Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yiwen Yang, Christopher Kremslehner, Sophia Derdak, Christina Bauer, Sarah Jelleschitz, Ionela-Mariana Nagelreiter, Heidemarie Rossiter, Marie Sophie Narzt, Florian Gruber, Michaela Sochorova
Summary: Lack of autophagy in epidermal keratinocytes leads to alterations in lipid composition, including decreased accumulation of lipid storage materials and changes in chain length and saturation of fatty acids. These changes are associated with alterations in the expression and localization of lipid and fatty acid transporter proteins, indicating that maintaining autophagic activity may be essential for maintaining epidermal lipid homeostasis in mammals at an advanced age.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Patrick Tai, Matt Golding, Harjinder Singh, David Everett
Summary: The milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) has gained attention in nutritional sciences due to recent research on the heterogenous, lateral milk polar lipids assemblies. It has been discovered that these assemblies, enriched with sphingomyelin and cholesterol, can form a liquid-ordered (L-o) phase, challenging previous assumptions about milk fat digestion. This review critically examines the anticholesteremic effect of milk polar lipids, the structure and properties of L-o domains, and hypotheses on the interactions between sphingomyelin and cholesterol in the establishment of L-o structures.
FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bingen G. Monasterio, Noemi Jimenez-Rojo, Aritz B. Garcia-Arribas, Howard Riezman, Felix M. Goni, Alicia Alonso
Summary: The present study demonstrates that both genetic and chemical methods can effectively suppress the specific gene effect in CHO cells. The inhibition of sphingolipid synthesis in these cells led to biophysical changes in their plasma membranes, as observed through decreased sphingomyelin values and altered membrane molecular order and mechanical resistance. The agreement between results obtained with genetically modified cells and chemically treated cells reinforces the validity of both methods and their suitability for specific purposes.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Li Liang, Yu Liu, Junlong Zhu, Chaoting Wen, Xiaofang Liu, Jixian Zhang, Youdong Li, Guoyan Liu, Xin Xu
Summary: The emulsifying performance of glycerophospholipids alone is inferior to proteins, but the interaction with sphingomyelin and cholesterol can improve the stability and protective effect of emulsions.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Namrita Kaur, Laura Rodriguez de la Ballina, Havard Styrkestad Haukaas, Maria Lyngaas Torgersen, Maja Radulovic, Michael J. Munson, Alan Sabirsh, Harald Stenmark, Anne Simonsen, Sven R. Carlsson, Alf Hakon Lystad
Summary: Cells use noncanonical autophagy, called CASM, to label damaged intracellular compartments with ATG8 family proteins to signal danger. TECPR1-containing E3 complexes are key mediators of CASM activated by various drugs. TECPR1 retains E3 activity when ATG16L1 CASM activity is obstructed by SopF and is activated by damage-induced SM exposure.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anastasija Panevska, Nastja Cegovnik, Klavdija Fortuna, Alen Vukovic, Maja Grundner, Spela Modic, Gregor Bajc, Matej Skocaj, Martina Mravinec Bohte, Lara Larisa Poposek, Primoz Zigon, Jaka Razinger, Peter Veranic, Natasa Resnik, Kristina Sepcic
Summary: OlyA6 protein binds to cholesterol-complexed sphingomyelin and can label lipid rafts. It forms pores in insect midgut cell membranes and acts as a potent bioinsecticide when combined with pleurotolysin B. A point mutation (E69A) enhances the interaction of OlyA6 with sphingomyelin and CPE, allowing recognition of these sphingolipids even in the absence of cholesterol. However, the mutation does not improve its membrane-permeabilizing activity after addition of pleurotolysin B.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Zheqiong Tan, Yaru Zou, Man Zhu, Zhenzhao Luo, Tangwei Wu, Chao Zheng, Aqing Xie, Hui Wang, Shiqiang Fang, Shuiyi Liu, Yong Li, Zhongxin Lu
Summary: CPT1A is overexpressed in breast cancer and can be secreted out of breast cancer cells. Serum CPT1A levels are positively associated with breast cancer progression and metastasis, and show high diagnostic efficiency for breast cancer.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elisabetta Albi, Martina Mandarano, Samuela Cataldi, Maria Rachele Ceccarini, Federico Fiorani, Tommaso Beccari, Angelo Sidoni, Michela Codini
Summary: In this study, the effects of hypocholesterolemia and hypercholesterolemia on different types of human breast cancer cells were investigated. It was found that hypocholesterolemia inhibited cell growth and promoted the expression of certain genes, while hypercholesterolemia reversed these effects. Therefore, it is suggested that cholesterol levels should be controlled in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Eun-Bi Lim, Seungjoo Haam, Sang-Wha Lee
Summary: Sphingomyelin-based liposomes exhibited different loading and release behaviors of encapsulated drugs depending on cholesterol contents and polydopamine coating layer. The loading of hydrophobic ibuprofen increased with higher cholesterol contents, while the loading of hydrophilic acetaminophen decreased. The release rates of the drugs were affected by the cholesterol content and PDA coating, demonstrating potential for lipid-based nanocarriers in preclinical development.
