Article
Clinical Neurology
Pauline Mouches, Matthias Wilms, Agampreet Aulakh, Soenke Langner, Nils D. D. Forkert
Summary: This study compared the accuracy of brain age prediction using T1-weighted MRI and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) data, showing that a combined model achieved a mean absolute error of 4 years. The results also revealed diverging associations between cardiovascular risk factors when evaluating the brain age gap (BAG) obtained from different approaches and imaging modalities.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yi-Chu Liao, Yu-Chen Hu, Chih-Ping Chung, Yen-Feng Wang, Yuh-Cherng Guo, Yu-Shuen Tsai, Yi-Chung Lee
Summary: ICH is a significant manifestation of CADASIL, with a prevalence of 21.3% in patients studied. Hypertension and a higher total small vessel disease score are associated with the presence of ICH lesions. The presence of CMBs in the brain stem and a total CMB count >10 are independently associated with ICH lesions in patients with CADASIL.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sigurdur Sigurdsson, Thor Aspelund, Olafur Kjartansson, Elias Gudmundsson, Palmi Jonsson, Mark A. van Buchem, Vilmundur Gudnason, Lenore J. Launer
Summary: This study found that the risk factors for different types of brain infarcts vary depending on the location in the brain. Small vessel disease risk factors such as hypertension and diabetes were associated with subcortical infarcts, while atherosclerotic/coronary processes were associated with cortical infarcts, and a mixed profile of factors was associated with cerebellar infarcts. Assessing risk factors based on the location of asymptomatic infarcts detected on magnetic resonance imaging may help improve preventive therapeutic approaches for stroke.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Edna N. Matjuda, Godwill A. Engwa, Samuel Nkeh Chungag Anye, Benedicta N. Nkeh-Chungag, Nandu Goswami
Summary: In South African children of African ancestry, vascular dysfunction is associated with obesity, high blood pressure, oxidative stress, and microalbuminuria.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kangxiang Ji, Chen Zhou, Longfei Wu, Weili Li, Milan Jia, Min Chu, Di Wu, Chengbei Hou, Jiangang Duan, Ran Meng, Xunming Ji
Summary: Isolated intracranial hypertension, CVT recurrence, and no recanalization were identified as risk factors for severe residual headache after CVT. The occurrence of severe headache was higher in patients with unfavorable outcomes and risk factors for severe headache in patients with favorable outcomes included isolated intracranial hypertension and no recanalization.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Zahra Raisi-Estabragh, Akshay Jaggi, Polyxeni Gkontra, Celeste McCracken, Nay Aung, Patricia B. Munroe, Stefan Neubauer, Nicholas C. Harvey, Karim Lekadir, Steffen E. Petersen
Summary: This study found that among healthy individuals, men tend to have larger ventricles with dimmer and less complex myocardium compared to women. Increasing age was associated with smaller ventricles and greater variation in myocardial intensities. Additionally, vascular risk factors were associated with specific changes in CMR radiomics features, with diabetes and high cholesterol having a greater impact on ventricular size in men than women.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Santosh B. Murthy, Cenai Zhang, Ajay Gupta, Sung-Min Cho, Lucia Rivera-Lara, Radhika Avadhani, Joshua Gruber, Costantino Iadecola, Guido J. Falcone, Kevin N. Sheth, Adnan Qureshi, Joshua N. Goldstein, Daniel F. Hanley, Hooman Kamel, Wendy C. Ziai
Summary: Presence of DWI lesions in patients with ICH is associated with a heightened risk of stroke, particularly ischemic stroke. The increased risk persists for ischemic stroke but not for recurrent ICH.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sanaz Sedaghat, Yuekai Ji, Jean-Philippe Empana, Timothy M. Hughes, Thomas H. Mosley, Rebecca F. Gottesman, Michael Griswold, Clifford R. Jack, Pamela L. Lutsey, Thomas T. van Sloten
