Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Caspar Glock, Anne Biever, Georgi Tushev, Belquis Nassim-Assir, Allison Kao, Ina Bartnik, Susanne Tom Dieck, Erin M. Schuman
Summary: Neurons continuously remodel their proteomes to maintain synaptic proteins, with local translation playing a significant role in this process. Differences in RNA abundance explain most translational changes between cell body and synaptic regions, suggesting the importance of on-site translational control in regulating synaptic strength.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Akrivi-Dimitra Daskalaki, Emmanouela Kallergi, Angeliki Kolaxi, Vassiliki Nikoletopoulou
Summary: Neurons are highly polarized and functionally compartmentalized cells. Our work shows that the biogenesis of AVs in dendrites is crucial for synaptic plasticity.
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Julio D. Perez, Claudia M. Fusco, Erin M. Schuman
Summary: Neurons have complex morphology with subcellular compartments such as dendrites, axons, and synapses. They express a diverse range of gene products to sustain these compartments and carry out various operations. mRNA translation is a key mechanism used by neurons for regulating protein expression, and the relationship between mRNA and protein varies significantly among different gene groups.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF GENETICS, VOL 55
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Xian-gan Chen, Shuai Liu, Wen Zhang
Summary: Non-coding RNAs are important in biological processes and disease association. Predicting coding potential of RNA sequences is crucial for downstream analysis, but current methods perform poorly on short Open Reading Frame (sORF) RNA sequences. This study presents a coding potential prediction method, CPE-SLDI, which uses data oversampling to address the problem of local data imbalance in sORF sequences, resulting in improved performance.
IEEE-ACM TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY AND BIOINFORMATICS
(2022)
Article
Biophysics
Christoph Kluge, Matthias Poehnl, Rainer A. Boeckmann
Summary: The curvature of cellular membranes plays a crucial role in targeting and sorting membrane-associated proteins. In this study, molecular dynamics simulations were used to determine the induced spontaneous curvature values of potassium channel and water channel proteins. The simulations revealed that the potassium channel induces positive membrane curvature, while the water channel induces negative curvature. Protein-lipid interaction analysis showed that the potassium channel shapes the surrounding membrane through structural determinants, while the water channel has a minimal effect on the membrane environment due to its wedge-like shape.
BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Nicholas Karsch, Hendrik Schulte, Thomas Musch, Christoph Baer
Summary: In this paper, a novel 2D FMCW localization method based on the extraction of distinguishable subchannel fingerprints is presented. The method requires only one subdivided radar source channel to map a one-dimensional measurement to higher-dimensional space coordinates. The system utilizes low-cost hardware components with distinguishable space-dependent fingerprint codes to implement additional target information. The paper also describes the signal processing steps, hardware components, localization accuracy, and fingerprint classification accuracy of the system.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ozge D. Ozcete, Tobias Moser
Summary: This study investigated the transfer function of synapses in inner hair cells, finding that differences in voltage dependence and release site coupling can affect synaptic transmission, contributing to the functional diversity of spiral ganglion neurons. The reported mechanism may help sensory cells and neurons in general to diversify signaling, even in nearby synapses.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Martin N. P. Nilsson, Henrik Jorntell
Summary: The Hodgkin and Huxley neuron model explains voltage spike propagation in axons, but falls short in explaining certain key features of the neural code. By analyzing channel current fluctuations in a trisection of the model, it was found that neuronal encoding can be conclusively described by a soft-thresholding function with just three parameters. This explanation provided excellent matches with in vivo recordings of cerebellar Purkinje neurons, supporting its validity.
Article
Physics, Mathematical
Dorothea Bahns, Klaus Fredenhagen, Kasia Rejzner
Summary: The paper constructs the Haag-Kastler net of local von Neumann algebras in the ultraviolet finite regime of the Sine-Gordon model, proving its equivalence with the massive Thirring model without adding an auxiliary mass term and working completely in Lorentzian signature. The construction is based on the functional formalism for perturbative Algebraic Quantum Field Theory, adapted to Lorentzian signature using estimates from Constructive Quantum Field Theory, extending previous work by the authors.