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
(2021)
Correction
Oncology
Zheqiong Tan, Yaru Zou, Man Zhu, Zhenzhao Luo, Tangwei Wu, Chao Zheng, Aqing Xie, Hui Wang, Shiqiang Fang, Shuiyi Liu, Yong Li, Zhongxin Lu
Summary: A correction has been made to this paper and can be accessed through the original article.
Article
Microbiology
Heidi Wolfmeier, Samuel J. T. Wardell, Leo T. Liu, Reza Falsafi, Annette Draeger, Eduard B. Babiychuk, Daniel Pletzer, Robert E. W. Hancock
Summary: Engineered liposomes containing sphingomyelin and cholesterol can effectively neutralize toxins secreted by Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa, reducing the cytolytic effects and attenuating the infection in vivo. The liposomes sequester and neutralize the virulence-promoting hemolytic phospholipase C (PlcH), offering a potential therapy to treat complex infections caused by P. aeruginosa and other Gram-negative pathogens expressing PlcH.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Mauro Parimbelli, Elena Pezzotti, Massimo Negro, Luca Calanni, Silvia Allemano, Marco Bernardi, Angela Berardinelli, Giuseppe D'Antona
Summary: In this study, a 14-year-old female with inherited CPTII deficiency underwent a 6-month unsupervised exercise training program consisting of interval and resistance exercises. The results showed that the high-intensity short-duration exercise improved metabolism and aerobic fitness in this specific case of CPTII deficiency, with no reported muscle pain or rhabdomyolysis during the observation period.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Keith B. Boyle, Cara J. Ellison, Paul R. Elliott, Martina Schuschnig, Krista Grimes, Marc S. Dionne, Chihiro Sasakawa, Sean Munro, Sascha Martens, Felix Randow
Summary: Invasive bacteria can enter host cells and expose danger signals such as glycans and sphingomyelin to the cytosol through the rupture of bacteria-containing vacuoles. The receptor TECPR1 is identified as responsible for sensing and responding to cytosolically exposed sphingomyelin by recruiting ATG5 to mediate lipid conjugation of LC3. The specificity of the ATG5/ATG12-E3 ligase is conferred by interchangeable receptor subunits, ATG16L1 and TECPR1, resembling certain multi-subunit ubiquitin E3 ligases.
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Namrita Kaur, Sven R. Carlsson, Alf Hakon Lystad
Summary: Conjugation of ATG8 to single membranes (CASM) is a cellular process involving the attachment of ATG8 to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylserine (PS) on endolysosomal compartments. It has been discovered that TECPR1-containing ATG12-ATG5 E3 complexes can also facilitate CASM, in addition to the previously known ATG16L1-containing complexes, expanding our understanding of this pathway.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jin Wook Cha, Xing Jin, Sihyang Jo, Yong Jin An, Sunghyouk Park
Summary: Metabolomic isotopic tracing using NMR can provide valuable flux information for understanding drug mechanisms. The newly developed 2D heteronuclear NMR experiment allows for quantitative analysis of multiplets with high sensitivity and resolution. When applied to an old chemotherapeutic drug, it confirmed conventional mechanisms while also identifying a new metabolic pathway contributing to the drug's broad pharmacological activities.
Article
Hematology
Shuhui Wang Lorkowski, Gregory Brubaker, Kailash Gulshan, Jonathan D. Smith
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Seung Hoan Choi, Lu-Chen Weng, Carolina Roselli, Honghuang Lin, Christopher M. Haggerty, M. Benjamin Shoemaker, John Barnard, Dan E. Arking, Daniel I. Chasman, Christine M. Albert, Mark Chaffin, Nathan R. Tucker, Jonathan D. Smith, Namrata Gupta, Stacey Gabriel, Lauren Margolin, Marisa A. Shea, Christian M. Shaffer, Zachary T. Yoneda, Eric Boerwinkle, Nicholas L. Smith, Edwin K. Silverman, Susan Redline, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Esteban G. Burchard, Stephanie M. Gogarten, Cecelia Laurie, Thomas W. Blackwell, Goncalo Abecasis, David J. Carey, Brandon K. Fornwalt, Diane T. Smelser, Aris Baras, Frederick E. Dewey, Cashell E. Jaquish, George J. Papanicolaou, Nona Sotoodehnia, David R. Van Wagoner, Bruce M. Psaty, Sekar Kathiresan, Dawood Darbar, Alvaro Alonso, Susan R. Heckbert, Mina K. Chung, Dan M. Roden, Emelia J. Benjamin, Michael F. Murray, Kathryn L. Lunetta, Steven A. Lubitz, Patrick T. Ellinor
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2018)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Juying Han, Peggy Robinet, Brian Ritchey, Heather Andro, Jonathan D. Smith
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gregory Brubaker, Shuhui W. Lorkowski, Kailash Gulshan, Stanley L. Hazen, Valentin Gogonea, Jonathan D. Smith
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Valentin Gogonea, Judith Peters, Gary S. Gerstenecker, Celalettin Topbas, Liming Hou, Jerome Combet, Joseph A. DiDonato, Jonathan D. Smith, Kerry-Anne Rye, Stanley L. Hazen
