Article
Immunology
Shivam K. Purohit, Alexandra J. Corbett, Barry Slobedman, Allison Abendroth
Summary: This study demonstrates that mucosal associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are susceptible to varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection and exhibit changes in the expression of functional markers. Infected MAIT cells are capable of transferring infectious virus to other permissive cells and retain the ability to migrate and activate in skin sites.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Yuena Sun, Lei Zhang, Ling Hong, Weiwei Zheng, Junxia Cui, Xuezhu Liu, Tianjun Xu
Summary: The study identified miR-181b-2 and miR-21-1 from Miichthys miiuy as negative regulators in host immune response, targeting TRIF to suppress inflammatory cytokines and type I IFN production, thus modulating antiviral and antibacterial immunity. These miRNAs act as negative feedback regulators in host immune response, shedding light on the resistance mechanism of lower vertebrates against pathogen invasion and excessive immunity.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Yankai Liu, Jun Xiao, Guoxia Qiao, Qun Wang, Xiao Yang, Xingjian Xu, Jun Li, Jie Zhang, Mingxian Chang, Hao Feng
Summary: In this study, the negative regulatory role of black carp DDX19 (bcDDX19) in the innate immune response was investigated. It was found that bcDDX19 restricts the entry of IRF3 into the nucleus, thereby negatively regulating the RLR/IRF3-mediated type I IFN signaling pathway.
Article
Immunology
Xiangjie Chen, Ying Xu, Wenhui Tu, Fan Huang, Yibo Zuo, Hong-Guang Zhang, Lincong Jin, Qian Feng, Tengfei Ren, Jiuyi He, Ying Miao, Yukang Yuan, Qian Zhao, Jiapeng Liu, Renxia Zhang, Li Zhu, Feng Qian, Chuanwu Zhu, Hui Zheng, Jun Wang
Summary: Midline-1 (MID1) is identified as a ubiquitin E3 ligase of IRF3, which downregulates IRF3 protein levels and restricts IFN-I production, thus limiting cellular antiviral response.
Article
Cell Biology
Juan Liu, Xiaopeng Wu, Hailong Wang, Jiayu Wei, Qian Wu, Xingbo Wang, Yan Yan, Jun Cui, Junxia Min, Fudi Wang, Jiyong Zhou
Summary: This study identified HFE as a key negative regulator of RLR-mediated type I IFNs signaling during RNA virus infection, revealing a novel role of selective autophagy in innate antiviral immune response regulated by the iron metabolism-related gene Hfe.
Article
Immunology
Luca Occhigrossi, Federica Rossin, Valeria Rachela Villella, Speranza Esposito, Carlo Abbate, Manuela D'Eletto, Maria Grazia Farrace, Antonella Tosco, Roberta Nardacci, Gian Maria Fimia, Valeria Raia, Mauro Piacentini
Summary: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a rare genetic disease caused by mutations in the CFTR gene, leading to chronic lung infections. This study reveals the link between recurrent infections in CF patients and impaired innate immune response. The use of STING pathway agonists can restore the immune response and potentially be utilized as a new treatment strategy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Elise Van Breedam, Tamariche Buyle-Huybrecht, Jonas Govaerts, Pieter Meysman, Andrea Bours, Marlies Boeren, Julia Di Stefano, Thalissa Caers, Hans De Reu, Laura Dirkx, Jolien Schippers, Esther Bartholomeus, Marielle Lebrun, Catherine Sadzot-Delvaux, Paulina Rybakowska, Marta E. Alarcon-Riquelme, Concepcion Maranon, Kris Laukens, Peter Delputte, Benson Ogunjimi, Peter Ponsaerts
Summary: Using hiPSC-derived neural cell models, the study investigated the interactions between VZV and neural cells. It was found that macrophages were unable to mount an antiviral immune response in VZV-infected hiPSC-neurons. Further analysis suggested the involvement of other cell types in orchestrating an efficient antiviral immune response.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Junli Li, Lili Fu, Xiaonan Guo, Yang Yang, Jiaxin Dong, Guozhi Wang, Aihua Zhao
Summary: BC02 is a novel compound adjuvant that enhances the immune response to varicella-zoster virus, and it also activates innate immune response.