COMMUNICATIONS IN MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Biology
David Dahmen, Moritz Layer, Lukas Deutz, Paulina Anna Dabrowska, Nicole Voges, Michael von Papen, Thomas Brochier, Alexa Riehle, Markus Diesmann, Sonja Gruen, Moritz Helias
Summary: Modern electrophysiological recordings capture the activities of hundreds of neurons in the brain and reveal strong coordination even among unconnected neurons. Local connectivity heterogeneity supports complex long-range cooperation between neurons, allowing the brain to adapt neuronal coordination to different demands.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Wen Liu, Xu Wang, Zhongliang Deng
Summary: This paper proposes a double-layer dictionary learning algorithm based on channel state information (DDLC) for indoor positioning. The experiment results show that DDLC can effectively reduce positioning errors and has strong anti-noise ability.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Zhaochao Li, Fujian Tang, Yizheng Chen, Xiuyan Hu, Genda Chen, Yan Tang
Summary: The study proposed algorithms for determining the locations of smart rocks to predict topography near a bridge pier or abutment. Field tests in California and numerical simulations showed the effectiveness of the localization algorithms. The presence of steel rebars in bridges causes a non-uniform dispersion of the ambient magnetic field, impacting the effective distance.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Manaka Yamaguchi, Rina Kinouchi, Shiori Morizumi, Yoshihito Shimazu, Mamoru Takeda
Summary: The study showed that acute local administration of genistein significantly attenuated the excitability of SpVc neurons in response to nociceptive and non-nociceptive mechanical stimulation in rats, with a comparable inhibitory effect to the local anesthetic lidocaine. These findings suggest that genistein may act as a local anesthetic to relieve trigeminal nociceptive pain without side effects.
BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Xinjing Huang, Yuan Wang, Jinyu Ma, Jialin Wu, Jian Li, Yu Zhang, Hao Feng
Summary: This study proposes a method for immediately and accurately locating subsea pipelines through active magnetization and vertical magnetic measurements, significantly improving the signal-to-noise ratio and positioning accuracy compared to traditional methods.
MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
E. Gorbar, V. P. Gusynin, D. O. Oriekhov
Summary: The study focuses on gap generation in the dice model with local four-fermion interaction, revealing two main types of gaps associated with different valleys. While the intravalley gap is only generated in the supercritical regime, the intervalley gap can be produced for any small coupling. The absence of a critical coupling for the intervalley gap is explained by the catalysis of the flat band in the electron spectrum, leading to an extremely large intervalley gap proportional to the area of the Brillouin zone.
Article
Neurosciences
Poonam Mishra, Rishikesh Narayanan
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2020)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Manisha Sinha, Rishikesh Narayanan
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2020)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Adithya Krishna, Divyansh Mittal, Siri Garudanagiri Virupaksha, Abhishek Ramdas Nair, Rishikesh Narayanan, Chetan Singh Thakur
Summary: The research has successfully implemented algorithmic and hardware structures mimicking the mammalian spatial navigation system, incorporating grid-cell, place-cell, and decoding modules in a multi-layer architecture to achieve navigation and path integration.
Article
Biology
Divyansh Mittal, Rishikesh Narayanan
Summary: The study investigated how different forms of biological heterogeneities impact the stability of grid-patterned activity generation in biological networks. Targeted suppression of low-frequency perturbations was found to ameliorate disruptions caused by heterogeneity. Models with resonating neurons showed resilience to heterogeneities and stable firing of grid patterns, with mechanistic resonators being more effective in suppressing low-frequency activity.
Article
Physiology
Poonam Mishra, Rishikesh Narayanan
Summary: Degeneracy, the ability of multiple structural components to elicit the same characteristic functional properties, is an elegant mechanism for biological robustness. This study investigated the expression of ion-channel degeneracy in rat hippocampal granule cells, finding that blocking different ion-channel subtypes had varying effects on functional measurements and led to neuron-to-neuron variability. Furthermore, the study demonstrated how different ion channels independently altered sub- and suprathreshold properties of granule cells.