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association of cardiovascular health in midlife and late-life as well as changes in cardiovascular health between these periods with the prevalence of cerebral vascular disease in late-life. The results showed that better cardiovascular health in midlife, improvement of cardiovascular health within midlife, higher cardiovascular health at late-life, and improvement of cardiovascular health from midlife to late-life were associated with a lower prevalence of cerebral vascular disease markers in late-life. Therefore, improving cardiovascular health in midlife and late-life may help prevent the development of cerebral vascular disease.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Paul D. Griffiths, Mariasavina Severino, Deborah Jarvis, Laura Mandefield, Cecilia Parazzini, Lorenzo Pinelli, Marco Di Maurizio, Fabio Triulzi, Elisa Scola, Giorgio Conte, Giovanni Palumbo, Maurilio Genovese, Andrea Rossi, Renzo Guerrini, Andrea Righini
Summary: The study included 64 foetuses with cortical formation abnormalities (CFA) who underwent two in utero magnetic resonance (iuMR) exams, with 62% showing consistent CFA description between the two studies. In 38% of cases, there was a category change, including cases without CFA initially detected, changes in laterality/symmetry, and re-classification within the same group. Brain abnormalities other than CFA were present in around half of the cases on both first and second studies. Prognosis was predicted to have changed in 8% of cases based on the second study, with all indicating a worse prognosis.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Steven M. Greenberg
Summary: As life expectancy increases, brain health, especially vascular brain health, plays a crucial role in successful aging. Cerebrovascular pathologies are major contributors to age-related cognitive impairment and can be partially modified with available treatments. This update focuses on various aspects of vascular brain health, including pathogenesis, neuroimaging, risk factors, social determinants, and treatments. Shared themes in this update include the progression of vascular brain injury, the need for diverse research populations, improved tools for studying cerebral small vessels, the role of brain recovery mechanisms, and the interaction between vascular and neurodegenerative processes.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Feifei Qu, Taotao Sun, Yongsheng Chen, Brijesh Kumar Yadav, Ling Jiang, Zhaoxia Qian, E. Mark Haacke
Summary: The study utilized STAGE imaging to estimate tissue properties in the fetal brain, finding that the ratios of T-1app and PDapp in different regions varied, indicating the potential utility of STAGE imaging for assessing fetal brain properties.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Qinhong Zhang, Xiao Liu, Shenglan Gao, Shiyan Yan, Ang Li, Zeyi Wei, Shengwang Han, Yu Hou, Xiaoling Li, Danna Cao, Jinhuan Yue
Summary: Vascular cognitive impairment not dementia (VCIND) is a subtype of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) with cognitive dysfunction ranging between normal cognitive function and vascular dementia. This article discusses the progress in understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of VCIND using multimodal MRI techniques, emphasizing the importance of these techniques in unraveling the complex nature of VCIND and their potential for developing diagnostic tools and therapeutic interventions.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Lifang Zhang, Yanran Li, Lin Bian, Qingrong Luo, Xiaoxi Zhang, Bing Zhao
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the risk factors of cognitive impairment in patients with vascular mild cognitive impairment (VaMCI) using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The results showed that VaMCI patients exhibited cognitive impairment and abnormal brain activity, with the left parietal lobe and right temporal lobe being particularly affected. Hypertension was identified as a high-risk factor for cognitive impairment in VaMCI patients. The findings provide a theoretical basis for the early diagnosis of VaMCI.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Bixia Chen, Dino Saban, Steffen Rauscher, Annika Herten, Laurel Rauschenbach, Alejandro Santos, Yan Li, Boerge Schmidt, Yuan Zhu, Ramazan Jabbarli, Karsten H. Wrede, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Ulrich Sure, Philipp Dammann
Summary: The study suggests that obesity may be a risk factor for CCM hemorrhage, significantly associated with ICH as mode of presentation. Other risk factors did not show such effects and none of the factors were independent predictors of cumulative 5-year risk of (re)bleeding.