Article
Immunology
Michelle M. Thomsen, Tobias Tyrberg, Kristoffer Skaalum, Madalina Carter-Timofte, Mette R. Freytag, Peter Norberg, Marie Helleberg, Merete Storgaard, Henrik Nielsen, Jacob Bodilsen, Anna Grahn, Trine H. Mogensen
Summary: This study identified potentially disease-causing variants associated with susceptibility to VZV encephalitis, suggesting disturbances in innate sensing and autophagy pathways may predispose individuals to VZV encephalitis.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Shivam K. Purohit, Carolyn Samer, Hamish E. G. McWilliam, Renee Traves, Megan Steain, Brian P. McSharry, Paul R. Kinchington, David C. Tscharke, Jose A. Villadangos, Jamie Rossjohn, Allison Abendroth, Barry Slobedman
Summary: This study demonstrates that varicella zoster virus suppresses the expression of antigen presentation molecule MR1, highlighting the intricate temporal relationship between infection and ligand availability. The study also suggests that VZV likely encodes multiple viral genes targeting MR1.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Tingting Yu, Qing Zeng, Huiling Mao, Yulong Liu, Hongying Zhang, Shanghong Wang, Chengyu Hu, Xiaowen Xu
Summary: In this study, a grass carp ortholog of mammalian NLK, named CiNLK2, was identified and found to be involved in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and immune response. CiNLK2 was widely expressed in various tissues and up-regulated under the treatment with poly I:C or GCRV. Overexpression of CiNLK2 suppressed IFN I production, while knockdown of CiNLK2 increased IFN I expression. CiNLK2 functioned as an inhibitor for IFN I response by targeting the MAVS-IRF3 signal axis.
FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Karolina Maciag, Raktima Raychowdhury, Karen Smith, Alexis M. Schneider, Jorn Coers, Maxwell R. Mumbach, Schraga Schwartz, Nir Hacohen
Summary: In the absence of IRF3, IFN-gamma-primed macrophages more efficiently restricted intracellular pathogens, regardless of traditional immune pathways, suggesting a potentially reversible regulatory mechanism.
JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Kuan Feng, Hui-Jiao Zhang, Yuan-Qin Min, Min Zhou, Fei Deng, Hua-Lin Wang, Pei-Qing Li, Yun-Jia Ning
Summary: COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, poses an unprecedented threat to human health. The progression of the disease is associated with impaired antiviral IFN responses. This study demonstrates that SARS-CoV-2 NSP13 protein antagonizes IFN response by targeting IRF3, independently of TBK1. The strong interaction between NSP13 and IRF3 suggests that IRF3 is a major target for NSP13 in immune evasion.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Joshua Bennett, Chiharu Ishikawa, Puneet Agarwal, Jennifer Yeung, Avery Sampson, Emma Uible, Eric Vick, Lyndsey C. Bolanos, Kathleen Hueneman, Mark Wunderlich, Amal Kolt, Kwangmin Choi, Andrew Volk, Kenneth D. Greis, Jan Rosenbaum, Scott B. Hoyt, Craig J. Thomas, Daniel T. Starczynowski
Summary: This study reveals the functional compensation and complementation of IRAK1 in leukemic cells upon inhibition of IRAK4. Cotargeting IRAK1 and IRAK4 is necessary to suppress leukemic stem/progenitor cell function and induce differentiation. IRAK1 and IRAK4 maintain the undifferentiated state of MDS/AML LSPCs through noncanonical MyD88-independent pathways.
Article
Virology
Jie Liu, Junyang Lin, Linjun Cai, Jie Sun, Xue Ding, Cenrong Wang, Yanchun Wu, Xiaoling Gao, Weiheng Su, Chunlai Jiang
Summary: This study developed HZ DNA vaccines and found that each vaccine induced specific antibody production. The IE63-2A-gE vaccine elicited immune responses comparable to the current HZ vaccine, making it a candidate for HZ vaccine development.
