Article
Hematology
Emily Landy, Jemy Varghese, Vinh Dang, Andrea Szymczak-Workman, Lawrence P. Kane, Scott W. Canna
Summary: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) and macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) are life-threatening hyperinflammatory syndromes. Understanding the synergistic effect of susceptibility factors can reveal key pathomechanisms in the activation of CD8 T cells.
Article
Immunology
Marion Griessl, Angelique Renzaho, Kirsten Freitag, Christof K. Seckert, Matthias J. Reddehase, Niels A. W. Lemmermann
Summary: This study investigated the transcription of viral genes during latent infection of murine cytomegalovirus, revealing that the transcription of antigenic peptides driving memory inflation rarely coincides with the transcription of immune evasion proteins. The stochastic transcription hypothesis explains why immune evasion does not interfere with memory inflation in latently infected cells.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
David R. Collins, Julia Hitschfel, Jonathan M. Urbach, Geetha H. Mylvaganam, Ngoc L. Ly, Umar Arshad, Zachary J. Racenet, Adrienne G. Yanez, Thomas J. Diefenbach, Bruce D. Walker
Summary: Follicular CD8(+) T cells in lymph nodes play a surveillance role against lymphotropic infections and cancers. The mechanisms by which these cells mediate immune control are not fully understood. In individuals who control HIV without medications, LN-resident virus-specific CD8(+) T cells have distinct functionality, clonotypic overlap with peripheral cells, and gene signatures associated with inflammation and effector function. HIV controllers have elevated levels of cytotoxic effectors in follicular CD8(+) T cells proximate to foci of HIV RNA in germinal centers, supporting cytolytic control of lymphotropic infection.
SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
In-Ho Seo, Hyuk Soo Eun, Ja Kyung Kim, Hoyoung Lee, Seongju Jeong, Seong Jin Choi, Jeewon Lee, Byung Seok Lee, Seok Hyun Kim, Woo Sun Rou, Dong Hyeon Lee, Won Kim, Su-Hyung Park, Eui-Cheol Shin
Summary: IL-15 upregulates CCR5 in memory CD8(+) T cells, enhancing their migration, while the upregulation is abrogated by TCR stimulation. CCR5 signals increase proliferation and cytotoxic protein expression in IL-15-treated memory CD8(+) T cells, associating with severe liver injury in patients with acute hepatitis A.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Esmee K. van der Ploeg, Lisette Krabbendam, Heleen Vroman, Menno van Nimwegen, Marjolein J. W. de Bruijn, Geertje M. de Boer, Ingrid M. Bergen, Mirjam Kool, Gerdien A. Tramper-Standers, Gert-Jan Braunstahl, Danny Huylebroeck, Rudi W. Hendriks, Ralph Stadhouders
Summary: CD8+ cytotoxic T cells can also produce type-2 cytokines in severe asthma patients, and their abundance is associated with increased disease burden, higher exacerbation rates, and steroid insensitivity. The type-2 skewing of lung Tc cells in asthma is controlled by conventional type-1 dendritic cells and IFN gamma. Interleukin-33 (IL-33) critically promotes type-2 cytokine production by lung Tc cells in experimental allergic airway inflammation.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Liang Lin, Shih-Feng Cho, Lijie Xing, Kenneth Wen, Yuyin Li, Tengteng Yu, Phillip A. Hsieh, Hailin Chen, Metin Kurtoglu, Yi Zhang, C. Andrew Stewart, Nikhil Munshi, Kenneth C. Anderson, Yu-Tzu Tai
Summary: The study introduces a novel CD8+ CAR T-cell product, Descartes-08, for the treatment of multiple myeloma, with predictable pharmacokinetics and limited risks of uncontrolled proliferation and drug resistance. Preclinical data and ongoing clinical trials have demonstrated the effectiveness and safety of Descartes-08 in inhibiting myeloma growth and providing durable responses in patients.
