Article
Neurosciences
Daisuke Koketsu, Satomi Chiken, Tatsuhiro Hisatsune, Shigehiro Miyachi, Atsushi Nambu
Summary: This study used a photodynamic technique to selectively eliminate the cortico-subthalamo projection in male mice, and found that after elimination, cortically evoked early excitation in the substantia nigra pars reticulata was diminished, while the cortically evoked inhibition and late excitation delivered through the direct and indirect pathways remained unchanged. In addition, locomotor activity was significantly increased after bilateral cortico-subthalamo elimination.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Anatomy & Morphology
Clayton S. Bingham, Mikkel V. Petersen, Martin Parent, Cameron C. McIntyre
Summary: The hyperdirect pathway (HDP) is an important glutamatergic input to the subthalamic nucleus (STN), allowing modulation of basal ganglia activity by the motor and prefrontal cerebral cortex. Activation of the motor HDP is crucial for therapeutic deep brain stimulation (DBS), while unintended activation of the prefrontal HDP may cause cognitive side effects. Generative modeling methods show promise in understanding the complexities of the HDP.
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Angela M. Noecker, Anneke M. Frankemolle-Gilbert, Bryan Howell, Mikkel V. Petersen, Sinem Balta Beylergil, Aasef G. Shaikh, Cameron C. McIntyre
Summary: This article describes the approach and methods for evolving the StimVision software platform to meet the technical demands of connectomic DBS modeling in the subthalamic region. StimVision v2 implemented two key technological advances, including application of anatomical axonal pathway models to patient-specific DBS models and a novel driving-force method to estimate the response of axonal pathways to DBS.
Article
Neurosciences
Clayton S. Bingham, Cameron C. McIntyre
Summary: This study used biophysical models to investigate the recruitment pathways and conduction latencies of the hyperdirect pathway (HDP) in response to subthalamic deep brain stimulation (DBS). The results suggest that HDP activation is influenced by complex axonal branching in the subthalamic nucleus (STN). These findings provide valuable information for linking HDP activation with evoked potentials (EPs) recorded in clinical experiments.
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Clayton S. Bingham, Martin Parent, Cameron C. McIntyre
Summary: The study aimed to establish a population model of motor HDP axons by applying generative algorithms constrained by recent histology and imaging data, laying an anatomical foundation for better understanding the role of the HDP in motor system activity.
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2021)
Article
Biology
Jonathan S. Schor, Isabelle Gonzalez Montalvo, Perry W. E. Spratt, Rea J. Brakaj, Jasmine A. Stansil, Emily L. Twedell, Kevin J. Bender, Alexandra B. Nelson
Summary: This study investigated the therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms of subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN DBS) in Parkinson's disease mice. The results suggest that STN DBS exerts its therapeutic effects through disrupting movement-related activity in the subthalamic nucleus. These findings provide new insights for optimizing Parkinson's disease treatments and offer an approach for studying deep brain stimulation in other neuropsychiatric conditions.
Article
Cell Biology
Ahmed Jorge, Witold J. Lipski, Dengyu Wang, Donald J. Crammond, Robert S. Turner, R. Mark Richardson
Summary: This study provides evidence for the involvement of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in speech production and highlights the unique connections between the inferior frontal gyms and the STN. The findings suggest that these connections may be specific to humans and have evolved alongside the development of speech.