Article
Neurosciences
Pauline Mouches, Matthias Wilms, Deepthi Rajashekar, Sonke Langner, Nils D. Forkert
Summary: This study aimed to develop deep learning models to predict biological brain age using multimodal imaging data. The results showed that combining T1-weighted and angiography MRI data significantly improved prediction accuracy, while also identifying the most contributing brain regions and arteries.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Janina Krell-Roesch, Martin Rakusa, Jeremy A. Syrjanen, Argonde C. van Harten, Val J. Lowe, Clifford R. Jack, Walter K. Kremers, David S. Knopman, Gorazd B. Stokin, Ronald C. Petersen, Maria Vassilaki, Yonas E. Geda
Summary: This study examined the association between CSF biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease and neuropsychiatric symptoms in older non-demented adults. The results showed that lower CSF Aβ42 and higher t-tau/Aβ42 and p-tau/Aβ42 ratios were associated with depression, anxiety, and other NPS.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Patrick H. Luckett, Charlie Chen, Brian A. Gordon, Julie Wisch, Sarah B. Berman, Jasmeer P. Chhatwal, Carlos Cruchaga, Anne M. Fagan, Martin R. Farlow, Nick C. Fox, Mathias Jucker, Johannes Levin, Colin L. Masters, Hiroshi Mori, James M. Noble, Stephen Salloway, Peter R. Schofield, Adam M. Brickman, William S. Brooks, David M. Cash, Michael J. Fulham, Bernardino Ghetti, Clifford R. Jack, Jonathan Voeglein, William E. Klunk, Robert Koeppe, Yi Su, Michael Weiner, Qing Wang, Daniel Marcus, Deborah Koudelis, Nelly Joseph-Mathurin, Lisa Cash, Russ Hornbeck, Chengjie Xiong, Richard J. Perrin, Celeste M. Karch, Jason Hassenstab, Eric McDade, John C. Morris, Tammie L. S. Benzinger, Randall J. Bateman, Beau M. Ances
Summary: This study analyzed 19 biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease using hierarchical clustering and feature selection, and found that amyloid and tau measures were the primary predictors. Emerging biomarkers of neuronal integrity and inflammation showed weaker predictive ability.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Neha Atulkumar Singh, Nirubol Tosakulwong, Jonathan Graff-Radford, Mary M. Machulda, Nha Trang Thu Pham, Irene Sintini, Stephen D. Weigand, Christopher G. Schwarz, Matthew L. Senjem, Minerva M. Carrasquillo, Nilufer Ertekin-Taner, Clifford R. Jack, Val J. Lowe, Keith A. Josephs, Jennifer L. Whitwell
Summary: APOE epsilon 4 is an important genetic risk factor for typical Alzheimer's disease (AD), but its influence in atypical presentations of AD is not well-known. This study found that APOE epsilon 4 carriers had smaller hippocampal and amygdala volumes and greater tau deposition, while non-carriers showed faster rates of atrophy and tau accumulation in certain brain regions.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Maria Vassilaki, Jeremiah A. Aakre, Anna Castillo, Alanna M. Chamberlain, Patrick M. Wilson, Walter K. Kremers, Michelle M. Mielke, Yonas E. Geda, Mary M. Machulda, Rabe E. Alhurani, Jonathan Graff-Radford, Prashanthi Vemuri, Val J. Lowe, Clifford R. Jack, David S. Knopman, Ronald C. Petersen
Summary: The study found an association between neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation and cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia in older adults. Higher levels of neighborhood deprivation were associated with an increased risk of progression to dementia and slightly faster cognitive decline.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Michael W. Weiner, Danielle Harvey, Susan M. Landau, Dallas P. Veitch, Thomas C. Neylan, Jordan H. Grafman, Paul S. Aisen, Ronald C. Petersen, Clifford R. Jack, Duygu Tosun, Leslie M. Shaw, John Q. Trojanowski, Andrew J. Saykin, Jacqueline Hayes, Charles De Carli
Summary: The study found no significant association between TBI and/or PTSD and biomarker-defined AD. Veterans with TBI and/or PTSD had poorer cognitive status, which may be attributed to other comorbid pathologies.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Emanuele Camerucci, Jonathan Graff-Radford, David T. Jones, Benjamin D. Elder, Jeffrey L. Gunter, Jeremy K. Cutsforth-Gregory, Hugo Botha, Matthew C. Murphy, Derek R. Johnson, Caroline Davidge-Pitts, Clifford R. Jack, John Huston, Petrice M. Cogswell
