Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Jin-Gen Dai, Matthew Fox, Xu Han, Marissa M. Tremblay, Shi-Ying Xu, David L. Shuster, Bo-Rong Liu, Jiawei Zhang, Cheng-Shan Wang
Summary: The study used low-temperature thermochronometry and thermal-kinematic models to analyze bedrock samples from the middle reach of the Yarlung River, revealing two stages of relatively fast exhumation and significantly slow exhumation rate. The first stage occurred during the mid-Miocene period, with rapid exhumation along much of the Yarlung River including wide portions of the valley and its tributaries. The second stage occurred during the Pliocene-Pleistocene period with accelerated exhumation limited to gorges in response to local tectonic activity.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Abhishek Kashyap, Mukunda Dev Behera
Summary: Bedrock landslides play a significant role in hillslope erosion and sediment flux in the Himalayan mountain belt. The spatial distribution of landslide occurrences is influenced by topographic variables and rainfall intensity. Higher tectonic activity is responsible for landslides in the Higher Himalaya, while litho-tectonics and rainfall intensity dominate landslides near the Main Central Thrust (MCT)-Main Boundary Thrust (MBT). Erosion rates exceed long-term exhumation rates, and both rates show divergent spatial patterns.
ENVIRONMENTAL EARTH SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Geology
Yihong Tian, Lingsen Zeng, Li-E Gao, Yaying Wang, Kejun Hou, Suohan Tang, Chunli Guo
Summary: A suite of diabase dikes and sills from the Early Jurassic period have been discovered in the Langjiexue Group, which is part of the Tethyan sedimentary sequence. These rocks were formed through partial melting of depleted mantle in a continental extension setting.
JOURNAL OF GEOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Luobin Yan, Mikael Attal, Simon M. Mudd, Ke Zhang, Yuntao Tian
Summary: This study investigates the geomorphic response and surface evolution processes in the eastern Tibetan region through quantifying topographic metrics. The findings reveal significant landscape transience and river incision in the Tongtianhe River basin, ruling out regional uplift and local faulting as primary factors contributing to the observed changes.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Chao Wang, Lin Ding, Fulong Cai, Liyun Zhang, Zhenyu Li, Yahui Yue
Summary: This study reports the tectonic setting of the Tethyan Himalaya in southern Tibet during the Triassic period and its relationship with the opening of the Neo-Tethys Ocean and the breakup of Gondwana. The researchers analyzed volcanic rocks in the region and found that they were formed in a passive continental margin setting. The findings support the hypothesis that the Neo-Tethys Ocean opened in a passive pattern and that the breakup of Gondwana was initiated by lithospheric thinning.
GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Geology
Yuchao Liu, Kezhang Qin, Junxing Zhao, Qifeng Zhou, Ruizhe Shi, Changtong He, Yuya Gao
Summary: This study discovered a large spodumene pegmatite deposit in the Higher Himalayan orogenic zone near Qongjiagang, with granites showing an evolution from two-mica granite to tourmaline muscovite granite and tourmaline albite granite. Feldspar samples were collected and analyzed to examine the relationship between rock types and their potential as lithium ore deposits. The study found that changes in granite lithology and ore-bearing potential of pegmatites with increasing altitude are influenced by fractional crystallization and decreasing temperature, resulting in enrichment of trace elements including lithium.
ORE GEOLOGY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Reinhard Wolff, Ralf Hetzel, Kyra Hoelzer, Istvan Dunkl, Qiang Xu, Aneta A. Anczkiewicz, Zhenyu Li
Summary: Active graben systems in south Tibet and the Himalaya are the surface expression of ongoing east-west extension. We reconstructed the exhumation history of the southern Tangra Yumco graben using new thermochronological data, showing that normal faulting began 19.0 +/- 1.1 Ma and accelerated around 5 Ma. Rifting and normal faulting propagated northward at an average rate of c. 25 km myr(-1), possibly due to the under-thrusting of India beneath Tibet.
JOURNAL OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhang Wang, Kai-heng Hu, Chao Ma, Yong Li, Shuang Liu
Summary: High-magnitude glacial debris flows in small basins in the Himalayas have a significant impact on the landscape, with different triggering factors and geomorphic impacts found among events at different times. The debris flows have varying effects on different types of valley topography, affecting channel morphology and accumulation fan landscapes.