PHYSIOLOGICAL REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Ankit Roy, Rishikesh Narayanan
Summary: The relationship between the spatial tuning curve and spatial information transfer in hippocampal place cells is critically regulated by trial-to-trial variability, tuning-curve shape, and biological heterogeneities. Spatial information transfer is found to be heterogeneous across models, decreasing consistently with increasing levels of variability. Experience-dependent asymmetry in place-field firing introduces asymmetries in information transfer, revealing important insights into the regulation of neural encoding in the hippocampus.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Poonam Mishra, Rishikesh Narayanan
Summary: This paper reveals a form of neuronal plasticity in rat hippocampal granule cells, which is induced by a behaviorally relevant activity pattern. These plastic changes involve multiple channels and depend on calcium influx. These findings contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms underlying information encoding and homeostasis in the brain.
Article
Neurosciences
Sameera Shridhar, Poonam Mishra, Rishikesh Narayanan
Summary: Neurons and synapses show variability in plasticity induced by identical activity patterns. This study investigates the mechanisms behind this variability in granule cells and finds that structural heterogeneity plays a dominant role. The study also highlights the need to quantitatively characterize the relationship between neural-circuit and plasticity heterogeneities.
Article
Neurosciences
Pavithraa Seenivasan, Rishikesh Narayanan
Summary: Efficient information coding (EIC) is a universal biological framework that maximizes environmental information by adapting to the environment and matching its stimulus statistics. Biological complexity is crucial for stable information coding.
CURRENT OPINION IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Rituparna Roy, Rishikesh Narayanan
Summary: In this study, the impact of intrinsic and synaptic heterogeneities on complex spike bursting (CSB) was investigated. Two functional subclasses of models were identified, and considerable heterogeneity in CSB propensity and properties was observed across different models and protocols. Synergistic interactions between intrinsic and synaptic mechanisms were found to regulate CSB emergence and dynamics.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Divyansh Mittal, Rishikesh Narayanan
Summary: In this study, the oscillatory patterns of stellate cells (SC) in the medial entorhinal cortex were investigated. The researchers found that these patterns vary between cells and can be influenced by noise. Through experimental recordings and modeling, they discovered the presence of stochastic resonance and identified a network motif that contributes to the emergence of oscillations. These findings suggest that the oscillatory activity of SCs is state-dependent and can be modulated by external factors.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Harshith Nagaraj, Rishikesh Narayanan
Summary: In the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), a heterogeneous neuronal population maintains a cell-autonomous code for circadian time through firing-rate plasticity involving multiple ion channels. We built a heterogeneous population of SCN model neurons and found that despite diversity in ion-channel conductances, SCN neurons could achieve characteristic electrophysiological features and undergo valid day-to-night or night-to-day transitions with different combinations of ion-channel plasticity. Nonlinear dimensionality reduction analysis revealed a low-dimensional plasticity manifold in day-to-night transitions. This study combines the concepts of degeneracy and plasticity manifold frameworks to explain how SCN neurons achieve stable firing-rate transitions in the presence of heterogeneous ion channels.
Review
Biology
Tristan Manfred Stoeber, Danylo Batulin, Jochen Triesch, Rishikesh Narayanan, Peter Jedlicka
Summary: Developing effective treatments for epilepsy remains a major challenge due to its complex and multifaceted nature. In this perspective, the concept of degeneracy is introduced to epilepsy research, highlighting the ability of disparate elements to cause a similar function or malfunction. By studying epilepsy-related degeneracy at various levels of brain organization, new modeling approaches are proposed to unravel the intricate web of interactions in epilepsy and design personalized multitarget therapies.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Poonam Mishra, Rishikesh Narayanan
Summary: This review emphasizes the importance of assessing HCN channels in neuronal physiology from the perspective of their response to time-varying signals and their interactions with other co-expressing channels and receptors. HCN channels play a crucial role in neuronal response characteristics through mediating a slow negative feedback loop, and they have significant interactions with other channels and receptors.
PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND BIOINFORMATICS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Pavithraa Seenivasan, Rishikesh Narayanan
PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH
(2020)