Article
Quantum Science & Technology
G. S. Castro, R. Ramos
Summary: In quantum key distribution protocols, eavesdropper activities can be detected by analyzing the randomness of the bit sequence obtained by Bob after a slight modification of the BB84 QKD protocol. The research suggests that using disentropy to measure the randomness of signals can enhance security in QKD setups. A second eavesdropping detection strategy is proposed to further improve the security of QKD systems by distinguishing between errors caused by eavesdroppers and those by imperfections in the optical channel and optoelectronic devices.
QUANTUM INFORMATION PROCESSING
(2022)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Alexandre J. M. Antunes, Alessandro C. Goncalves, Aquilino S. Martinez
Summary: This paper investigates the analytical solution problem of the modified Doppler Broadening Function using Tsallis statistics. By simplifying the integral equation into an approximate differential equation and solving it using Tsallis statistics, the results show that the obtained analytical solution has satisfactory deviations compared to numerical reference values in most domains.
PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Matteo Cornacchia, Gabriele Moser, Ezio Saturno, Andrea Trucco, Paola Costamagna
Summary: This article introduces the development of innovative membrane filtration plants for municipal wastewaters and emphasizes the importance of reliable filtration models in the designing phase. The experimental particle size distribution (PSD) of two wastewater samples is reported using the laser diffraction technique. A comparative analysis is conducted to fit the experimental PSDs using various probability density functions (PDFs), and the three-parameter lognormal and Burr PDFs are found to provide satisfactory fitting.
ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY & INNOVATION
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Chunlong Huang, Wenwen Zhou, Qian Cheng, Ran Cao
Summary: This paper investigates the amplitude distribution characteristics of water entry sound to develop a detection method based on probability distribution function change. The results show that water entry sound exhibits significant non-Gaussian characteristics, and the stable distribution model is more suitable than the normal distribution model for water entry noise. The characteristic exponent a plays a crucial role in describing the probability distribution function of water entry sound.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Zahra Ramezani, Ahmad Pourdarvish
Summary: Transfer learning based on Tsallis entropy is proposed for object detection and image classification, showing higher accuracy and less loss compared to traditional cross entropy. Comparative analysis on different datasets demonstrates the superior performance of the proposed method. The efficiency of the approach is also verified through its application in Gravity Spy.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Sergio Luiz E. F. da Silva, Joao M. de Araujo, Gilberto Corso
Summary: Full-waveform inversion is a powerful methodology for estimating subsurface physical parameters. This study proposes an alternative misfit function based on the Laplace distribution to mitigate the sensitivity of FWI to spurious measurements, showing superior performance compared to classical FWI in experiments.
PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Guangwei Zhang, Ping Li, Guolin Li, Ruili Jia
Summary: With the continuous advancement of electronic technology, terahertz technology has been gradually applied in radar systems. This paper studies the statistical characteristics of amplitude distribution of terahertz radar clutter, uses selected axial integral bispectrum feature for radar glancing angle recognition with a recognition rate of 91%, and verifies the wide applicability of the selected feature.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Md Arafat Islam, Hong Qi, Ya-Tao Ren, Jun-You Zhang
Summary: An experimental model and numerical scheme are proposed for simultaneous identification of arbitrary shape particle size distribution (PSD) and its non-sphericity using multi-wavelength transmittance signals. The parameters retrieved by this method show good agreement with the original values, even under high noise conditions.
MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mine Koprulu, Yajie Zhao, Eleanor Wheeler, Liang Dong, Nuno Rocha, Chen Li, John D. Griffin, Satish Patel, Marcel Van de Streek, Craig A. Glastonbury, Isobel D. Stewart, Felix R. Day, Jian'an Luan, Nicholas Bowker, Laura B. L. Wittemans, Nicola D. Kerrison, Lina Cai, Debora M. E. Lucarelli, Ines Barroso, Mark McCarthy, Robert A. Scott, Vladimir Saudek, Kerrin S. Small, Nicholas J. Wareham, Robert K. Semple, John R. B. Perry, Stephen O'Rahilly, Luca A. Lotta, Claudia Langenberg, David B. Savage
Summary: Rare loss-of-function variants in PLIN1, INSR, ACVR1C, and PDE3B are associated with improved metabolic phenotypes and reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, while loss-of-function variants in PLIN4 have adverse health consequences.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Loren Skudder-Hill, Ivana R. Sequeira, Jaelim Cho, Juyeon Ko, Sally D. Poppitt, Maxim S. Petrov
Summary: The distribution of intrapancreatic fat in different regions of the pancreas is associated with diabetes, particularly the fat deposition in the tail and body regions is linked to insulin resistance. This finding is important for early identification of patients at risk for insulin resistance and related diseases.
Article
Engineering, Geological
Xiaowei Wang
Summary: This study utilized field case history data from different regions to develop empirical probability distribution models for soil-layer thicknesses of liquefiable ground, and found that the lognormal distribution is appropriate. Means and standard deviations of the established models for regions such as China, Japan, New Zealand, and the US have been tabulated for ease of implementation.
JOURNAL OF GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Marcelo Silva, Giovanni L. de Stefani, Guilherme Guedes, Daniel A. P. Palma
Summary: This paper presents a method for establishing an equivalence relationship between the Doppler Broadening Function based on the Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution and the Deformed Doppler Broadening Function. The proposed method allows a precise calculation of the Maxwellian Doppler Broadening Function and uses a genetic algorithm technique for parameterization. The results obtained were accurate and reliable.
ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Electrochemistry
Jaeyoo Choi, Eunsoo Kim, Yohan Cha, Masoomeh Ghasemi, Hyunchul Ju
Summary: This study presents a new approach for modeling the size distribution of platinum (Pt) particles in the catalyst layer (CL) of polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells. The approach randomly distributes Pt particles with different sizes in a computational domain and uses a large number of grid points to simulate the size distribution similar to that in a real CL. Simulation results demonstrate the significant impact of nonuniform Pt particle size distribution on the performance of fuel cells.
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Christian Luetke Stetzkamp, Tsanko Vaskov Tsankov, Uwe Czarnetzki
Summary: Retarding field energy analyzers are used for determining ion distribution, with limitations in accuracy due to the need for first derivative calculations. Combining a commercial energy analyzer with lock-in detection and AC modulation allows for improved dynamic range. Challenges, theoretical motivation, and potential improvements of the technique are discussed.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
(2021)
Review
Physiology
Kristoffer Jensen Kolnes, Maria Houborg Petersen, Teodor Lien-Iversen, Kurt Hojlund, Jorgen Jensen
Summary: Excessive abdominal fat in obesity increases the risk of metabolic disorders, and physical activity, particularly high-intensity interval training, is recommended for prevention and treatment. High-intensity exercise utilizes carbohydrates as the main energy source and can reduce fat mass despite lower fat oxidation levels.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
