Glaucoma

Glaucoma is a multifactorial degenerative optic neuropathy that can progress at variable rates and afflict all age groups. It is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide. The disease is commonly divided into 2 major subtypes, open angle and angle closure. Diagnosis of glaucoma is made by a combination of identifying characteristic changes of the optic nerve, functional testing such as visual fields, and structural imaging of the optic nerve. Management is aimed at reducing intraocular pressure (IOP). Patients with known risk factors should be referred to an ophthalmologist for complete evaluation.