Article
Immunology
Eun-Ha Kim, Young-ll Kim, Se Mi Kim, Kwang-Min Yu, Mark Anthony B. Casel, Seung-Gyu Jang, Philippe Noriel Q. Pascua, Richard J. Webby, Young Ki Choi
Summary: This study highlights the ability of wild migratory birds to carry various low-pathogenic avian influenza viruses that can infect land-based poultry and mammalian hosts while causing minimal signs of clinical disease. These viruses pose a significant threat to human health, emphasizing the need for continued surveillance.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Yanna Guo, Pingyun Ding, Yinjing Li, Yaping Zhang, Yiqing Zheng, Mengqi Yu, Yasuo Suzuki, Haitao Zhang, Jihui Ping
Summary: This study systematically investigated three strains of H10N3 avian influenza virus isolated from live poultry markets and found that these viruses were highly pathogenic to mice, replicated efficiently in mouse nasal turbinate and lungs as well as in A549 cells and chicken embryos, and possessed key molecular markers associated with mammalian adaptation.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Biology
Kaituo Liu, Pingyun Ding, Yuru Pei, Ruyi Gao, Wenwen Han, Huafen Zheng, Zhuxing Ji, Miao Cai, Jinyuan Gu, Xiuli Li, Min Gu, Jiao Hu, Xiaowen Liu, Shunlin Hu, Pinghu Zhang, Xiaobo Wang, Xiaoquan Wang, Xiufan Liu
Summary: Decades after the discovery of the H10-subtype avian influenza virus in 1949, a new novel reassortant H10N3 virus has been isolated in chickens, showing low pathogenicity in chickens but high pathogenicity in mice and guinea pigs. These viruses can be transmitted between animals via direct contact and respiratory droplets, and have the ability to bind to both human-type and avian-type receptors, posing a potential threat to human and public health.
SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Meng-Yi Dong, Zhong-Wei Guo, Yong-Xin Li, Jia-Dai Lv, Xue-Lian Xiang, Min Cui, Xin-Feng Han, San-Jie Cao, Yong Huang, Jing Xia
Summary: A highly recombinant strain of duck-derived H6N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) was found to cause high morbidity and respiratory tract hemorrhage in chickens under experimental conditions. The virus could effectively replicate and shed in chickens, with high viral load detected in target organs. Ducks, on the other hand, showed no symptoms or pathological lesions but had high viral load in the livers, indicating their potential role in viral transmission.
Article
Microbiology
Irina Alymova, John F. Cipollo, Lisa M. Parsons, Nedzad Music, Ram P. Kamal, Wen-Pin Tzeng, Cynthia S. Goldsmith, Joseph N. Contessa, Kevan L. Hartshorn, Jason R. Wilson, Hui Zeng, Shane Gansebom, Ian A. York
Summary: Individuals with metabolic dysregulation of cellular glycosylation often experience severe influenza disease, with reduced immune response and vaccine efficacy. Our study reveals that imbalanced glycosylation can modify the viral glycome without genomic changes, leading to reduced host immune responses and vaccine efficacy.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pengtao Bao, Yang Liu, Xiaoai Zhang, Hang Fan, Jie Zhao, Mi Mu, Haiyang Li, Yanhe Wang, Honghan Ge, Shuang Li, Xin Yang, Qianqian Cui, Rui Chen, Liang Gao, Zhihua Sun, Lizhen Gao, Shuang Qiu, Xuchun Liu, Peter W. Horby, Xiubin Li, Liqun Fang, Wei Liu
Summary: This is a study on a four-year-old boy infected with a reassortant avian influenza A H3N8 virus. The virus was found to have increased virulence and transmissibility, and was detected in pets and environmental samples from the patient's house.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Zhimin Wan, Jianxi Gong, Jianjun Sang, Wenjie Jiang, Zhehong Zhao, Mingjun Lian, Ting Tang, Yafeng Li, Qiuqi Kan, Quan Xie, Tuofan Li, Hongxia Shao, Wei Gao, Aijian Qin, Jianqiang Ye
Summary: In this study, two mouse-adapted H6 avian influenza virus strains were generated and shown to replicate more efficiently and exhibit higher virulence in mice compared to the wild type strains. Genome sequencing revealed several amino acid mutations in the adapted strains, and receptor binding assays and polymerase activity analysis demonstrated increased binding activity and polymerase activity, respectively, in the adapted strains compared to the wild type strains. These findings suggest that H6 avian influenza viruses can acquire amino acid substitutions to adapt to mammals and increase their virulence.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Wangjun Tang, Xuyong Li, Ling Tang, Tianhou Wang, Guimei He
