduced the detection of viral proteins and genomic RNA in spleen samples, as well as the neutralizing antibody titers.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Eva Perez-Martin, Brianna Beechler, Fuquan Zhang, Katherine Scott, Lin-Mari De Klerk-Lorist, Georgina Limon, Brian Dugovich, Simon Gubbins, Arista Botha, Robyn Hetem, Louis van Schalkwyk, Nicholas Juleff, Francois F. Maree, Anna Jolles, Bryan Charleston
Summary: This study revealed for the first time that African buffalo are systemically affected by foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus and the clinical characteristics of FMD in buffalo include transient pyrexia. Despite the lack of lesions, African buffalo infection is characterized by high viral loads in blood and oropharynx, rapid and strong host innate and adaptive immune responses, and high transmissibility.
VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Jumari Steyn, Pebetsi Motlou, Charmaine van Eeden, Marthi Pretorius, Voula Stivaktas, June Williams, Louwtjie P. Snyman, Peter E. Buss, Brianna Beechler, Anna Jolles, Eva Perez-Martin, Jan G. Myburgh, Johan Steyl, Marietjie Venter
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2020)