Article
Mathematics, Applied
Sangeeta Saha, G. P. Samanta
Summary: In this study, a predator-prey model incorporating anti-predator behavior of prey species and a strong Allee effect is proposed. The dynamics of the system are observed with both generalist and specialist predators. It is found that low rates of anti-predation behavior have limited impact on predator growth, while higher rates result in a decrease in predator population. Additionally, the existence of bifurcations, both one-dimensional and two-dimensional, is observed around steady states by varying parameters.
Article
Mathematics
Zhenglong Chen, Shunjie Li, Xuebing Zhang
Summary: This paper studies the dynamics of a delayed reaction-diffusion predator-prey system incorporating the effects of fear and anti-predator behavior. The global attractor and local stability of positive equilibria are analyzed using the mathematical model. The Hopf bifurcation induced by time delay is also investigated. Numerical simulations are conducted to validate the theoretical analysis.
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Bingtao Han, Daqing Jiang
Summary: This paper examines a stochastic prey-predator system with fear effect and general anti-predator behavior. A p-stochastic threshold method is proposed to tackle the impact of stochastic perturbations, and a quasi-carrying capacity is defined. The existence and uniqueness of the stationary distribution of the system are established, and the approximate expression of the probability density function is derived. The extinction of prey and predator populations is also studied.
CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Aytul Gokce
Summary: This paper investigates a predator-prey model incorporating Allee effect and intraspecific competition with fading memory. The study finds that the rate of past influence plays an important role in the dynamics of both species.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL PLUS
(2022)
Article
Mathematics
Wenqi Zhang, Dan Jin, Ruizhi Yang
Summary: A diffusive predator-prey model with a memory effect in predator and anti-predator behaviour in prey is studied in this paper. The stability of the coexisting equilibrium and the existence of Hopf bifurcation are analyzed by studying the distribution of characteristic roots. The property of Hopf bifurcation is investigated using the theory of the centre manifold and normal form method. Through numerical simulations, it is observed that the parameters of anti-predator behaviour (eta), memory-based diffusion coefficient (d), and memory delay (tau) can affect the stability of the coexisting equilibrium under certain parameters and cause spatially inhomogeneous oscillation of prey and predator's densities.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Lingshu Wang, Mei Zhang, Meizhi Jia
Summary: The study examines a predator-prey model with stage structure for the prey and anti-predator behavior, incorporating a time delay due to the gestation of the predator. Analysis of characteristic equations establishes local stability of feasible equilibria and existence of Hopf bifurcations. Sufficient conditions for global stability of different equilibria are obtained using Lyapunov functionals and LaSalle's invariance principle, with numerical simulations illustrating theoretical results.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANALYSIS AND COMPUTATION
(2021)
Article
Biology
Murielle Alund, Brooke Harper, Sigurlaug Kjaernested, Julian E. Ohl, John G. Phillips, Jessica Sattler, Jared Thompson, Javier E. Varg, Sven Wargenau, Janette W. Boughman, Jason Keagy
Summary: This study investigates the anti-predator behavior of Icelandic threespine sticklebacks in low-visibility environments. The results show that fish have different reactions to different predator cues and are greatly influenced by lighting conditions. Fish from highland lakes react fastest to mechano-visual cues and exhibit the highest activity levels.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Sangeeta Saha, Debgopal Sahoo, Guruprasad Samanta
Summary: In the context of foraging behaviour, a species can be classified as a generalist or a specialist based on the breadth of their diet. Specialist species have a restricted diet and occupy a much narrower niche, whereas generalist species consume a wide range of resources and thrive in a variety of habitats. Our analyses reveal that the only species that may suffer extinction possibility are the specialist predators.
MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTERS IN SIMULATION
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Ming Kang, Fengjie Geng, Ming Zhao
Summary: In this paper, a stochastic predator-prey model with anti-predator behavior is proposed and studied. The existence and uniqueness of the global positive solution of the system are proven by constructing a suitable Lyapunov function, combined with Ito's formula and the stochastic comparison theorem. The stochastic boundedness of the system is established, and the asymptotic behavior of the solution which fluctuates around the equilibrium point of the deterministic model is discussed. Moreover, sufficient conditions for the persistence and extinction of the predator and prey are provided. Finally, the results obtained in this paper are verified by numerical simulation, and the anti-predator behavior and stochastic perturbation are analyzed as well.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANALYSIS AND COMPUTATION
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Yan Zhang, Shujing Gao, Shihua Chen
Summary: In this paper, a stochastic eco-epidemiological predator-prey model is presented and analyzed, investigating the influence of anti-predator behavior due to fear induced from predators. Through mathematical analysis, important results regarding the model have been obtained.