Summary: A new strain of H7N7 avian influenza virus (AIV), CM1216, isolated from wild birds in Shanghai, China, was characterized in this study. Phylogenetic analysis revealed its relation to Japan and Korea AIV strains, while mutation analysis showed changes related to mammalian adaption and virulence. Infection studies demonstrated CM1216's ability to infect mice without prior adaption. This study highlights the importance of routine surveillance of AIVs in wild birds to prevent evolution into highly pathogenic viruses with potential to infect humans.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ellen M. de Vries, Noel O. Cogan, Aneta J. Gubala, Peter T. Mee, Kim J. O'Riley, Brendan C. Rodoni, Stacey E. Lynch
Summary: The outbreaks of avian influenza virus (AIV) from wild waterfowl to poultry industry are a continuous threat, and accurate surveillance of AIV in wild waterfowl is crucial. The current surveillance methods have limitations in terms of processing time and testing locations. This study utilized nanopore sequencing technology to perform in-field sequencing and subtype characterization of AIV strains, providing a reliable diagnostic solution.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Natalie Moyen, Md. Ahasanul Hoque, Rashed Mahmud, Mahmudul Hasan, Sudipta Sarkar, Paritosh Kumar Biswas, Hossain Mehedi, Joerg Henning, Punam Mangtani, Meerjady Sabrina Flora, Mahmudur Rahman, Nitish C. Debnath, Mohammad Giasuddin, Tony Barnett, Dirk U. Pfeiffer, Guillaume Fournie
Summary: Live animal markets are known hotspots for zoonotic disease emergence, and trading networks play a crucial role in disease spread dynamics. In Bangladesh, live poultry trading networks promote viral strain co-circulation, with upstream transmission nodes significantly impacting viral prevalence in markets. Disease control interventions should target network structures, tailored to local characteristics for effectiveness.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Mingeun Sagong, Yu-Na Lee, San Song, Ra Mi Cha, Eun-Kyoung Lee, Yong-Myung Kang, Hyun-Kyu Cho, Hyun-Mi Kang, Youn-Jeong Lee, Kwang-Nyeong Lee
Summary: Recent studies indicate that a novel H5N1 virus has been isolated from a captured mandarin duck in South Korea and a quail farm. These viruses are related to the clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 viruses currently circulating in Europe, providing important insights for future control efforts.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Irene Saavedra, Julio Rabadan-Gonzalez, David Aragones, Jordi Figuerola
Summary: Global change is driving the increase in emerging infectious diseases. The interest in nature has led to the development of citizen science platforms for recording wildlife observations. This study examined the utility of bird observations on the platform Observation.org for early detection of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) outbreaks. The results suggest that the increase in sick and dead bird records on the platform coincides with officially reported HPAIV outbreaks.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Xinru Lv, Jingman Tian, Xiang Li, Xiaoli Bai, Yi Li, Minghui Li, Qing An, Xingdong Song, Yu Xu, Heting Sun, Peng Peng, Siyuan Qin, Zhenliang Zhao, Rongxiu Qin, Qiuzi Xu, Fengyi Qu, Meixi Wang, Hua Luo, Zhen Zhang, Xiangwei Zeng, Yajun Wang, Zhijun Hou, Xiaoyu Zhou, Yulong Wang, Yanbing Li, Hongliang Chai
Summary: In this study, we analyzed the transmission pattern of H10 avian influenza viruses from wild birds to poultry to humans. We identified eight genotypes of H10Nx viruses and found that they replicated efficiently in the respiratory system of mice with low pathogenicity. These wild-bird-origin H10Nx viruses showed asymptomatic shedding in chickens and good adaptation in mice, increasing the risk of transmission to humans and posing a threat to public health.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Lingchen Kong, Renrong You, Dianchen Zhang, Qingli Yuan, Bin Xiang, Jianpeng Liang, Qiuyan Lin, Chan Ding, Ming Liao, Libin Chen, Tao Ren
