Article
Neurosciences
Tetsuya Tamaru, Kazu Kobayakawa, Hirokazu Saiwai, Daijiro Konno, Ken Kijima, Shingo Yoshizaki, Kazuhiro Hata, Hirotaka Iura, Gentaro Ono, Yohei Haruta, Kazuki Kitade, Kei-Ichiro Iida, Ken-Ichi Kawaguchi, Yoshihiro Matsumoto, Kensuke Kubota, Takeshi Maeda, Seiji Okada, Yasuharu Nakashima
Summary: Spinal cord injury causes different phenotypic changes in astrocytes, leading to glial scar formation. The characteristics of glial scars change over time, but scar-forming astrocytes have autonomous function to form and maintain glial scars.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaoyu Song, Wanfu Wu, Margaret Warner, Jan-Ake Gustafsson
Summary: This review discusses the role of liver X receptors (LXRs) in glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS). LXRs regulate genes involved in cholesterol homeostasis, inflammatory responses, and glutamate homeostasis. Studies on LXR knockout mice have shown that LXR beta is crucial for the health of various types of neurons in both CNS and peripheral nervous system. LXRs are also important for cerebrospinal fluid homeostasis. Despite the neurological deficits observed in LXR-deficient rodents, defective LXR signaling has only been identified in multiple sclerosis among human neurodegenerative diseases. Targeting LXRs in glial cells may hold potential for treating neurodegenerative diseases and disorders caused by abnormal neuronal migration during development.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yujuan Li, Mengxin Que, Xuan Wang, Gaofeng Zhan, Zhiqiang Zhou, Xiaoxiao Luo, Shiyong Li
Summary: Astrocytes, the most abundant cells in the brain, play a significant role in sleep regulation but their dysfunction may contribute to sleep disorders and increase the risk of other diseases. This review examines the role of astrocytes in sleep disorders, discusses potential mechanisms, and highlights the importance of further research.
Review
Immunology
Vinicius Gabriel Coutinho Costa, Sheila Espirito-Santo Araujo, Soniza Vieira Alves-Leon, Flavia Carvalho Alcantara Gomes
Summary: Inflammatory demyelinating diseases (IDDs) are a major cause of central nervous system (CNS) inflammation and neurodegeneration in young adult patients, with multiple sclerosis (MS) being the most common and studied disease. The understanding of the pathology mechanisms underlying IDD has advanced, but there is still a lack of effective treatments for the progressive symptoms and disability in the late stages. Glial cells have been identified as key players in lesion formation, remyelination, and synaptic dysfunction, making them potential targets for therapy development. This article discusses the involvement of glial cells in IDD, particularly in MS phenotypes, highlighting the importance of exploring glial-mediated mechanisms for future treatment strategies.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Sarah A. Neely, David A. Lyons
Summary: Glia are a diverse collection of cells that play essential roles in the nervous system. Recent advances in animal models, particularly using zebrafish, have provided important insights into the function and interactions of glial cells, contributing to our understanding of their complex roles in development and throughout life.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Dunja Bijelic, Marija Adzic, Mina Peric, Igor Jakovcevski, Eckart Foerster, Melitta Schachner, Pavle R. Andjus
Summary: The study found that different fragments of TnC can affect astrocyte proliferation and GFAP expression levels after spinal cord injury. These results may explain the delayed reaction of astrocytes and their localization to the injury site border to allow microglia/macrophages to form a lesion core during the initial stages of glial scar formation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Luise Schlotterose, Francois Cossais, Ralph Lucius, Kirsten Hattermann
Summary: Neuroinflammation is both a cause and an effect of neurodegenerative disorders. Activation of astrocytes and microglia leads to the release of cytokines and reactive oxygen species, causing blood-brain barrier leakage and neurotoxicity. This study focuses on cytokine-induced neuroinflammation in human microglia and astrocytes, and demonstrates how resveratrol can inhibit proinflammatory activation and promote returning to resting conditions. These findings contribute to understanding the mechanisms of neuroinflammation and potential treatment options.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Zongwei Li, Yaying Song, Tingting He, Ruoxue Wen, Yongfang Li, Tingting Chen, Shuxian Huang, Yongting Wang, Yaohui Tang, FanXia Shen, Heng-Li Tian, Guo-Yuan Yang, Zhijun Zhang
Summary: M2 microglial small extracellular vesicles decreased glial scar formation and promoted recovery after stroke through miR-124, inhibiting astrocyte proliferation and transforming them into neuronal progenitor cells. These vesicles also downregulated Notch 1 expression and upregulated Sox2 expression in astrocytes.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Byeong Gwan Song, Su Yeon Kwon, Jae Won Kyung, Eun Ji Roh, Hyemin Choi, Chang Su Lim, Seong Bae An, Seil Sohn, Inbo Han
Summary: Synaptic cell adhesion molecules (SynCAMs), specifically SynCAM3, play a crucial role in synapse formation and maintenance as well as synaptic plasticity regulation. Through its involvement in the connection between axons and astrocytes, SynCAM3 has been found to be associated with astrocytic scar formation following central nervous system (CNS) injuries. This study explores the impact of selective removal of SynCAM3 on spinal cord injury (SCI) outcomes, highlighting its role in the prevention of scar-forming astrocytes and promoting extracellular matrix (ECM) reconstitution, ultimately leading to improved functional recovery.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Daniel C. Lu, Zsolt Zador, Jinghua Yao, Farbod Fazlollahi, Geoffrey T. Manley
Summary: This study demonstrates a protective role of AQP4 in post-traumatic seizure susceptibility by promoting astrogliosis, formation of a glial scar, and preventing microgliosis.
JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Ana Bernal-Chico, Vanja Tepavcevic, Andrea Manterola, Carmen Utrilla, Carlos Matute, Susana Mato
Summary: This review summarizes the current understanding of the role and clinical relevance of endocannabinoid signaling in glial cells, as well as its therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative and chronic inflammatory disorders.
Article
Immunology
Barney Viengkhou, Melanie Y. White, Stuart J. Cordwell, Iain L. Campbell, Markus J. Hofer
Summary: The study reveals that protein phosphorylation plays an important role in mediating the effects of IFN-I, and IFN-I-induced protein phosphorylation is critical in the development of neurodegenerative diseases.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Tianbai Li, Xiang Tan, Song Li, Murad Al-Nusaif, Weidong Le
Summary: Extracellular vesicles play a crucial role in cell-to-cell communication in neurodegenerative diseases. The pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases involves interactions between neurons and glia, and glia-derived EVs may have dual effects on the disease.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Serena Stanga, Marina Boido, Pascal Kienlen-Campard
Summary: The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is a crucial interface between the nervous system and muscles, where the Glial cell line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (GDNF) plays a key role in synaptic formation, stabilization, and function, as well as in protecting the NMJ during neurodegeneration. GDNF also has unique properties that make it essential in neurodegenerative disorders. Research highlights the importance of GDNF in the NMJ-muscle interaction, and its therapeutic potential in diseases like Alzheimer's, ALS, and SMA. Additionally, 3D neuromuscular co-culture systems are being developed as models to study NMJ formation and involvement in neuromuscular disorders.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chengya Dong, Shaohong Wen, Shunying Zhao, Si Sun, Shangfeng Zhao, Wen Dong, Pingxin Han, Qingfang Chen, Ting Gong, Wentao Chen, Wenqian Liu, Xiangrong Liu
Summary: Salidroside has been shown to improve long-term functional outcomes in ischemic stroke by inhibiting reactive astrocyte proliferation, ameliorating glial scar formation, and potentially acting through the Akt/GSK-3 beta pathway.
NEUROCHEMICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Masaaki Ishikawa, Hiroe Ohnishi, Desislava Skerleva, Tatsunori Sakamoto, Norio Yamamoto, Akitsu Hotta, Juichi Ito, Takayuki Nakagawa
JOURNAL OF TISSUE ENGINEERING AND REGENERATIVE MEDICINE
(2017)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Harukazu Hiraumi, Shin-ichi Kanemaru, Makoto Miura, Norio Yamamoto, Tatsunori Sakamoto, Juichi Ito
EUROPEAN ARCHIVES OF OTO-RHINO-LARYNGOLOGY
(2017)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Toshio Ueda, Tatsunori Sakamoto, Masayoshi Kobayashi, Fumihiko Kuwata, Masaaki Ishikawa, Koichi Omori, Takayuki Nakagawa
AURIS NASUS LARYNX
(2019)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Norio Yamamoto, Takayuki Okano, Hiroshi Yamazaki, Harukazu Hiraumi, Tatsunori Sakamoto, Juichi Ito, Koichi Omori
OTOLOGY & NEUROTOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Tanaya Bardhan, Jing-Yi Jeng, Marco Waldmann, Federico Ceriani, Stuart L. Johnson, Jennifer Olt, Lukas Ruettiger, Walter Marcotti, Matthew C. Holley
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2019)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Fumihiko Kuwata, Masahiro Kikuchi, Masaaki Ishikawa, Masahiro Tanji, Tatsunori Sakamoto, Masaru Yamashita, Mami Matsunaga, Koichi Omori, Takayuki Nakagawa
AURIS NASUS LARYNX
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kazuya Ono, James Keller, Omar Lopez Ramirez, Antonia Gonzalez Garrido, Omid A. Zobeiri, Hui Ho Vanessa Chang, Sarath Vijayakumar, Andrianna Ayiotis, Gregg Duester, Charles C. Della Santina, Sherri M. Jones, Kathleen E. Cullen, Ruth Anne Eatock, Doris K. Wu
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2020)
Article
Developmental Biology
Kazuya Ono, Lisa L. Sandell, Paul A. Trainor, Doris K. Wu
Article
Neurosciences
Jing-Yi Jeng, Federico Ceriani, Jennifer Olt, Steve D. M. Brown, Matthew C. Holley, Michael R. Bowl, Stuart L. Johnson, Walter Marcotti
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Jing-Yi Jeng, Adam J. Carlton, Stuart L. Johnson, Steve D. M. Brown, Matthew C. Holley, Michael R. Bowl, Walter Marcotti
Summary: The study compared age-related changes in inner hair cells (IHCs) in four mouse strains with different levels of progressive hearing loss. It found that the surface area of IHCs decreased with age, and the number of BK channels decreased in most mouse strains. The study also showed that the mechanoelectrical transducer (MET) current significantly decreased in mice with the Cdh23(ahl) allele, suggesting a direct contribution to age-related hearing loss progression.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Yuhei Matsuda, Tatsuo Okui, Masaaki Karino, Noriaki Aoi, Satoe Okuma, Kenji Hayashida, Tatsunori Sakamoto, Takahiro Kanno
Summary: This study comprehensively evaluated the oral function of patients with oral cancer after treatment, and classified postoperative oral dysfunction into three types, each of which may present with different pathologies.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Masahiro Tanji, Yohei Mineharu, Masahiro Kikuchi, Takayuki Nakagawa, Tatsunori Sakamoto, Masaru Yamashita, Mami Matsunaga, Fumihiko Kuwata, Yuji Kitada, Yukinori Terada, Yoshiki Arakawa, Kazumichi Yoshida, Hiroharu Kataoka, Susumu Miyamoto
Summary: Intraoperative cerebrospinal fluid leak by Esposito grade is associated with postoperative diabetes insipidus (DI).
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yuhei Matsuda, Isami Kumakura, Tatsuo Okui, Masaaki Karino, Noriaki Aoi, Satoe Okuma, Mayu Takeda, Kenji Hayashida, Tatsunori Sakamoto, Takahiro Kanno
Summary: The Postoperative Oral Dysfunction Scale (POD-10) developed in this study showed high internal consistency and reproducibility in patients with oral cancer, with significant correlations with other assessment tools, making it a simple diagnostic tool for postoperative oral dysfunction assessment.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Takayuki Okano, Tatsunori Sakamoto, Seiji Ishikawa, Susumu Sakamoto, Masanobu Mizuta, Yuji Kitada, Keisuke Mizuno, Hideki Hayashi, Youichi Suzuki, Takashi Nakano, Koichi Omori
Summary: EAW effectively disinfects flexible endoscopes used in clinical otorhinolaryngology, killing bacteria and inactivating common SARS-CoV-2 virus.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Tatsuya Katsuno, Inna A. Belyantseva, Alexander X. Cartagena-Rivera, Keisuke Ohta, Shawn M. Crump, Ronald S. Petralia, Kazuya Ono, Risa Tona, Ayesha Imtiaz, Atteeq Rehman, Hiroshi Kiyonari, Mari Kaneko, Ya-Xian Wang, Takaya Abe, Makoto Ikeya, Cristina Fenollar-Ferrer, Gavin P. Riordan, Elisabeth A. Wilson, Tracy S. Fitzgerald, Kohei Segawa, Koichi Omori, Juichi Ito, Gregory Frolenkov, Thomas B. Friedman, Shin-ichiro Kitajiri