APPLIED MATHEMATICS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Biology
Costanza Zanghi, Milly Munro, Christos C. Ioannou
Summary: Climate change is causing increasing temperatures and extreme weather, disrupting water flow in freshwater habitats. This, along with eutrophication and sedimentation from human activities, is making freshwater more turbid and warmer. The interaction between increased temperature and turbidity has not been explored in terms of its effect on predator-prey behavior. A study on guppy shoals and their natural predator, the blue acara, found that the prey and predator were closest in warmer, turbid water, and the effect of the two stressors was greater than additive. This can increase the risk of predation for the guppy, suggesting that elevated temperature and turbidity may favor predators over prey.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Zongmin Yue, Jiao Wang
Summary: The study establishes a pest management model considering using sterile insect release to induce the mate-finding Allee effect in pest populations, along with natural enemies and insecticide spraying. Numerical simulations show that adding the mate-finding Allee effect can reduce pesticide demand significantly and decrease environmental damage, compared to traditional approaches. Additionally, the model with time delay can alter the stability of equilibrium points and enhance pest extinction.
MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN THE APPLIED SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Surajit Debnath, Prahlad Majumdar, Susmita Sarkar, Uttam Ghosh
Summary: Memory of past events is crucial for the survival of species in an ecosystem as it aids in finding food, escaping predators, group defense, and future environmental adaptation. This paper presents a two-dimensional prey-predator model formulated using fractional order differential equations to explore the impact of ecological effects on the system in the presence of memory. The study examines the existence, uniqueness, non-negativity, and boundedness of system solutions, as well as the feasibility and stability conditions of different equilibrium points. It is found that memory effect stabilizes the system and enhances the positive effects of considered ecological factors.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Qing Yang, Xinhong Zhang, Daqing Jiang, Mingguang Shao
Summary: This paper investigates a stochastic predator-prey model with weak Allee effect and Holling-(n+1) functional response. Firstly, the existence of unique global positive solution to the model is verified, and the boundedness of the theta-th moment of the solution is studied. Secondly, the corresponding one-dimensional model is investigated, and the explicit density function of the solution is obtained. Then, a new technique is adopted to establish a sufficient and almost necessary condition for the existence of the unique ergodic stationary distribution and extinction based on the results of the one-dimensional system and a series of appropriate Lyapunov functions. Next, the dynamical behavior of the model with Markovian switching is analyzed and some main conclusions are derived. Finally, numerical simulations are conducted to illustrate the theoretical results.
COMMUNICATIONS IN NONLINEAR SCIENCE AND NUMERICAL SIMULATION
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Peyton A. Rather, Abigail E. Herzog, David A. Ernst, Erica L. Westerman
Summary: The study found that social experience can influence male mate preference in the butterfly Heliconius melpomene, which has implications for the speciation of butterfly species.
Article
Entomology
Jan Supina, Jindriska Bojkova, David S. Boukal
Summary: The study shows that indirect ecological feedbacks and food quality, rather than the direct effects of a stressful environment, may play a dominant role in influencing the reproductive output of acid-tolerant species like Leptophlebia vespertina in freshwater habitats.
ECOLOGICAL ENTOMOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Pavel R. Soukup, Joacim Naslund, Johan Hojesjo, David S. Boukal
Summary: Habitat complexity influences aquatic ecosystems at multiple levels but there are research gaps and limitations hindering a full synthesis of its effects. High-resolution studies and consideration of ecological feedback are needed to better understand the role of habitat complexity in aquatic communities and ecosystems. Future research should focus on non-linear responses and incorporate multi-level experiments and monitoring to improve our knowledge in this area.
WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-WATER
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Martin Smid, Ludek Berec, Lenka Pribylova, Ondrej Majek, Tomas Pavlik, Jiri Jarkovsky, Jakub Weiner, Tamara Barusova, Jan Trnka
Summary: The effectiveness of vaccines and post-infection immunity against the Omicron variant is lower than against the Delta variant. Recent vaccination still brings substantial protection against severe outcomes for the Omicron variant.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ludek Berec, Rene Levinsky, Jakub Weiner, Martin Smid, Roman Neruda, Petra Vidnerova, Gabriela Suchoparova
Summary: This study examines the impact of delaying the second vaccine dose on the COVID-19 epidemic, and finds that a 21-day inter-dose period is preferable in the early stage of infection, while a 42-day interval is more favorable in the late stage of infection.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jan Kodada, David S. Boukal, Peter Vdacny, Katarina Goffova, Kamila Ondrejkova
Summary: Describes a new species of riffle beetle (Coleoptera, Elmidae) discovered in Kelabit Highlands and Sapulut environment, discusses its differences from other species and its systematic position based on phylogenetic analysis.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF TAXONOMY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Ludek Berec, Jan Smycka, Rene Levinsky, Eva Hromadkova, Michal Soltes, Josef Slerka, Vit Tucek, Jan Trnka, Martin Smid, Milan Zajicek, Tomas Diviak, Roman Neruda, Petra Vidnerova
Summary: This study developed an age-structured epidemic model to analyze the first wave of Covid-19 in the Czech Republic. The findings suggest that implementing a lockdown four days earlier could prevent half of the confirmed cases by the end of the lockdown period. Personal protective measures, such as wearing face masks, are more effective than reducing social contacts. The strategy of only protecting the elderly is not effective, and keeping schools open is risky.