Review
Immunology
Ian Baudi, Keigo Kawashima, Masanori Isogawa
Summary: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality, with chronic hepatitis potentially progressing to cirrhosis and cancer. CD8+ T cells play a central role in clearing acute HBV infection, with weak CD8+ T cell responses in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) possibly due to multifaceted mechanisms and immunoregulatory cell populations in the liver. Studies suggest that genetic and epigenetic changes in dysfunctional CD8+ T cells may be targets for immunotherapy to treat CHB.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Calum Forrest, Thomas J. G. Chase, Antonia O. Cuff, Dionas Maroulis, Reza Motallebzadeh, Amir Gander, Brian Davidson, Paul Griffiths, Victoria Male, Matthew Reeves
Summary: This study reveals that liver resident natural killer cells have an altered phenotype in individuals infected with cytomegalovirus and exhibit increased anti-viral activity against multiple viruses in vitro. The authors also identify a subset of natural killer cells responsible for controlling cytomegalovirus replication in the liver. These findings suggest that virally induced expansion of tissue resident natural killer cells can reduce the risk of post-transplant viremia.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Kirsten Freitag, Sara Hamdan, Matthias J. Reddehase, Rafaela Holtappels
Summary: CD8(+) T-cell responses to pathogens mainly target infected cells presenting pathogen-encoded peptides, with only a few peptides qualifying as epitopes. IDEs are preferred in vaccine design and CD8(+) T-cell immunotherapy.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Beatriz Alvarez, Maria A. Navarrete-Munoz, Veronica Briz, Susana Olmedillas-Lopez, Sara Nistal, Alfonso Cabello, Laura Prieto, Miguel Gorgolas, Mariano Garcia-Arranz, Jose M. Benito, Norma Rallon
Summary: This study assessed the impact of HCV eradication on HIV-DNA content in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients treated with direct-acting antivirals. The results suggest that HCV does not influence the size of the HIV reservoir and that DAAs do not have an anti-HIV action.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Darina Paprckova, Veronika Niederlova, Alena Moudra, Ales Drobek, Michaela Pribikova, Sarka Janusova, Kilian Schober, Ales Neuwirth, Juraj Michalik, Martina Huranova, Veronika Horkova, Michaela Cesnekova, Michaela Simova, Jan Prochazka, Jana Balounova, Dirk H. Busch, Radislav Sedlacek, Martin Schwarzer, Ondrej Stepanek
Summary: Mature T cells are selected in the thymus for their ability to recognize self-antigens, but the role of self-reactivity in T-cell biology is still not fully understood. By examining mouse peripheral CD8(+) T cells, two unconventional populations of antigen-inexperienced T cells were discovered. Highly self-reactive T cells preferentially differentiate into antigen-inexperienced memory-like cells, but do not form a population expressing specific genes.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Lindsey A. H. Shallberg, Anthony T. A. Phan, David A. A. Christian, Joseph A. Perry, Breanne E. Haskins, Daniel P. Beiting, Tajie H. Harris, Anita A. Koshy, Christopher A. Hunter
Summary: The study characterizes the TCR-driven phenotypes of CD8(+) T cell responses to Toxoplasma gondii infection using genetic reporters, high parameter flow cytometry, and imaging techniques. The results demonstrate that recent TCR activation contributes to the phenotypic heterogeneity of the CD8(+) T cell response, but has limited impact on memory populations during acute and chronic stages of infection.
Review
Hematology
Mariapia A. Degli-Esposti, Geoffrey R. Hill
Summary: The reactivation of viruses after stem cell transplantation is a clinical challenge. Monitoring strategies and expensive antiviral drugs are needed. T cells, natural killer cells, and dendritic cells play important roles in protecting against viral reactivation. Graft-versus-host disease and new antiviral drugs may affect immune functionality and relevance.
Review
Immunology
Sara Hamdan, Matthias J. Reddehase, Rafaela Holtappels
Summary: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections have conflicting hallmarks. Immune evasion proteins raise the avidity threshold for activation, allowing only high-avidity cells to provide protection.
MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Acoustics
A. Hawkins-Villarreal, A. L. Moreno-Espinosa, K. Castillo, N. Hahner, O. Picone, L. Mandelbrot, I. Simon, E. Gratacos, A. Gonce, E. Eixarch
Summary: The study aimed to assess the cortical maturation pattern in fetuses with CMV infection using MRI, and compare it with healthy controls. Results showed that even in non-severely affected fetuses, CMV infection could be associated with altered brain cortical structure.
ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Nicola Ferreira, Christopher E. Andoniou, Kara L. Perks, Judith A. Ermer, Danielle L. Rudler, Giulia Rossetti, Ambika Periyakaruppiah, Jamie K. Y. Wong, Oliver Rackham, Peter G. Noakes, Mariapia A. Degli-Esposti, Aleksandra Filipovska
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vivien R. Sutton, Christopher Andoniou, Michael G. Leeming, Colin M. House, Sally Watt, Sandra Verschoor, Annette Ciccone, Ilia Voskoboinik, Mariapia Degli-Esposti, Joseph A. Trapani
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS
(2020)
Article
Oncology
Melody Cheong, Kate H. Gartlan, Jason S. Lee, Siok-Keen Tey, Ping Zhang, Rachel D. Kuns, Christopher E. Andoniou, Jose Paulo Martins, Karshing Chang, Vivien R. Sutton, Greg Kelly, Antiopi Varelias, Slavica Vuckovic, Kate A. Markey, Glen M. Boyle, Mark J. Smyth, Christian R. Engwerda, Kelli P. A. MacDonald, Joseph A. Trapani, Mariapia A. Degli-Esposti, Motoko Koyama, Geoffrey R. Hill
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Hematology
Andrea S. Henden, Motoko Koyama, Renee J. Robb, Adriana Forero, Rachel D. Kuns, Karshing Chang, Kathleen S. Ensbey, Antiopi Varelias, Stephen H. Kazakoff, Nicole Waddell, Andrew D. Clouston, Rabina Giri, Jakob Begun, Bruce R. Blazar, Mariapia A. Degli-Esposti, Sergei V. Kotenko, Steven W. Lane, Kate L. Bowerman, Ram Savan, Philip Hugenholtz, Kate H. Gartlan, Geoffrey R. Hill
Summary: The text discusses the importance of immunopathology and intestinal stem cell loss in graft-versus-host disease, as well as interferon-lambda as a key protective factor. Research shows that intervention with interferon-lambda can prevent the loss of intestinal stem cells and improve the condition of GVHD.
Review
Hematology
Mariapia A. Degli-Esposti, Geoffrey R. Hill
Summary: The reactivation of viruses after stem cell transplantation is a clinical challenge. Monitoring strategies and expensive antiviral drugs are needed. T cells, natural killer cells, and dendritic cells play important roles in protecting against viral reactivation. Graft-versus-host disease and new antiviral drugs may affect immune functionality and relevance.
Article
Hematology
Albert C. Yeh, Antiopi Varelias, Anupama Reddy, Sierra M. Barone, Stuart D. Olver, Kate Chilson, Lynn E. Onstad, Kathleen S. Ensbey, Andrea S. Henden, Luke Samson, Carla A. Jaeger, Timothy Bi, Kimberly B. Dahlman, Tae Kon Kim, Ping Zhang, Mariapia A. Degli-Esposti, Evan W. Newell, Madan H. Jagasia, Jonathan M. Irish, Stephanie J. Lee, Geoffrey R. Hill
Summary: Studies show that the CMV serostatus of donors and recipients is associated with transplant-related mortality following allogeneic stem cell transplant (SCT). Previous research has indicated that CMV-seronegative recipients receiving a CMV-seropositive graft may have inferior outcomes compared to other serostatus combinations, even without viral reactivation. This suggests that prior CMV exposure can have lasting effects on immune function after SCT.