JOURNAL OF MOUNTAIN SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Priyanka Joshi, Binita Phartiyal, Mallickarjun Joshi, Shailesh Agrawal, Pankaj Kumar, Rajveer Sharma
Summary: The study examines the landforms and glacial lake deposits in the Chang La-Tangtse basin of the Ladakh Range to determine their palaeoclimatic significance. Analysis of sediment characteristics and isotope data provides a climate record dating back to approximately 7075 cal yr BP. The results suggest a stable climatic condition with the influence of westerlies and the Indian monsoon at different periods. The findings also indicate that the landscape evolution and climatic variations in the Trans-Himalaya region are primarily governed by westerlies.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Joshua N. Jones, Sarah J. Boulton, Martin Stokes, Georgina L. Bennett, Michael R. Z. Whitworth
Summary: This study quantifies the magnitudes of mass-wasting caused by the Asia Summer Monsoon, extreme rainfall, and earthquakes in the Nepal Himalaya, finding that rainfall events and earthquakes may perturb mass-wasting to a much greater extent than expected from monsoon alone.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
Martine Simoes, Timothee Sassolas-Serrayet, Rodolphe Cattin, Romain Le Roux-Mallouf, Matthieu Ferry, Dowchu Drukpa
Summary: The research findings in the Bhutan Himalaya suggest that the drainage network is highly dynamic and unstable, with evidence of divide migration and river captures. The landscape responds rapidly to these dynamics, and major knickpoints and low-relief regions are longitudinally located, possibly related to active tectonic uplift.
EARTH SURFACE DYNAMICS
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
Ajay Kumar Taloor, Lalit Mohan Joshi, Bahadur Singh Kotlia, Akhtar Alam, Girish Ch Kothyari, Raj Sunil Kandregula, Anoop Kumar Singh, Rakesh Kumar Dumka
Summary: The Mandakini and Bhilangana basins in the Garhwal Himalaya are facing unprecedented damage to life, property, and infrastructure due to torrential rains, landslides, and seismic activity. The landscape in response to episodic tectonic uplift and monsoon precipitation has been shown to affect the region's geomorphology and increase vulnerability to hazards threatening human lives. The study highlights the active nature of the Chail/Ramgarh thrust along the Balganga valley, as well as the impact of flooding during heavy rainfall events on river deposits and settlements.
QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yuhua Wang, Lingsen Zeng, Li-E Gao, Zhenyu Chen, Sanzhong Li
Summary: Knowledge of the earliest metamorphism in collisional orogenic belts, such as the Himalayan orogen, is crucial for understanding the tectonic processes and environmental consequences of building high mountain chains. In this study, garnet amphibolites from the Kangmar gneiss dome in the Himalayas were found to have undergone a phase of metamorphism, experiencing increased pressure and temperature. The heating of these rocks suggests compression and thickening, and the self-produced heat was sufficient to achieve the observed pressure-temperature conditions.
GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Geology
Dongyang Lian, Fei Liu, Jingsui Yang, Zhiqin Xu, Weiwei Wu
Summary: Early Cretaceous magmatism in the Xiongma region of the Tethyan Himalaya is linked to the Kerguelen mantle plume, showing characteristics like enrichment of light rare earth elements and significant Na-Ta depletion. The magmatic rocks in the area have undergone crustal assimilation and fractional crystallization, originating from an enriched mantle source. Geochemical and geochronological comparisons with other Himalayan regions suggest a genetic relationship with the Kerguelen mantle plume, representing dispersed fingerprints preserved in southern Tibet, China.
JOURNAL OF GEOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
Xuan Liu, Yi Zhang, Kaibo Han, Sietske J. Batenburg, Huifang Guo, Chao Ma, Hanwei Yao, Hanhan Fan, Qi Wu, Xi Chen
Summary: This study investigates the rhythmic changes in carbon isotope excursions during the Albian period in the Tethyan Himalaya region of southern Tibet, China, and suggests that terrigenous input and orbital changes may have influenced the carbon cycle in this area.