Summary: This study evaluated the change in size of focally enlarged sulci (FES) and pituitary height after shunt placement in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH). The results showed a significant decrease in FES volume and a significant increase in pituitary gland size after shunt placement.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Firat Kara, Christine M. Lohse, Anna M. Castillo, Nirubol Tosakulwong, Timothy G. Lesnick, Clifford R. Jack, Ronald C. Petersen, Janet E. Olson, Fergus J. Couch, Kathryn J. Ruddy, Kejal Kantarci, Michelle M. Mielke
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether the use of selective estrogen receptor modifiers (SERMs), including tamoxifen and raloxifene, was associated with cognitive performance and markers of neurodegeneration associated with Alzheimer's disease. The results showed no significant associations between the use of SERMs and cognition or MCI in both breast cancer patients and women without a history of cancer.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Clifford R. Jack Jr, Heather J. Wiste, Alicia Algeciras-Schimnich, Dan J. Figdore, Christopher G. Schwarz, Val J. Lowe, Vijay K. Ramanan, Prashanthi Vemuri, Michelle M. Mielke, David S. Knopman, Jonathan Graff-Radford, Bradley F. Boeve, Kejal Kantarci, Petrice M. Cogswell, Matthew L. Senjem, Jeffrey L. Gunter, Terry M. Therneau, Ronald C. Petersen
Summary: Staging the severity of Alzheimer's disease pathology is important for therapeutic trials and clinical prognosis. Biomarkers such as amyloid and tau PET can be used for disease staging, but plasma biomarkers would be more practical.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Vijay K. Ramanan, Robel K. Gebre, Jonathan Graff-Radford, Ekaterina Hofrenning, Alicia Algeciras-Schimnich, Daniel J. Figdore, Val J. Lowe, Michelle M. Mielke, David S. Knopman, Owen A. Ross, Clifford R. Jack Jr, Ronald C. Petersen, Prashanthi Vemuri
Summary: Ramanan et al. found that integrating genetic risk scores improves the diagnostic value of plasma biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease, especially in predicting amyloid PET positivity. However, more advances are needed before these biomarkers can be widely used. By analyzing a large sample, they discovered that the AD-GRS is independently associated with amyloid PET levels and significantly enhances the classification accuracy of amyloid PET positivity when combined with high plasma p-tau(181). Machine learning methods that incorporate plasma biomarkers, demographics, and the AD-GRS show high accuracy in predicting amyloid PET levels.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Diego Z. Carvalho, Stuart J. McCarter, Erik K. St Louis, Scott A. Przybelski, Kohl Johnson L. Sparrman, Virend K. Somers, Bradley F. Boeve, Ronald C. Petersen, Clifford R. Jack Jr, Jonathan Graff-Radford, Prashanthi Vemuri
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between polysomnographic (PSG) sleep parameters and neuroimaging biomarkers of cerebrovascular disease (CVD) in older adults with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The results showed that reduced slow-wave sleep and severe OSA were associated with increased burden of white matter abnormalities in older adults, which may contribute to a higher risk of cognitive impairment, dementia, and stroke.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Neha Atulkumar Singh, Peter R. Martin, Jonathan Graff-Radford, Irene Sintini, Mary M. Machulda, Joseph R. Duffy, Jeffrey L. Gunter, Hugo Botha, David T. Jones, Val J. Lowe, Clifford R. JackJr, Keith A. Josephs, Jennifer L. Whitwell
Summary: Posterior cortical atrophy and logopenic progressive aphasia are atypical clinical presentations of Alzheimer's disease, both showing disruptions in functional networks. The language network is affected in logopenic progressive aphasia, while the visual network is affected in posterior cortical atrophy. However, there is limited knowledge about the differences in connectivity within and between brain networks in these atypical Alzheimer's disease phenotypes.