Summary: This study reveals that infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) and H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) are frequently co-infected in chickens with respiratory disease. The results suggest that IBV plays a major role in the development of respiratory disease in chickens, and secondary infection with H9N2 virus enhances the pathogenicity by inducing a severe inflammatory response.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Yanan Yu, Meihua Wu, Xinxin Cui, Fengxiang Xu, Feng Wen, Liangqi Pan, Shuo Li, Huapeng Sun, Xuhui Zhu, Jiate Lin, Yaling Feng, Mingliang Li, Yang Liu, Shaohua Yuan, Ming Liao, Hailiang Sun
Summary: The study revealed that H3N2 swine influenza viruses circulating in pigs in Guangdong province carried six internal genes from the 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus, with antigenicity different from current human H3N2 influenza viruses or recommended vaccine strains. These swH3N2 viruses have zoonotic potential and further surveillance and monitoring of their pathogenicity are urgently needed.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Mana Esaki, Gakushi Ito, Kaori Tokorozaki, Tsutomu Matsui, Tatsunori Masatani, Kenichi Amano, Makoto Ozawa
Summary: Crane-associated adenovirus 1 (CrAdV-1) is a novel virus detected in hooded cranes in Japan and mainly spreads among cranes during the overwintering period. This virus primarily targets the brain, trachea, lung, and heart and is transmitted through the fecal-oral and airborne routes.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Ahmed Magdy Khalil, Isshu Kojima, Wataru Fukunaga, Misuzu Okajima, Sumire Mitarai, Yoshikazu Fujimoto, Tsutomu Matsui, Masakazu Kuwahara, Tatsunori Masatani, Kosuke Okuya, Makoto Ozawa
Summary: By improving the method for isolating avian influenza viruses (AIVs) from environmental water samples, we were able to significantly increase the recovery efficiency and isolate a larger number of AIVs from water samples collected at a wintering site. Genetic analysis showed that multiple genetic constellations of the same AIV subtypes were circulating in a single winter season.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yuji Fujii, Tatsunori Masatani, Shoko Nishiyama, Misuzu Okajima, Fumiki Izumi, Katsunori Okazaki, Yoshihiro Sakoda, Ayato Takada, Makoto Ozawa, Makoto Sugiyama, Naoto Ito
Summary: A recent study revealed that migratory birds may be responsible for the global spread of avian rotavirus A (RVA), yet little is known about the types of RVAs they carry. In this study, a genetic analysis of an RVA strain from a gull species showed that all 11 genes were classified as new genotypes, indicating a greater genetic diversity of avian RVAs. This emphasizes the importance of investigating RVA strains in migratory birds, including gulls.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Sumire Mitarai, Kosuke Okuya, Kazuhiro Miyane, Machiko Miyamoto, Shingo Ishikawa, Hiroaki Kawaguchi, Itaru Hatazoe, Yasuo Suda, Eriko Arima, Hiroshi Nakazato, Seiji Hobo, Tatsunori Masatani, Makoto Ozawa
Summary: A study conducted genetic sequencing on Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) strains detected in Kagoshima prefecture and isolated in Hokkaido between 2017 and 2019, and compared them to a BRSV vaccine strain. The Japanese BRSV strains were found to be genetically similar to each other but different from the vaccine strain. Specific amino acid differences were identified in the glycoprotein (G protein) of the recent Japanese BRSV strains, suggesting potential antigenic differences from the vaccine strains.
ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Nonoka Matsunaga, Moe Ijiri, Kemi Ishikawa, Makoto Ozawa, Kosuke Okuya, Ahmed Magdy Khalil, Isshu Kojima, Mana Esaki, Tatsunori Masatani, Tsutomu Matsui, Yoshikazu Fujimoto
Summary: This study conducted the first epidemiological survey of APMV-1 in Japan, and found that environmental water samples could be an effective method for detecting the virus in wild birds. The results also showed the continuous presence of APMV-1 strains with potential pathogenicity to chickens, circulating among waterfowl in Far East Asian countries.
MICROBIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Joakim Overbo, Asma Aziz, K. Zaman, John Clemens, Cathinka Halle Julin, Firdausi Qadri, Kathrine Stene-Johansen, Rajib Biswas, Shaumik Islam, Taufiqur Rahman Bhuiyan, Warda Haque, Synne Sandbu, Manzoor E. Elahee, Mohammad Ali, Jennifer L. Dembinski, Susanne Dudman
Summary: A study investigated the immune response and safety of a two-dose regimen with the HEV 239 vaccine among healthy adults. The results showed that the vaccine produced broad and likely functional immune responses against HEV that remained for at least two years. The safety profile was acceptable, and a phase four study in rural Bangladesh is feasible.
Review
Virology
Asma Binte Aziz, Joakim Overbo, Susanne Dudman, Cathinka Halle Julin, Yoon Jeong Gabby Kwon, Yasmin Jahan, Mohammad Ali, Jennifer L. Dembinski
Summary: This review summarizes the latest knowledge on HEV infection, including its epidemiology, clinical characteristics, testing, and treatment. The distinct challenges and possible remedies for HEV in Bangladesh are also highlighted. HEV remains a neglected virus, with costly tests and a lack of suitable treatments hindering detection. Improved surveillance, raised awareness, and the effectiveness trial in Bangladesh may significantly reduce the global burden of HEV.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Christiana Kartsonaki, J. Kenneth Baillie, Noelia Garcia Barrio, Joaquin Baruch, Abigail Beane, Lucille Blumberg, Fernando Bozza, Tessa Broadley, Aidan Burrell, Gail Carson, Barbara Wanjiru Citarella, Andrew Dagens, Emmanuelle A. Dankwa, Christl A. Donnelly, Jake Dunning, Loubna Elotmani, Martina Escher, Nataly Farshait, Jean-Christophe Goffard, Bronner P. Goncalves, Matthew Hall, Madiha Hashmi, Benedict Sim Lim Heng, Antonia Ho, Waasila Jassat, Miguel Pedrera Jimenez, Cedric Laouenan, Samantha Lissauer, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, France Mentre, Laura Merson, Ben Morton, Daniel Munblit, Nikita A. Nekliudov, Alistair D. Nichol, Budha Charan Singh Oinam, David Ong, Prasan Kumar Panda, Michele Petrovic, Mark G. Pritchard, Nagarajan Ramakrishnan, Grazielle Viana Ramos, Claire Roger, Oana Sandulescu, Malcolm G. Semple, Pratima Sharma, Louise Sigfrid, Emily C. Somers, Anca Streinu-Cercel, Fabio Taccone, Pavan Kumar Vecham, Bharath Kumar Tirupakuzhi Vijayaraghavan, Jia Wei, Evert-Jan Wils, Xin Ci Wong, Peter Horby, Amanda Rojek, Piero L. Olliaro, Ali Abbas
Summary: This study analyzed demographic features, treatments, and clinical outcomes of hospitalized COVID-19 patients in 52 countries from January 2020 to January 2022. Age and male sex were associated with a higher risk of death. Symptoms, co-morbidities, and treatments were associated with clinical outcomes. This comprehensive international study provides valuable information for prioritizing treatment for COVID-19 patients at higher risk of death.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Kosuke Okuya, Ahmed Magdy Khalil, Mana Esaki, Natsuko Nishi, Donna Koyamada, Rara Saito, Kaori Tokorozaki, Taichi Hasegawa, Makoto Ozawa
Summary: During the 2020/21 winter season in Kagoshima prefecture, Japan, both H5N8 high pathogenicity avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) and low pathogenicity avian influenza viruses (LPAIVs) of various subtypes were isolated from environmental water and wild birds. The H5 HPAIVs belonged to two different clusters, and the H5N8 HPAIVs could be classified into six genotypes. The study emphasizes the importance of monitoring both HPAIV and LPAIV to better understand avian influenza ecology in migratory waterfowl populations.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Sara Debes, Jon Birger Haug, Birgitte Freiesleben De Blasio, Jonas Christoffer Lindstrom, Christine Monceyron Jonassen, Susanne Gjeruldsen Dudman
Summary: The development of antibiotic resistance, fueled by inappropriate antibiotic usage, poses a threat to global health. Despite the fact that a majority of respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are caused by viruses, antibiotics are often prescribed empirically to treat such infections. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of antibiotic treatment and investigate factors influencing antibiotic decision-making in hospitalized adults with viral RTIs. The findings revealed a role for antimicrobial stewardship to improve antibiotic use in patients admitted for viral RTIs, even in a country with relatively low antibiotic consumption rates.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Marina Wainstein, Nicholas Spyrison, Danyang Dai, Moji Ghadimi, Jonathan S. Chavez-Iniguez, Lilia Rizo-Topete, Barbara Wanjiru Citarella, Laura Merson, Jason D. Pole, Rolando Claure-Del Granado, David W. Johnson, S. Shrapnel
Summary: There is a lack of research on the relationship between COVID-19 and acute kidney injury (AKI) in low- and low-middle income countries. This study found that AKI incidence was highest in LLMIC, with lower rates of dialysis and poorer patient outcomes.
KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sarah Louise Murphy, Bente Halvorsen, Jan Cato Holter, Camilla Huse, Anders Tveita, Marius Troseid, Hedda Hoel, Anders Benjamin Kildal, Aleksander Rygh Holten, Tori Vigeland Lerum, Ole Henning Skjonsberg, Annika E. Michelsen, Trond M. Aalokken, Kristian Tonby, Andreas Lind, Susanne Dudman, Beathe Kiland Granerud, Lars Heggelund, Simen Boe, Anne Ma Dyrholt-Riise, Pal Aukrust, Andreas Barratt-Due, Thor Ueland, Tuva Borresdatter Dahl
Summary: This study investigates the role of ECM remodeling and excessive fibrogenesis in severe COVID-19. The findings demonstrate that certain ECM mediators such as OPN, S100A12, and YKL-40 are closely associated with disease severity and mortality. High levels of ECM mediators during hospitalization are related to thorax pathology after 3 months. In vitro experiments also show the release of certain markers (such as growth differentiation factor 15, galectin 3, and matrix metalloproteinase 9) from macrophages and lung cell lines after exposure to inactivated SARS-CoV-2, indicating a direct link between these mediators and the causal agent of COVID-19.
JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Sanjaya K. Shrestha, Jasmin Shrestha, Tor A. Strand, Sanela Numanovic, Ashild K. Andreassen, Jennifer L. Dembinski, Rose Vikse, Susanne Dudman
Summary: Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) has a significant impact on morbidity and mortality globally. The viral cause of diarrhoeal diseases often remains unknown due to limited diagnostic resources. Non-polio enteroviruses (NPEVs) are frequently detected in stool samples from AGE cases but their role in AGE is uncertain. This study investigated the presence and diversity of NPEVs in diarrhoeal stool samples from a birth cohort in Nepal, and found that NPEVs were most commonly detected in infants up to one year old.
MICROBIOLOGY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Luis Felipe Reyes, Srinivas Murthy, Esteban Garcia-Gallo, Laura Merson, Elsa D. Ibanez-Prada, Jordi Rello, Yuli Fuentes, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Fernando Bozza, Sara Duque, Fabio S. Taccone, Robert A. Fowler, Christiana Kartsonaki, Bronner P. Goncalves, Barbara Wanjiru Citarella, Diptesh Aryal, Erlina Burhan, Matthew J. Cummings, Christelle Delmas, Rodrigo Diaz, Claudia Figueiredo-Mello, Madiha Hashmi, Prasan Kumar Panda, Miguel Pedrera Jimenez, Diego Fernando Bautista Rincon, David Thomson, Alistair Nichol, John C. Marshall, Piero L. Olliaro
Summary: This study described the clinical characteristics, outcomes, and risk factors for failing non-invasive respiratory support in patients treated with severe COVID-19 in high-income countries (HICs) and low middle-income countries (LMICs) during the first two years of the pandemic. The most frequently used advanced respiratory support was high-flow nasal cannulas (HFNC), although invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) was more commonly used in LMICs. High leukocyte counts, tachypnoea, and treatment in LMICs were identified as risk factors for HFNC/NIV failure. HFNC/NIV failure was associated with worse clinical outcomes, such as 28-day mortality.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Per Kristian Knudsen, Andreas Lind, Ingvild Klundby, Susanne Dudman
Summary: During the Covid-19 pandemic, there was a significant decline in the incidence of pediatric infectious diseases, especially those caused by viral agents. Common respiratory viruses were nearly absent during this period.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY PLUS
(2022)