Review
Immunology
Changqing Yu, Guosheng Wang, Qiang Liu, Jingbo Zhai, Mengzhou Xue, Qiang Li, Yuanhua Xian, Chunfu Zheng
Summary: Viral envelope glycoproteins play a crucial role in viral infections. Host cells have developed counteracting mechanisms to suppress viral replication by targeting their envelope glycoproteins. Some host antiviral proteins have been found to inhibit furin cleavage of viral envelope glycoproteins, impairing viral infectivity. This review summarizes these host antiviral factors and their roles in reducing furin cleavage, providing insights for future antiviral studies.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2023)
Letter
Virology
Shuai Zhang, Jianguo Ju, Fang Yang, Chunfu Zheng, Jingbo Zhai
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Virology
Xinhua Cui, Yang Wang, Jingbo Zhai, Mengzhou Xue, Chunfu Zheng, Lu Yu
Summary: SARS-CoV-2, the virus causing a global public health crisis, particularly with the emergence of the Omicron variants, has garnered significant attention from the WHO. As of February 1st, 2023, there have been 671,016,135 confirmed cases and 6,835,595 deaths worldwide. Despite available vaccines and treatments, complete eradication of SARS-CoV-2 remains elusive. Additionally, animal-to-human transmission of the virus has been observed, suggesting the need for rational prevention and control strategies for COVID-19.
Editorial Material
Immunology
Jerry Zhang, Junji Xing
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Yan Zhan, Ling Ye, Qianying Ouyang, Jiye Yin, Jiajia Cui, Ke Liu, Chengxian Guo, Haibo Zhang, Jingbo Zhai, Chunfu Zheng, Aoxiang Guo, Bao Sun
Summary: This study identified the binding affinity between different HLA proteins and SARS-CoV-2 strains, as well as 10 active binding sites that may contribute to immune evasion. Notably, the weak binding ability with HLA class I polymorphisms could promote immune evasion of Omicron. These findings have important implications for preventing immune evasion of SARS-CoV-2 and providing new insights for vaccine design.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Rongzhao Zhang, Wenxian Yang, Huifang Zhu, Jingbo Zhai, Mengzhou Xue, Chunfu Zheng
Summary: TBK1 activation is crucial for antiviral innate immunity. NLRC4 has been identified as a positive regulator of TBK1, enhancing the activity of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway and promoting antiviral immune response.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Virology
Chunfu Zheng
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Yao Bai, Li Shen, Minghao Sun, Zurong Yang, Zhijun Chen, Jingbo Zhai, Mengzhou Xue, Zhongjun Shao, Kun Liu, Chunfu Zheng
Summary: This study analyzed the epidemiological characteristics of varicella and investigated the impact of anti-COVID-19 nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) on varicella in Xi'an, China. The results showed that the NPIs effectively reduced the incidence of varicella with spatiotemporal heterogeneity.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Correction
Virology
Chunfu Zheng
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Correction
Virology
Hui Yuan, Jia You, Hongjuan You, Chunfu Zheng
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Correction
Virology
Jie Gao, Yan-Dong Tang, Wei Hu, Chunfu Zheng
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Correction
Virology
Jian Huang, Hongjuan You, Chenhe Su, Yangxin Li, Shunhua Chen, Chunfu Zheng
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Correction
Microbiology
Huifang Zhu, Chunfu Zheng
MICROBIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REVIEWS
(2023)
Correction
Microbiology
Hongjuan You, Sisilia Zheng, Zhiming Huang, Yingying Lin, Qingtang Shen, Chunfu Zheng
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaohua Lou, Binbin Ma, Yuan Zhuang, Xiang Xiao, Laurie J. Minze, Junji Xing, Zhiqiang Zhang, Xian C. Li
Summary: In this study, the crystal structure of TRIM56, a member of the RING E3 ligase, was solved. It was found that TRIM56 forms a tetramer consisting of two anti-parallel dimers. This tetramer structure allows for the existence of two RING domains on each side, forming an active homodimer that supports ubiquitin transfer. These findings suggest that the coiled-coil domain-mediated tetramer serves as a feasible scaffold for facilitating ubiquitin recruitment and transfer in E3 ligase activity.
COMPUTATIONAL AND STRUCTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2023)