Article
Microbiology
Melissa Berni, Luca Bolzoni, Ilaria Menozzi, Alessandra Dodi, Chiara Bracchi, Marina Morganti, Erika Scaltriti, Stefano Pongolini, Martina Tambassi
Summary: This study reveals that a significant portion of the global population of Salmonella Derby is evolving to adapt to the swine host while simultaneously attenuating its virulence for humans. The fixation of deleterious mutations in the SPI-1 genes plays a key role in this process. The study provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the ecology and host adaptation of Salmonella.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Guillaume Lariviere-Gauthier, Annaelle Kerouanton, Sophie Mompelat, Stephanie Bougeard, Martine Denis, Philippe Fravalo
Summary: Using untargeted analysis of the serum metabolome, we can detect asymptomatic animals infected with Salmonella and high-shedding animals. The composition of the serum metabolome changes significantly during the 21 days postinfection, and is also associated with specific members of the fecal microbiota.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jordan T. Gebhardt, Steve S. Dritz, C. Grace Elijah, Cassandra K. Jones, Chad B. Paulk, Jason C. Woodworth
Summary: The diagnostic investigation highlighted contamination of ASFV on feed trucks and within the feed production system, emphasizing the importance of biosecurity measures, particularly in managing employee traffic. The report underscores the significance of routine data capture for evaluating the efficacy of biosecurity procedures.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Fabio Sossai Possebon, Marcus Vinicius Niz Alvarez, Leila Sabrina Ullmann, Joao Pessoa Araujo Jr
Summary: The study evaluated the resistance genes and integrons in multidrug-resistant Salmonella strains isolated from swine mesenteric lymph nodes. The results showed different resistance genes for the same antimicrobial class in each strain with a genetic basis, and the presence of banned olaquindox resistance genes in some samples. Five isolates harbored class 1 integrons, reflecting the high selection pressure these bacterial lineages face along the pork production chain.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Karthik Paranthaman, Piers Mook, Daniele Curtis, Edward-Wynne Evans, Emma Crawley-Boevey, Girija Dabke, Kevin Carroll, Jacquelyn McCormick, Timothy J. Dallman, Paul Crook
Summary: An outbreak surveillance system for Salmonella integrating whole genome sequencing and epidemiological data was developed in South East and London in 2016-17. A total of 230 unique 5-SNP WGS clusters of non-typhoidal Salmonella were identified, with 208 clusters not reported to the local health protection teams. Among the 22 clusters reported to HPTs, nine were active outbreak investigations, seven were below agreed thresholds, and six exceeded local thresholds, with four of the latter having a common source identified. This demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of a threshold-based surveillance system for directing public health resources towards non-typhoidal Salmonella clusters.
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Martyna Fratczak, Piotr Indykiewicz, Beata Dulisz, Jacek J. Nowakowski, Tomasz Janiszewski, Jan Szeptycki, Jaroslaw Wilczynski, Piotr Tryjanowski
Summary: This study investigated whether bird feeders can be a source of Salmonella spp., and found no presence of Salmonella spp. in the tested samples collected from feeders.
Article
Microbiology
Lapo Mughini-Gras, Angela H. A. M. van Hoek, Tryntsje Cuperus, Cecile Dam-Deisz, Wendy van Overbeek, Maaike van den Beld, Ben Wit, Michel Rapallini, Bart Wullings, Eelco Franz, Joke van der Giessen, Cindy Dierikx, Marieke Opsteegh
Summary: In Dutch broiler flocks, a heterogeneous population of (pESI-carrying) S. Infantis has been established with evidence of possible vertical transmission. These bacteria exhibit resistance to multiple antibiotics, with certain feed, antibiotic use, and cleaning practices posing risk factors. Further monitoring and control measures are recommended to address this issue.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Christy Tabarani, Alejandro De La Hoz, Audrey Wanger, Anthony R. Flores, Cesar A. Arias
Summary: This study retrospectively observed the Salmonella infections in 110 pediatric patients under 18 years old in a large hospital network in Houston from 2016 to 2021. The results showed that the infection rate was highest among children aged 0-5 years, and bloody diarrhea was most commonly reported among children aged 0-1 years. The clinical characteristics of Salmonella infections in the pediatric population were distinct. Special consideration should be given to empiric treatment for patients who have recently returned from the Indian subcontinent.
PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Alessia De Lucia, Shaun A. Cawthraw, Richard Piers Smith, Rob Davies, Carlo Bianco, Fabio Ostanello, Francesca Martelli
Summary: The consumption of pork meat is a major cause of salmonellosis outbreaks in humans. Surveillance in pig herds faces challenges in cost-effectiveness and efficiency of sampling methods. Using oral fluids (OF) as a sample type for assessing anti-Salmonella antibodies in pigs shows potential, with IgG being the most reliable isotype for monitoring Salmonella-specific antibody immunity via OF.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Maria Margarida Barros, Joana Castro, Daniela Araujo, Ana Maria Campos, Ricardo Oliveira, Sonia Silva, Divanildo Outor-Monteiro, Carina Almeida
Summary: This review summarizes the epidemiological challenge of swine colibacillosis caused by Escherichia coli, highlighting the role of antibiotic use in animal practices in the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains. It discusses the diversity, resistance, and virulence profiles of pathogenic ETEC strains and emphasizes their importance as zoonotic agents.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Shawn M. D. Bearson
Summary: An estimated 1.3 million Salmonella infections and 420 deaths occur annually in the United States. Over 50% of US swine operations test positive for Salmonella, with 20% of the bacteria being multidrug resistant. Salmonella is a commensal in food animals and poses challenges in controlling its spread. Vaccination of swine against Salmonella is a promising strategy to mitigate contamination.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANIMAL BIOSCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Madison R. Turcotte, Joshua T. Smith, Jinfeng Li, Xinglu Zhang, Kristin L. Wolfe, Fengxiang Gao, Christopher S. Benton, Cheryl P. Andam
Summary: This study analyzed the genomes of Salmonella enterica isolates from New Hampshire using whole genome sequencing (WGS). The results showed a diverse population structure and evolutionary history, with multiple lineages and recent clonal expansion. The study also identified genes associated with antimicrobial resistance and emphasized the importance of implementing WGS-based surveillance and genomic data analyses in state public health laboratories.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Seth Commichaux, Hugh Rand, Kiran Javkar, Erin K. Molloy, James B. Pettengill, Arthur Pightling, Maria Hoffmann, Mihai Pop, Victor Jayeola, Steven Foley, Yan Luo
Summary: The Salmonella enterica serovar Newport red onion outbreak in 2020 was the largest in over a decade. The epidemiological investigation identified two farms as potential sources, but SNP analysis showed no link between farm and clinical isolates. However, analysis of plasmids in the clinical isolates provided evidence for a connection to the farms, highlighting the potential of this method for source tracking investigations.
Article
Virology
Zhaomin Feng, Wenfei Zhu, Lei Yang, Jia Liu, Lijuan Zhou, Dayan Wang, Yuelong Shu
Summary: Eurasian avian-like H1N1 swine influenza viruses in China have shown a genotypic diversity with 11 genotypes, among which genotypes 3 and 5 are predominant in pig population. These viruses continuously reassort with other co-circulated influenza viruses and show different genetic characteristics.
Article
Microbiology
Ana de la Torre, Jaime Bosch, Jose Manuel Sanchez-Vizcaino, Satoshi Ito, Carolina Munoz, Irene Iglesias, Marta Martinez-Aviles
Summary: Wild boar movements have been identified as posing the highest risk of introducing and spreading ASF, with the transportation of pork and pork products for own consumption also ranked high. The study focused on identifying the risks of transmission at the domestic/wild boar interface, emphasizing the importance of biosecurity practices and improved control efforts.