GLOBAL AND PLANETARY CHANGE
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Miquela Ingalls, David Rowley, Gerard Olack, Brian Currie, Shanying Li, Jennifer Schmidt, Marissa Tremblay, Pratigya Polissar, David L. Shuster, Ding Lin, Albert Colman
GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN
(2018)
Correction
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Nick Dygert, Colin R. M. Jackson, Marc A. Hesse, Marissa M. Tremblay, David L. Shuster, Jesse T. Gu
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2019)
Article
Geography, Physical
Marissa M. Tremblay, David L. Shuster, Matteo Spagnolo, Hans Renssen, Adriano Ribolini
QUATERNARY RESEARCH
(2019)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Kalin T. McDannell, David A. Schneider, Peter K. Zeitler, Paul B. O'Sullivan, Dale R. Issler
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yuem Park, Nicholas L. Swanson-Hysell, Scott A. MacLennan, Adam C. Maloof, Mulubrhan Gebreslassie, Marissa M. Tremblay, Blair Schoene, Mulugeta Alene, Eliel S. C. Anttila, Tadele Tesema, Bereket Haileab
GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN
(2020)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
John N. Carter, Marissa M. Tremblay, Darren F. Mark
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Jin-Gen Dai, Matthew Fox, Xu Han, Marissa M. Tremblay, Shi-Ying Xu, David L. Shuster, Bo-Rong Liu, Jiawei Zhang, Cheng-Shan Wang
Summary: The study used low-temperature thermochronometry and thermal-kinematic models to analyze bedrock samples from the middle reach of the Yarlung River, revealing two stages of relatively fast exhumation and significantly slow exhumation rate. The first stage occurred during the mid-Miocene period, with rapid exhumation along much of the Yarlung River including wide portions of the valley and its tributaries. The second stage occurred during the Pliocene-Pleistocene period with accelerated exhumation limited to gorges in response to local tectonic activity.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Hongcheng Guo, Peter K. Zeitler, Bruce D. Idleman, Annia K. Fayon, Paul G. Fitzgerald, Kalin T. McDannell
Summary: The study of apatite (U-Th)/He thermochronology in Cathedral Rocks of the Transantarctic Mountains revealed complexities in He-4 diffusion processes, especially in older grains. The analysis using continuous ramped heating (CRH) method indicated different diffusion behaviors in apatite grains with younger and older ages, providing insights into the cooling history of the sampled region around 35 Ma. Additionally, attempts to correct older apatite ages by removing extraneous gas-release components highlighted the need to consider individual-grain diffusion kinetics beyond radiation-damage models for accurate age interpretation.
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kalin T. McDannell, C. Brenhin Keller, William R. Guenthner, Peter K. Zeitler, David L. Shuster
Summary: The origin of the Great Unconformity, a significant phenomenon in geosciences, has been a longstanding problem. Recent hypotheses suggest that it may be caused by either global continental exhumation during Cryogenian snowball Earth glaciations or diachronous episodic exhumation due to plate tectonic reorganization. By evaluating the Neoproterozoic thermal histories of four North American locations, this study supports the hypothesis of widespread cooling and erosion during the snowball Earth glaciations, but also acknowledges the influence of plate tectonic drivers on the thermal history of regions undergoing deformation. Further studies are needed to fully understand the extent and synchronicity of erosional exhumation.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
M. E. van Zalinge, D. F. Mark, R. S. J. Sparks, M. M. Tremblay, C. B. Keller, F. J. Cooper, A. Rust
Summary: The generation of silicic magmas can result in granite pluton emplacement, explosive volcanic eruptions, and zoning of the continental and arc crust. While the timescales for silicic magma generation in the deeper and middle crust are prolonged, the transfer and eruption of magma into the upper crust are episodic and rapid. The ages of inherited zircons and sanidines from Miocene ignimbrites in the Central Andes reveal a time gap of 4.6 million years between pluton emplacement initiation and the onset of super-eruptions, with a cyclic pattern of 1 million years. The storage of inherited zircons and sanidine crystals at temperatures below 470 degrees Celsius in these plutons before their incorporation into ignimbrite magmas suggests a possible mechanism involving silicic melt segregation in a hot zone of the middle crust, with episodic melt ascent from an unstable layer at the top of this zone regulated by the rheology of the upper crust. The formation of large upper-crustal magma chambers can occur within a few thousand years or less through dike transport from the hot-zone melt layer after thermal incubation of growing plutons. The instability and disruption of previous plutonic rocks occur within a few decades or less prior to or during super-eruptions.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Aine Clare O'Brien, Lydia Jane Hallis, Clement Regnault, Douglas Morrison, Gavin Blackburn, Andrew Steele, Luke Daly, Alastair Tait, Marissa Marie Tremblay, Darcy E. P. Telenko, Jacqueline Gunn, Eleanor McKay, Nicola Mari, Mohammad Ali Salik, Philippa Ascough, Jaime Toney, Sammy Griffin, Phil Whitfield, Martin Lee
Summary: The detection of organic molecules is crucial in the search for extraterrestrial life. However, the identification of Martian organics in Martian meteorites is challenging due to low organic molecule abundance and terrestrial contamination. In this study, organic matter was extracted from the Lafayette Martian meteorite and analyzed, resulting in the detection of 224 metabolites at concentrations higher than procedural blanks. The presence of plant-derived metabolites suggests a possible semirural fall location, and the identification of a mycotoxin indicates a likely fall year of 1919.
Letter
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kalin T. McDannell, C. Brenhin Keller, William R. Guenthner, Peter K. Zeitler, David L. Shuster
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Rustin Domingos, Marissa M. Tremblay, David L. Shuster, Burkhard Militzer
ACS EARTH AND SPACE CHEMISTRY
(2020)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Cecile Gautheron, Peter K. Zeitler
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Marissa M. Tremblay, William S. Cassata