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Peggy Robinet, Brian Ritchey, Shuhui Wang Lorkowski, Alexander M. Alzayed, Sophia DeGeorgia, Eve Schodowski, C. Alicia Traughber, Jonathan D. Smith
Summary: The study revealed a decreased lysosome function in DBA/2J compared to AKR/J mouse strain, with the identification of the Gpnmb gene as a key modifier of lysosome function.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biology
Brian Ritchey, Qimin Hai, Juying Han, John Barnard, Jonathan D. Smith
Summary: The study identified a single-nucleotide polymorphism in the 3' untranslated region of the Pycard gene in DBA/2 and AKR mice, leading to differences in inflammasome activity. Using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, the researchers changed the Pycard gene from the DBA/2 to the AKR allele, resulting in reduced inflammasome activity.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qimin Hai, Jonathan D. Smith
Summary: The purification and cloning of ACAT and SOAT genes have shed light on their importance in cholesterol metabolism, specifically in foam cell biology and intestinal lipid absorption. While clinical trials using ACAT inhibitors did not show benefits, genetic studies revealed SOAT1 variants are consistently linked to testosterone levels.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Emmanuel Opoku, Stela Berisha, Gregory Brubaker, Peggy Robinet, Jonathan D. Smith
Summary: Transgenic overexpression of apoA1 and the MPO resistant 4WF isoform can delay the progression of atherosclerosis and promote lesion regression in mouse models, with the 4WF isoform showing similar effectiveness in promoting lesion regression compared to the unmodified apoA1 isoform.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Juying Han, Brian Ritchey, Emmanuel Opoku, Jonathan D. Smith
Summary: Through the study of congenic strains, three atherosclerosis modifier gene regions named Ath28.1, Ath28.2, and Ath28.3 were successfully identified at the distal end of chromosome 2 in mice. The research suggests that even within a relatively small region of the mouse genome, there are multiple genes that influence susceptibility to atherosclerosis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shuhui Wang Lorkowski, Jonathan D. Smith
Summary: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels are inversely correlated with coronary heart disease (CHD), but the causal relationship between HDL and CHD is unclear. Recent studies have challenged the hypothesis that HDL is protective against CHD, but subsequent research suggests that specific HDL characteristics are causally related to decreased CHD. Different aspects of HDL structure and function may better indicate HDL's protective activity against CHD, beyond simply measuring HDL-C levels.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Valerie Chepp, Claire Baker, Sarah Kostiha, Jonathan D. Smith
Summary: This survey aimed to assess the satisfaction of Molecular Medicine PhD program graduates with their training program and subsequent employment. The survey results showed that most graduates were satisfied with the curriculum and training experiences, and they believed that the program prepared them well for their careers. As the program continues to evolve, there may be opportunities to incorporate additional skills into the curriculum and provide strong mentorship and clinical experiences to train students for diverse career trajectories.
Article
Hematology
Svetlana A. Didichenko, Elena Velkoska, Alexei V. Navdaev, Brandon H. Greene, Shuhui Wang Lorkowski, Danielle Duffy, Sojaita J. Mears, Samuel D. Wright, C. Michael Gibson, Jonathan D. Smith, Bronwyn A. Kingwell
Summary: CSL112 infusion enhances HDL functionality in patients with acute myocardial infarction by increasing APOA1 exchange rate and improving cholesterol efflux capacity. The study reveals that specific HDL subpopulations, especially SAA-poor HDL particles, are involved in HDL-APOA1 exchange. This suggests that CSL112 improves the functional status of HDL in post-acute myocardial infarction patients.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sojin Y. Wass, Jonathan D. Smith, Mina K. Chung
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Vincenzo Macri, Jennifer A. Brody, Dan E. Arking, William J. Hucker, Xiaoyan Yin, Honghuang Lin, Robert W. Mills, Moritz F. Sinner, Steven A. Lubitz, Ching-Ti Liu, Alanna C. Morrison, Alvaro Alonso, Ning Li, Vadim V. Fedorov, Paul M. Janssen, Joshua C. Bis, Susan R. Heckbert, Elena V. Dolmatova, Thomas Lumley, Colleen M. Sitlani, L. Adrienne Cupples, Sara L. Pulit, Christopher Newton-Cheh, John Barnard, Jonathan D. Smith, David R. Van Wagoner, Mina K. Chung, Gus J. Vlahakes, Christopher J. O'Donnell, Jerome I. Rotter, Kenneth B. Margulies, Michael P. Morley, Thomas P. Cappola, Emelia J. Benjamin, Donna Muzny, Richard A. Gibbs, Rebecca D. Jackson, Jared W. Magnani, Caroline N. Herndon, Stephen S. Rich, Bruce M. Psaty, David J. Milan, Eric Boerwinkle, Peter J. Mohler, Nona Sotoodehnia, Patrick T. Ellinor
CIRCULATION-GENOMIC AND PRECISION MEDICINE
(2018)