BULLETIN OF MATHEMATICAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Letter
Immunology
Martin Smid, Ludek Berec, Jan Trnka
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Letter
Immunology
Martin Smid, Ludek Berec, Jan Trnka
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ludek Berec, Martin Smid, Lenka Pribylova, Ondrej Majek, Tomas Pavlik, Jiri Jarkovsky, Milan Zajicek, Jakub Weiner, Tamara Barusova, Jan Trnka
Summary: Studies in Czech Republic show that the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines declines after 7-8 months, with a decrease in protection against infection, hospitalization, and death. Boosters are found to restore the original vaccine effectiveness, and post-infection immunity also diminishes over time.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Dilvin Yilcin, Gulce Yalcin, Boris Jovanovic, David S. Boukal, Lucie Vebrova, Derya Riha, Jelena Stankovic, Dimitrija Savic Zdrakovic, Melisa Metin, Yasmin Naz Akyurek, Deniz Balkanl, Nur Filiz, Djuradj Milosevic, Heidrun Feuchtmayr, Jessica A. Richardson, Meryem Beklioglu
Summary: The impacts of microplastics (MP) on freshwater lake ecosystems and food webs were examined. Results showed that the ingestion of MP by zooplankton was mainly limited to large-bodied Daphnia, leading to a decrease in biomass. Atrophic transfer of MP was observed through the presence of MP in the faecal pellets of odonate larvae. Despite the low impact on biomass transfer and emergence patterns, the experiment provided the first in situ observation of MP transfer to terrestrial ecosystems by emerging chironomids.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Michaela Masilkova, David Boukal, Hayley Ash, Hannah M. Buchanan-Smith, Martina Konecna
Summary: Animal personality can affect reproductive performance, as demonstrated in captive common marmosets. Female personality traits significantly influence inter-birth intervals and fecundity rates, while male traits have limited effects on reproductive success.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sandip Tapkir, David Boukal, Lukas Kalous, Daniel Barton, Allan T. Souza, Vojtech Kolar, Katerina Soukalova, Claire Duchet, Milan Gottwald, Marek Smejkal
Summary: Invasive alien species, such as the Carassius gibelio, pose a serious threat to the native biodiversity, particularly the native crucian carp (Carassius carassius) in European waters. This study identified resource competition as a possible ecological mechanism for the rapid decline of the crucian carp, with the invasive species demonstrating better food utilization and competitive abilities. The research combined field studies and controlled experiments to compare the growth patterns and food utilization between the two species, providing novel support for the hypothesis that the decline of the crucian carp is caused by the introduction and spread of the Carassius gibelio.
AQUATIC CONSERVATION-MARINE AND FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Peter Lenart, Julie Bienertova-Vasku, Ludek Berec
Summary: Genetic drift is a basic evolutionary principle that randomly changes allele frequencies, and it can be mitigated by learning or other processes to prevent loss of genetic diversity. This finding is important not only for basic evolutionary theory, but also for other fields.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Fabian M. Mollet, Katja Enberg, David S. Boukal, Adriaan D. Rijnsdorp, Ulf Dieckmann
Summary: Sexual size dimorphism is caused by differences in selection pressures and life-history trade-offs faced by males and females. Two mechanisms, namely male reproductive behavior and diminishing returns on male reproductive investments, can account for female-biased sexual size dimorphism in North Sea plaice. Observations suggest that higher investments in male reproductive behavior require increased energy acquisition, leading to a delay in maturation and contradicting male-biased sexual size dimorphism. However, diminishing returns on male reproductive investments alone can qualitatively explain the observed sexual size dimorphism, although the quantitative match is imperfect.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Samuel Dijoux, Noemie A. Pichon, Arnaud Sentis, David S. Boukal
Summary: This study investigates how species invasions affect the structure, diversity, and stability of simple communities, and predicts the factors influencing invasion success and consequences. The results suggest that warm and productive habitats are more susceptible to successful invasions, with smaller competitors, intraguild predators, and relatively small top predators being the most successful invaders. Additionally, successful invasions can either destabilize or stabilize community dynamics, depending on the environmental conditions and the trophic position of the invader.