Article
Biology
Dennis London, Arash Fazl, Kalman Katlowitz, Marisol Soula, Michael H. Pourfar, Alon Y. Mogilner, Roozbeh Kiani
Summary: The study found that activity in the subthalamic nucleus decreased during action switches, contrary to current theories. Additionally, beta oscillations associated with movement inhibition did not show increased power or spiking entrainment during switches. The research also revealed the presence of two distinct population neural codes in the subthalamic nucleus.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Estefania Hernandez-Martin, Maral Kasiri, Sumiko Abe, Jennifer Maclean, Joffre Olaya, Mark Liker, Jason Chu, Terence D. Sanger
Summary: The rate model of basal ganglia function predicts that muscle activity in dystonia is due to disinhibition of thalamus resulting from decreased inhibitory input from pallidum. We seek to test this hypothesis in children with dyskinetic cerebral palsy undergoing evaluation for deep brain stimulation (DBS) to analyze movement-related activity in different brain regions. The results revealed prominent beta-band frequency peaks in the globus pallidus interna (GPi), ventral oralis anterior/posterior (VoaVop) subnuclei of the thalamus, and subthalamic nucleus (STN) during movement but not at rest.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexandre Boutet, Radhika Madhavan, Gavin J. B. Elias, Suresh E. Joel, Robert Gramer, Manish Ranjan, Vijayashankar Paramanandam, David Xu, Jurgen Germann, Aaron Loh, Suneil K. Kalia, Mojgan Hodaie, Bryan Li, Sreeram Prasad, Ailish Coblentz, Renato P. Munhoz, Jeffrey Ashe, Walter Kucharczyk, Alfonso Fasano, Andres M. Lozano
Summary: This study investigates the use of fMRI to predict optimal stimulation settings for Parkinson's disease patients undergoing DBS, demonstrates the establishment of a machine learning model based on fMRI patterns, and suggests that fMRI brain responses could serve as an objective biomarker for clinical response.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jaeeon Lee, Bernardo L. Sabatini
Summary: The study reveals that indirect striatal projection neurons in the basal ganglia contribute to action selection and exploration by modulating the superior colliculus, highlighting a competitive interaction between hemispheres of the superior colliculus in triggering motor actions.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tao Jia, Ying-Di Wang, Jing Chen, Xue Zhang, Jun-Li Cao, Cheng Xiao, Chunyi Zhou
Summary: The SNr(GABA)-STNGlu-LPBGlu pathway regulates acute and persistent pain states and is a potential target for pain management.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Colin G. McNamara, Max Rothwell, Andrew Sharott
Summary: Closed-loop interaction regulates ongoing brain activity by binding external stimulation to specific neural circuit dynamics. By delivering stimulation aligned with each cycle, oscillatory brain activity can be maintained in a desired state, allowing for modulation of behavior.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mohammed E. Choudhury, Yuka Kigami, Junya Tanaka
Summary: With the increasing age of the population, the incidence of Parkinson's disease has grown significantly. Microglia play important roles in both the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and the compensatory mechanisms in different regions of the basal ganglia, making it challenging to target them for PD treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ashwini Oswal, Chunyan Cao, Chien-Hung Yeh, Wolf-Julian Neumann, James Gratwicke, Harith Akram, Andreas Horn, Dianyou Li, Shikun Zhan, Chao Zhang, Qiang Wang, Ludvic Zrinzo, Tom Foltynie, Patricia Limousin, Rafal Bogacz, Bomin Sun, Masud Husain, Peter Brown, Vladimir Litvak
Summary: In this study, researchers demonstrate that high beta frequencies propagate from the cortex to the basal ganglia via the hyperdirect pathway in Parkinson's disease patients, suggesting a pathophysiological role for this pathway in PD.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marek Balaz, Pavel Filip, Martina Bockova, Vera Feitova, Ivo Riha, Dusan Hrabovsky, Jan Chrastina
Summary: Despite the challenges in pharmacotherapy for late-stage Parkinson's disease, deep brain stimulation can be a successful treatment option. A patient with early-onset Parkinson's disease experienced significant improvement in symptoms and quality of life through a unique approach of intracerebral electrode configuration. This case highlights the importance of individualized treatment in complex functional neurosurgical cases.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alzbeta Sejnoha Minsterova, Patricia Klobusiakova, Adrian Pies, Zoltan Galaz, Jiri Mekyska, Lubomira Novakova, Nela Nemcova Elfmarkova, Irena Rektorova
PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS
(2020)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alena Damborska, Martin Lamos, Denis Brunet, Serge Vulliemoz, Martina Bockova, Barbora Deutschova, Marek Balaz, Ivan Rektor
Summary: The study suggests that slow oscillations in the STN of patients with Parkinson's disease are linked to cortical activity, indicating the role of STN in both bottom-up and top-down processes within the subcortico-cortical circuitries of the human brain. The results also show a relative left-right symmetry in the STN-cortex functional linkage, suggesting the need for further treatment studies to assess the efficacy of unilateral STN stimulation for Parkinson's disease treatment.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Michael Zech, Sylvia Boesch, Matej Skorvanek, Jan Necpal, Jana Svantnerova, Matias Wagner, Yasemin Dincer, Ariane Sadr-Nabavi, Teresa Serranova, Irena Rektorova, Petra Havrankova, Shahzaman Ganai, Alexandra Mosejova, Iva Prihodova, Jana Sarlakova, Kristina Kulcsarova, Olga Ulmanova, Karel Bechyne, Miriam Ostrozovicova, Vladimir Han, Joaquim Ribeiro Ventosa, Mohammad Shariati, Ali Shoeibi, Sandrina Weber, Brit Mollenhauer, Claudia Trenkwalder, Riccardo Berutti, Tim M. Strom, Andres Ceballos-Baumann, Volker Mall, Bernhard Haslinger, Robert Jech, Juliane Winkelmann
Summary: Utilizing whole-exome sequencing data for CNV analysis can increase the diagnostic yield for dystonia. Prioritizing rare CNVs that affect known disease genes or are associated with specific microdeletion/microduplication syndromes based on a well-established assessment standard. The study identified pathogenic CNVs in a small percentage of patients, highlighting the importance of combining CNV analysis with the assessment of single-nucleotide variants and small insertions/deletions for improved genetic diagnosis in dystonia.
PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Patricia Klobusiakova, Jiri Mekyska, Lubos Brabenec, Zoltan Galaz, Vojtech Zvoncak, Jan Mucha, Steven Z. Rapcsak, Irena Rektorova
Summary: The study revealed that individuals with PD without overt speech impairment exhibit decreased speech loudness, increased activation in the right anterior cingulate, bilateral grey matter loss in the posterior superior temporal gyrus, and increased activation in the left superior temporal gyrus compared to healthy controls. These findings suggest distinct articulatory network reorganization in PD patients even before subjective speech impairment becomes apparent.
PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Lubos Brabenec, Patricia Klobusiakova, Patrik Simko, Milena Kostalova, Jiri Mekyska, Irena Rektorova
Summary: This study evaluated the long-term effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on hypokinetic dysarthria in Parkinson's disease, showing that real stimulation led to improvements in speech articulation compared to sham stimulation. The neural mechanisms of these improvements involve activation increases in specific brain regions and enhanced intrinsic connectivity.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Michael Zech, Robert Jech, Sylvia Boesch, Matej Skorvanek, Jan Necpal, Jana Svantnerova, Matias Wagner, Ariane Sadr-Nabavi, Felix Distelmaier, Martin Krenn, Tereza Serranova, Irena Rektorova, Petra Havrankova, Alexandra Mosejova, Iva Prihodova, Jana Sarlakova, Kristina Kulcsarova, Olga Ulmanova, Karel Bechyne, Miriam Ostrozovicova, Vladimir Han, Joaquim Ribeiro Ventosa, Theresa Brunet, Riccardo Berutti, Mohammad Shariati, Ali Shoeibi, Susanne A. Schneider, Alice Kuster, Matthias Baumann, David Weise, Friederike Wilbert, Wibke G. Janzarik, Matthias Eckenweiler, Volker Mall, Bernhard Haslinger, Steffen Berweck, Juliane Winkelmann, Konrad Oexle
Summary: The algorithm for dystonia diagnosis based on individual phenotypic aspects showed the highest diagnostic yield when the total score was 5. The sensitivity and specificity for implementing WES at the threshold of 3 points were 96% and 52% respectively.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Lukasz M. Milanowski, Jennifer A. Lindemann, Dorota Hoffman-Zacharska, Alexandra Soto-Beasley, Maria Barcikowska, Magdalena Boczarska-Jedynak, Angela Deutschlander, Gabriela Klodowska, Jaroslaw Dulski, Lyuda Fedoryshyn, Andrzej Friedman, Zygmunt Jamrozik, Piotr Janik, Katherine Karpinsky, Dariusz Koziorowski, Anna Krygowska-Wajs, Barbara Jasinska-Myga, Grzegorz Opala, Anna Potulska-Chromik, Aleksander Pulyk, Irena Rektorova, Yanosh Sanotsky, Joanna Siuda, Katarzyna Smilowska, Lech Szczechowski, Monika Rudzinska-Bar, Ronald L. Walton, Owen A. Ross, Zbigniew K. Wszolek
Summary: The study analyzed the frequency of PRKN, PINK1, and DJ1 mutations in early-onset Parkinson's disease patients from four neighboring European countries and found that mutations in these genes were not frequently observed in the analyzed cohorts.
PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
P. Simko, M. Pupikova, M. Gajdos, I Rektorova
Summary: The study demonstrates that a single session of bifrontal tDCS combined with cognitive training may enhance VWM performance and resting-state functional connectivity within the relevant brain network in highly educated older adults.
Article
Neurosciences
Martina Bockova, Eva Vytvarova, Martin Lamos, Petr Klimes, Pavel Jurak, Josef Halamek, Sabina Goldemundova, Marek Balaz, Ivan Rektor
Summary: The response to subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) varies individually and is difficult to predict. While most patients did not show changes in global network organization, suboptimal responders exhibited decreased global connectivity in the 1-8 Hz frequency range and regional node strength in frontal areas. The supplementary motor area was demonstrated to play an important role in the optimal response to DBS, with good responders showing increased node strength and eigenvector centrality in this brain region.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Martina Bockova, Ivan Rektor
Summary: This article discusses the relationship between neurological diseases and oscillatory dysfunctions, highlighting the importance of electrophysiological biomarkers used in deep brain stimulation therapy, especially in the field of movement disorders.
JOURNAL OF NEURAL TRANSMISSION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amit Khairnar, Jana Ruda-Kucerova, Anas Arab, Constantinos Hadjistyllis, Alzbeta Sejnoha Minsterova, Qi Shang, Alexandra Chovsepian, Eva Drazanova, Nikoletta Szabo, Zenon Starcuk, Irena Rektorova, Francisco Pan-Montojo
Summary: The study demonstrates the utility of diffusion kurtosis imaging in detecting progressive microstructural changes in different brain regions of mice with a Parkinson's Disease-like pathology, showing that pathologic changes can self-perpetuate and intensify within the central nervous system after exposure to rotenone for 2 months.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Martin Lamos, Ivona Moravkova, David Ondracek, Martina Bockova, Irena Rektorova
Summary: This study found altered temporal dynamics of EEG microstates in patients with mild cognitive impairment with Lewy bodies, with higher occurrence of microstates A-D in the patient group. Specifically, microstate B showed shorter mean duration and correlation with the dominant alpha frequency in the patient group.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xi-Ze Jia, Na Zhao, Hao-Ming Dong, Jia-Wei Sun, Marek Barton, Roxana Burciu, Nicolas Carriere, Antonio Cerasa, Bo-Yu Chen, Jun Chen, Stephen Coombes, Luc Defebvre, Christine Delmaire, Kathy Dujardin, FabriZio Esposito, Guo-Guang Fan, Federica Di Nardo, Yi-Xuan Feng, Brett W. Fling, Saurabh Garg, Moran Gilat, Martin Gorges, Shu-Leong Ho, Fay B. Horak, Xiao Hu, Xiao-Fei Hu, Biao Huang, Pei-Yu Huang, Ze-Juan Jia, Christina Jones, Jan Kassubek, Lenka Krajcovicova, Ajay Kurani, Jing Li, Qing Li, Ai-Ping Liu, Bo Liu, Hu Liu, Wei-Guo Liu, Renaud Lopes, Yu-Ting Lou, Wei Luo, Tara Madhyastha, Ni-Ni Mao, Grainne McAlonan, Martin J. McKeown, Shirley Pang, Andrea Quattrone, Irena Rektorova, Alessia Sarica, Hui-Fang Shang, James M. Shine, Priyank Shukla, Tomas Slavicek, Xiao-Peng Song, Gioacchino Tedeschi, Alessandro Tessitore, David Vaillancourt, Jian Wang, Jue Wang, Z. Jane Wang, Lu-Qing Wei, Xia Wu, Xiao-Jun Xu, Lei Yan, Jing Yang, Wan-Qun Yang, Nai-Lin Yao, De-Long Zhang, Jiu-Quan Zhang, Min-Ming Zhang, Yan-Ling Zhang, Cai-Hong Zhou, Chao-Gan Yan, Xi-Nian Zuo, Mark Hallett, Tao Wu, Yu-Feng Zang
Article
Neurosciences
Martin Lamos, Martina Bockova, Sabina Goldemundova, Marek Balaz, Jan Chrastina, Ivan Rektor
Summary: This study evaluated the effect of deep brain stimulation (DBS) on cortical networks in Parkinson's disease using EEG microstates. It was found that there were differences in microstates between patients and healthy controls, as well as changes in microstates with DBS. These changes were correlated with clinical and neuropsychological scores.
NPJ PARKINSONS DISEASE
(2023)