Review
Ophthalmology
Jelena Marie Kezic, Steven Wiffen, Mariapia Degli-Esposti
Summary: Ocular graft versus host disease (GVHD) is a common complication in patients undergoing allo-HSCT, characterized by dry eye symptoms and inflammatory changes in the eye. Regular ocular assessments and additional screenings are crucial for the early detection and treatment of ocular complications associated with GVHD.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPTOMETRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katharine Jennifer Goodall, Angela Nguyen, Daniel Mark Andrews, Lucy Catherine Sullivan
Summary: This study investigates the interaction between CD8 and nonclassical MHC, showing that ADP-ribosylation facilitates the binding of CD8 to nonclassical MHC H2-Q10, leading to additional inhibitory effects on the activation of CD8-expressing cells. These findings highlight important roles for nonclassical MHC-I in regulating immune responses.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
A. J. Highton, I. S. Schuster, M. A. Degli-Esposti, M. Altfeld
Summary: NK cells are a major immune subset within the liver, playing important roles in the immune responses against hepatotropic viral infections, autoimmune liver diseases, and fatty liver disease. Understanding the involvement of NK cells in liver inflammation is crucial for effective treatment and future immunotherapeutic targeting in these disease settings.
SEMINARS IN IMMUNOPATHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Melkamu B. Tessema, Rubaiyea Farrukee, Christopher E. Andoniou, Mariapia A. Degli-Esposti, Clare Oates, James B. Barnes, Linda M. Wakim, Andrew G. Brooks, Sarah L. Londrigan, Patrick C. Reading
Summary: This study is the first to report the antiviral activity of mouse Mx1 against alphaherpesviruses, demonstrating that mMx1 can effectively inhibit the growth of HSV-1 by blocking viral genome replication and late gene expression. Additionally, the functional endogenous mMx1 is shown to limit the pathogenesis of HSV-1 in a mouse infection model.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Sathya N. Kulappu Arachchige, Gregory J. Underwood, Daniel M. Andrews, A. M. Hasanthi Abeykoon, Nadeeka K. Wawegama, Glenn F. Browning
Summary: This study reviewed the literature on the evaluation of vaccine efficacy against pathological changes caused by M. gallisepticum in poultry. The study found that assessment of tracheal lesions is a more reliable method for evaluating disease induced by M. gallisepticum compared to assessment of air sac lesions. Furthermore, the study highlighted the importance of using a standardized model for evaluation and reporting of M. gallisepticum vaccines.
Article
Immunology
Iona S. Schuster, Xavier Y. X. Sng, Colleen M. Lau, David R. Powell, Orr-El Weizman, Joseph C. Sun, Peter Fleming, Georgia E. G. Neate, Valentina Voigt, Sam Sheppard, Andreas I. Maraskovsky, Sheridan Daly, Motoko Koyama, Geoffrey R. Hill, Stephen J. Turner, Timothy E. O'Sullivan, Christopher E. Andoniou, Mariapia A. Degli-Esposti
Summary: Tissue health relies on the ability to respond to disturbances and restore homeostasis. This study identifies a population of innate lymphocytes, called tissue-resident memory-like natural killer (NKRM) cells, that develop adaptive-like features including long-term residency in non-lymphoid tissues. These NKRM cells prevent autoimmunity by eliminating CD4+ T cells, and modulating their functions could offer new strategies for treating inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
Article
Immunology
Sara M. Klose, David P. De Souza, Jillian F. Disint, Daniel M. Andrews, Gregory J. Underwood, Chris J. Morrow, Marc S. Marenda, Amir H. Noormohammadi
Summary: The live attenuated temperature sensitive vaccine strain MS-H contains 32 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) compared to the field strain. Three of these SNPs have been shown to be prone to reversion under field conditions. Reisolates with the 86079/7NS genotype in obgE, oppF, and gapdh were more immunogenic and transmissible in chickens. Changes in OppF influenced the uptake of peptides and/or amino acids, while GAPDH played a role in metabolism of glycerophospholipids and the ADI pathway. This study highlights the role of ObgE, OppF, and GAPDH in M. synoviae metabolism and their contribution to the attenuation of MS-H.