BRAIN COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Nick Corriveau-Lecavalier, Jeffrey L. Gunter, Michael Kamykowski, Ellen Dicks, Hugo Botha, Walter K. Kremers, Jonathan Graff-Radford, Daniela A. Wiepert, Christopher G. Schwarz, Essa Yacoub, David S. Knopman, Bradley F. Boeve, Kamil Ugurbil, Ronald C. Petersen, Clifford R. Jack, Melissa J. Terpstra, David T. Jones
Summary: From a complex systems perspective, clinical syndromes emerging from neurodegenerative diseases are thought to result from multiscale interactions between aggregates of misfolded proteins and the disequilibrium of large-scale networks coordinating functional operations underpinning cognitive phenomena. Age-related disruption of the default mode network is accelerated by amyloid deposition in all syndromic presentations of Alzheimer's disease, while syndromic variability may reflect selective neurodegeneration of modular networks supporting specific cognitive abilities. This study investigates the use of a biomarker of default mode network dysfunction, the network failure quotient, to assess Alzheimer's disease in a normative cohort and differentiate between different phenotypes of the disease. The study provides important insights into the shared pathophysiological mechanisms and distinct neurodegenerative processes involved in Alzheimer's disease.
BRAIN COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Nicole S. McKay, Brian A. Gordon, Russ C. Hornbeck, Aylin Dincer, Shaney Flores, Sarah J. Keefe, Nelly Joseph-Mathurin, Clifford R. Jack, Robert Koeppe, Peter R. Millar, Beau M. Ances, Charles D. Chen, Alisha Daniels, Diana A. Hobbs, Kelley Jackson, Deborah Koudelis, Parinaz Massoumzadeh, Austin McCullough, Michael L. Nickels, Farzaneh Rahmani, Laura Swisher, Qing Wang, Ricardo F. Allegri, Sarah B. Berman, Adam M. Brickman, William S. Brooks, David M. Cash, Jasmeer P. Chhatwal, Gregory S. Day, Martin R. Farlow, Christian la Fougere, Nick C. Fox, Michael Fulham, Bernardino Ghetti, Neill Graff-Radford, Takeshi Ikeuchi, William Klunk, Jae-Hong Lee, Johannes Levin, Ralph Martins, Colin L. Masters, Jonathan McConathy, Hiroshi Mori, James Noble, Gerald Reischl, Christopher Rowe, Stephen Salloway, Raquel Sanchez-Valle, Peter R. Schofield, Hiroyuki Shimada, Mikio Shoji, Yi Su, Kazushi Suzuki, Jonathan Voeglein, Igor Yakushev, Carlos Cruchaga, Jason Hassenstab, Celeste Karch, Eric McDade, Richard J. Perrin, Chengjie Xiong, John C. Morris, Randall J. Bateman, Tammie L. S. Benzinger
Summary: The Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network (DIAN) is an international collaboration that studies autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease (ADAD). ADAD arises from mutations in three genes. Non-carrier siblings from ADAD families can be recruited for case-control studies. The predictable age of onset in ADAD allows for mapping candidate AD biomarkers during the preclinical phase. This study provides valuable data for understanding early disease stages of both ADAD and sporadic AD, as well as for research in healthy aging.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Srishti Shrestha, Xiaoqian Zhu, Kevin J. Sullivan, Chad Blackshear, Jennifer A. Deal, A. Richey Sharrett, Vidyulata Kamath, Andrea L. C. Schneider, Clifford R. Jack, Juebin Huang, Priya Palta, Robert I. Reid, David S. Knopman, Rebecca F. Gottesman, Honglei Chen, B. Gwen Windham, Michael E. Griswold, Jr Thomas H. Mosley
Summary: Research shows that neuronal microstructural integrity in multiple brain regions, particularly the medial temporal lobe (MTL), is associated with odor identification ability. The associations between microstructural integrity and olfaction are stronger in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) compared to those with normal cognition, suggesting different effects of dementia pathogenesis.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Keenan A. Walker, Ron C. Hoogeveen, Aaron R. Folsom, Christie M. Ballantyne, David S. Knopman, B. Gwen Windham, Clifford R. Jack Jr, Rebecca F. Gottesman
Summary: In the article "Midlife Systemic Inflammatory Markers Are Associated With Late-Life Brain Volume: The ARIC Study" by Walker et al., coding errors were found to have affected the statistical analyses. The authors have corrected the errors and reanalyzed the data, stating that the errors did not change the overall message of the article. The identified errors include misclassification of a nominal covariate, use of incorrect alcohol use covariate, and an error in the scaling of beta coefficients.