Article
Biology
Iain Hunter, Raz Leib
Summary: Natural movement is related to health, but it is difficult to measure. Existing methods cannot capture the full range of natural movement. Comparing movement across different species helps identify common biomechanical and computational principles. Developing a system to quantify movement in freely moving animals in natural environments and relating it to life quality is crucial. This study proposes a theoretical framework based on movement ability and validates it in Drosophila.
JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biology
Andy Gardner
Summary: Fisher's geometric model is a useful tool for predicting key properties of Darwinian adaptation, and here it is applied to predict differences between the evolution of altruistic versus nonsocial phenotypes. The results suggest that the effect size maximizing probability of fixation is smaller in the context of altruism and larger in the context of nonsocial phenotypes, leading to lower overall probability of fixation for altruism and higher overall probability of fixation for nonsocial phenotypes.
JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biology
Thomas F. Pak, Joe Pitt-Francis, Ruth E. Baker
Summary: Cell competition is a process where cells interact in multicellular organisms to determine a winner or loser status, with loser cells being eliminated through programmed cell death. The winner cells then populate the tissue. The outcome of cell competition is context-dependent, as the same cell type can win or lose depending on the competing cell type. This paper proposes a mathematical framework to study the emergence of winner or loser status, highlighting the role of active cell death and identifying the factors that drive cell competition in a cell-based modeling context.
JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biology
Haruto Tomizuka, Yuuya Tachiki
Summary: Batesian mimicry is a strategy in which palatable prey species resemble unpalatable prey species to avoid predation. The evolution of this mimicry plays a crucial role in protecting the unpalatable species from extinction.
JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biology
Jason W. Olejarz, Martin A. Nowak
Summary: Gene drive technology shows potential for population control, but its release may have unpredictable consequences. The study suggests that the failure of suppression is a natural outcome, and there are complex dynamics among wild populations.
JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biology
Hamid Ravaee, Mohammad Hossein Manshaei, Mehran Safayani, Javad Salimi Sartakhti
Summary: Gene expression analysis is valuable for cancer classification and phenotype identification. IP3G, based on Generative Adversarial Networks, enhances gene expression data and discovers phenotypes in an unsupervised manner. By converting gene expression profiles into images and utilizing IP3G, new phenotype profiles can be generated, improving classification accuracy.
JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biology
Beatrix Rahnsch, Leila Taghizadeh
Summary: This study forecasts the evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany using a network-based inference method and compares it with other approaches. The results show that the network-inference based approach outperforms other methods in short-to mid-term predictions, even with limited information about the new disease. Furthermore, predictions based on the estimation of the reproduction number in Germany can yield more reliable results with increasing data availability, but still cannot surpass the network-inference based algorithm.
JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biology
Rongsheng Huang, Qiaojun Situ, Jinzhi Lei
Summary: Maintaining tissue homeostasis requires appropriate regulation of stem cell differentiation. Random inheritance of epigenetic states plays a pivotal role in stem cell differentiation. This computational model provides valuable insights into the intricate mechanism governing stem cell differentiation and cell reprogramming, offering a promising path for enhancing the field of regenerative medicine.
JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biology
Patrick Vincent N. Lubenia, Eduardo R. Mendoza, Angelyn R. Lao
Summary: This study compares insulin signaling in healthy and type 2 diabetes states using reaction network analysis. The results show similarities and differences between the two conditions, providing insights into the mechanisms of insulin resistance, including the involvement of other complexes, less restrictive interplay between species, and loss of concentration robustness in GLUT4.
JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biology
Nuverah Mohsin, Heiko Enderling, Renee Brady-Nicholls, Mohammad U. Zahid
Summary: Mathematical modeling is crucial in understanding radiobiology and designing treatment approaches in radiotherapy for cancer. This study compares three tumor volume dynamics models and analyzes the implications of model selection. A new metric, the point of maximum reduction of tumor volume (MRV), is introduced to quantify the impact of radiotherapy. The results emphasize the importance of caution in selecting models of response to radiotherapy due to the artifacts imposed by each model.
JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biology
Armindo Salvador
Summary: Michael Savageau's Biochemical Systems Analysis papers have had a significant impact on Systems Biology, generating core concepts and tools. This article provides a brief summary of these papers and discusses the most relevant developments in Biochemical Systems Theory since their publication.
JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL BIOLOGY
(2024)